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Analysis of temperature change during polymerization according to resin thickness: an in vitro experimental study
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Kkot-Byeol Bae, Eun-Young Noh, Young-Tae Cho, Bin-Na Lee, Hoon-Sang Chang, Yun-Chan Hwang, Won-Mann Oh, In-Nam Hwang
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Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(4):e34. Published online November 12, 2025
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e34
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 Abstract
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- Objectives
This study aimed to analyze the temperature changes during the light curing of conventional flowable composite resin and bulk-fill composite resin of various thicknesses using an infrared thermographic camera.
Methods
Flowable composite resin (G-aenial Flo, GC Co.) and bulk-fill composite resin (SDR, Dentsply Caulk) were used. Specimens with thicknesses from 0.5 mm to 5.0 mm were prepared. The infrared thermographic camera measured the temperature changes at the maximum temperature rise point during light curing. The data were analyzed for maximum temperature, time to peak temperature, and temperature rise patterns.
Results
For G-aenial Flo, the maximum temperature tended to decrease with increasing thickness, whereas for SDR, the maximum temperature decreased up to 2.0 mm and then remained relatively consistent from 2.0 mm to 5.0 mm. At thicknesses of 1.5 mm or less, both resins showed a rapid temperature increase within the first 5 seconds, followed by a reduced rate of increase up to 80 seconds. At thicknesses of 2.0 mm or greater, the temperature peaked and then gradually decreased. Across all thicknesses, SDR was observed to reach peak temperature more rapidly than G-aenial Flo.
Conclusions
Observable differences in polymerization dynamics were identified between the two resin types, particularly at greater thicknesses. Although no statistical analysis was performed, these descriptive findings suggest that infrared thermographic cameras may be useful for indirectly assessing polymerization dynamics during resin polymerization.
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Color difference of the dental composites measured by different color measuring instruments
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Su-Jung Park, Eun-Young Noh, Hyun-Gu Cho, Yun-Chan Hwang, Won-Mann Oh, In-Nam Hwang
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J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(3):199-207. Published online May 31, 2009
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.3.199
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Abstract
PDFPubReaderePub
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of color measuring instrument by measuring the color of dental composite resins.
Nine shade light cured composite resin disks were prepared (diameter : 15 mm, thickness : 4 mm). CIE L*a*b* color scale of each disk was measured with 3 different types of spectrophotometer [MiniScan XE plus (Model 4000S, Hunter Lab, USA), CM-3500d (Minolta, Japan) and Specbos 2100 Miniature VIS Reflection spectrometer (Serial No: 319416, JETI Technishe VIS Instrumentic GmbH, Germany)]. Miniscan XE Plus and CM-3500d using identical measuring geometry with different size of viewing aperture. But Specbos 2100 using different measuring geometry.
Within the limitation of this study, there were color difference (ΔE*) from 2.4 to 7.8 between Miniscan XE Plus and CM-3500d, but L*, a*, b* values showed the high correlation. However, there were great color difference (ΔE*) in the extent of about 20 between instruments with the different measuring geometry.
Therefore, color scale measured by color measuring instrument should be used as a relative value rather than an absolute value in the field of dentistry. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Color Change in Tooth Induced by Various Calcium Silicate-Based Pulp-Capping Materials
Jiyoon Jeon, Namki Choi, Seonmi Kim
THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY.2021; 48(3): 280. CrossRef - Effects of the color components of light-cured composite resin before and after polymerization on degree of conversion and flexural strength
Ji-A Yoo, Byeong-Hoon Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(4): 324. CrossRef
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