Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Article

Classification proposal of obliterated canals based on the position of the target point and the caliber of the root canal: Gustavo Adolfo Castillo Barrios, Patricia Rodríguez Sánchez, Anuar Elian Barona Triviño, Carlos Humberto Martínez Cajas; Restor Dent Endod 2026;51(3):e32. Published online August 4, 2026; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e32

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to propose a classification system for calcified root canals based on the location of the target point or canal starting point and root canal lumen caliber to facilitate the evaluation of dynamically guided techniques in endodontic treatment.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of eight cases with calcified root canals was conducted. Periapical radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography were used to classify cases based on root location and degree of obliteration. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were evaluated.
Results
Seven classification types were identified, ranging from partial obliteration to total obliteration. The location of the root canal lumen varies from the pulp chamber to the apical third of the root. Guided endodontics with dynamic navigation has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment modality in cases of advanced obliteration, thereby substantiating its efficacy in complex scenarios.
Conclusions
The proposed classification system provides a framework to understand the complexity of calcified root canals. Guided endodontics with dynamically guided techniques can be valuable in managing these challenging cases, particularly when the root canal lumen is in the apical third. Further studies are needed to validate the classification system and evaluate the long-term outcomes of the different treatment approaches.

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Case Report

Invasive cervical resorption: treatment challenges: Yookyung Kim, Chan-Young Lee, Euiseong Kim, Byoung-Duck Roh; Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(4):228-231. Published online November 21, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.4.228

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon form of external root resorption. It is characterized by invasion of cervical region of the root by fibrovascular tissue derived from the periodontal ligament. This case presents an invasive cervical resorption occurring in maxillary lateral incisor, following damage in cervical cementum from avulsion and intracoronal bleaching procedure. Flap reflection, debridement and restoration with glass ionomer cement were performed in an attempt to repair the defect. But after 2 mon, more resorption extended apically. Considering root stability and recurrence potential, we decided to extract the tooth. Invasive cervical resorption in advanced stages may present great challenges for clinicians. Therefore, prevention and early detection must be stressed when dealing with patients presenting history of potential predisposing factors.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Features of external root resorption as predictors of disease progression: A CBCT cross-sectional study
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Odontology.2026; 114(2): 720. CrossRef
Invasive Cervical Root Resorption: A Case Series and Clinical Management Protocol
Filippo Vezzoni, Dario De Martis, Maria Mirando, Andrea Scribante, Barbara Lapinska
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Operative Dentistry.2017; 42(2): E55. CrossRef
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