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Research Articles
The effect of limonene extract on the adhesion of different endodontic cements to root dentin: an in vitro experimental study
Nayara Lima Ferraz Aguiar, Eduardo José Soares, Guilherme Nilson Alves dos Santos, Anna Luísa Araújo Pimenta, Laryssa Karla Romano, Ricardo Gariba Silva, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri
Restor Dent Endod 2025;50(2):e16.   Published online May 12, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2025.50.e16
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives
The study aimed to evaluate the effect of limonene extract (LE) on push-out bond strength (BS) to root dentin in endodontically treated teeth.
Methods
Single-rooted teeth were selected and instrumented using the reciprocating technique, then divided into three groups based on the final irrigating solution: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and 5% LE. The roots were further divided (n = 12) and obturated using the single-cone technique with epoxy resin-based (ERB) or bioceramic sealer (Bio-C). After 3 days, the roots were sectioned into 2-mm slices, obtaining two slices from each root third. Push-out BS testing was conducted at 0.5 mm/min, followed by failure pattern and adhesive interface analysis using scanning electron microscopy. Push-out BS data were analyzed by three-way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05).
Results
ERB showed higher BS when irrigated with EDTA (5.0 ± 2.3 MPa) compared to NaOCl (1.8 ± 1.1 MPa) (p = 0.0005), particularly in the cervical third. LE yielded intermediate values without significant differences from the other irrigants (3.5 ± 1.9 MPa) (p > 0.05). For Bio-C, the highest BS was observed in the apical third, especially with LE (9.4 ± 5.0 MPa), differing from other thirds and final irrigating solutions (p < 0.05). Mixed failure patterns were most prevalent, regardless of the irrigant solutions.
Conclusions
The combination of LE with Bio-C demonstrated superior BS in the apical third, suggesting its potential as a final irrigating solution in endodontic treatments.
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Nanoleakage of apical sealing using a calcium silicate-based sealer according to canal drying methods
Yoon-Joo Lee, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park, Yoon Lee, Jin-Woo Kim
Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(2):e20.   Published online April 19, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e20
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study investigated the nanoleakage of root canal obturations using calcium silicate-based sealer according to different drying methods.

Materials and Methods

Fifty-two extracted mandibular premolars with a single root canal and straight root were selected for this study. After canal preparation with a nickel-titanium rotary file system, the specimens were randomly divided into 4 groups according to canal drying methods (1: complete drying, 2: blot drying/distilled water, 3: blot drying/NaOCl, 4: aspiration only). The root canals were obturated using a single-cone filling technique with a calcium silicate–based sealer. Nanoleakage was evaluated using a nanoflow device after 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month. Data were collected twice per second at the nanoscale and measured in nanoliters per second. Data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney U-tests (p < 0.05).

Results

The mean flow rate measured after 24 hours showed the highest value among the time periods in all groups. However, the difference in the flow rate between 1 week and 1 month was not significant. The mean flow rate of the complete drying group was the highest at all time points. After 1 month, the mean flow rate in the blot drying group and the aspiration group was not significantly different.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, the canal drying method had a significant effect on leakage and sealing ability in root canal obturations using a calcium silicate-based sealer. Thus, a proper drying procedure is critical in endodontic treatment.

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The status of clinical trials regarding root canal sealers
Ahmad AL Malak, Yasmina EL Masri, Mira Al Ziab, Nancy Zrara, Tarek Baroud, Pascale Salameh
Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(1):e5.   Published online January 15, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e5
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study aimed to present the results and analyses of clinical trials, including updates on the different functions of root canal sealers.

Materials and Methods

In June 2023, we performed a comprehensive search of ClinicalTrials.gov to identify interventional clinical trials pertaining to root canal sealers. In total, 23 clinical trials conducted up to June 2023 were included in this study.

Results

Approximately half of the trials (11 out of 23) were completed, while none were terminated or withdrawn. Each included trial had a minimum of 10 participants, with 11 trials having more than 100 participants. None of the assessed trials provided outcomes, and the majority (17 out of 23) lacked associated publications. In terms of geographic distribution, the USA and Canada did not contribute to any root canal sealer trials.

Conclusions

This study highlights the lack of diversity in trial locations, the absence of reported results, and a scarcity of clinical trials examining the physicochemical properties of different sealers. Most published trials primarily focused on assessing the post-operative pain effect of these sealers, but no significant difference was found regarding post-operative pain control.

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A scientometric, bibliometric, and thematic map analysis of hydraulic calcium silicate root canal sealers
Anastasios Katakidis, Konstantinos Kodonas, Anastasia Fardi, Christos Gogos
Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e41.   Published online November 13, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e41
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This scientometric and bibliometric analysis explored scientific publications related to hydraulic calcium silicate-based (HCSB) sealers used in endodontology, aiming to describe basic bibliometric indicators and analyze current research trends.

Materials and Methods

A comprehensive search was conducted in Web of Science and Scopus using specific HCSB sealer and general endodontic-related terms. Basic research parameters were collected, including publication year, authorship, countries, institutions, journals, level of evidence, study design and topic of interest, title terms, author keywords, citation counts, and density.

Results

In total, 498 articles published in 136 journals were retrieved for the period 2008–2023. Brazil was the leading country, and the universities of Bologna in Italy and Sao Paolo in Brazil were represented equally as leading institutions. The most frequently occurring keywords were “calcium silicate,” “root canal sealer MTA-Fillapex,” and “biocompatibility,” while title terms such as “calcium,” “sealers,” “root,” “canal,” “silicate based,” and “endodontic” occurred most often. According to the thematic map analysis, “solubility” appeared as a basic theme of concentrated research interest, and “single-cone technique” was identified as an emerging, inadequately developed theme. The co-occurrence analysis revealed 4 major clusters centered on sealers’ biological and physicochemical properties, obturation techniques, retreatability, and adhesion.

Conclusions

This analysis presents bibliographic features and outlines changing trends in HCSB sealer research. The research output is dominated by basic science articles scrutinizing the biological and specific physicochemical properties of commonly used HCSB sealers. Future research needs to be guided by studies with a high level of evidence that utilize innovative, sophisticated technologies.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Agri-Food Sector: Contemporary Trends, Possible Gaps, and Prospective Directions
    José Roberto Herrera Cantorani, Meire Ramalho de Oliveira, Luiz Alberto Pilatti, Thales Botelho de Sousa
    Metrics.2025; 2(1): 3.     CrossRef
  • Scientific mapping of experimental research on solar cookers: Global trends, evolution, and future directions
    Flavio Odoi-Yorke, Bismark Baah, Richard Opoku
    Solar Energy Advances.2025; 5: 100093.     CrossRef
  • Bibliometric analysis of the GentleWave system: trends, collaborations, and research gaps
    Raimundo Sales de Oliveira Neto, Thais de Moraes Souza, João Vitor Oliveira de Amorim, Thaine Oliveira Lima, Guilherme Ferreira da Silva, Rodrigo Ricci Vivan, Murilo Priori Alcalde, Marco Antonio Hungaro Duarte
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(2): e17.     CrossRef
  • A bibliometric analysis of global research trend and progress on Dy doped materials
    Sangeeta Kadyan, Manju Nain, Ashima Makhija, Poonam Punia, Anil Ohlan, Sajjan Dahiya, R. Punia, A.S. Maan
    Journal of Alloys and Compounds Communications.2024; 3: 100006.     CrossRef
  • Comparative bioactivity and immunomodulatory potential of the new Bioroot Flow and AH Plus Bioceramic sealer: An in vitro study on hPDLSCs
    José Luis Sanz, Sergio López-García, David García-Bernal, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano, Leopoldo Forner, Adrián Lozano, Laura Murcia
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Analyzing collaboration and impact: A bibliometric review of four highly published authors’ research profiles on collaborative maps
    Willy Chou, Julie Chi Chow
    Medicine.2024; 103(28): e38686.     CrossRef
  • 745 View
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  • 3 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
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Bone repair in defects filled with AH Plus sealer and different concentrations of MTA: a study in rat tibiae
Jessica Emanuella Rocha Paz, Priscila Oliveira Costa, Albert Alexandre Costa Souza, Ingrid Macedo de Oliveira, Lucas Fernandes Falcão, Carlos Alberto Monteiro Falcão, Maria Ângela Area Leão Ferraz, Lucielma Salmito Soares Pinto
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e48.   Published online September 2, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e48
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the effects on bone repair of different concentrations of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) added to AH Plus.

Materials and Methods

Bone tissue reactions were evaluated in 30 rats (Rattus norvegicus) after 7 and 30 days. In the AH + MTA10, AH + MTA20, and AH + MTA30 groups, defects in the tibiae were filled with AH Plus with MTA in proportions of 10%, 20% and 30%, respectively; in the MTA-FILL group, MTA Fillapex was used; and in the control group, no sealer was used. The samples were histologically analyzed to assess bone union and maturation. The Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were performed for multiple pairwise comparisons (p ≤ 0.05).

Results

At the 7-day time point, AH + MTA10 was superior to MTA-FILL with respect to bone union, and AH + MTA20 was superior to MTA-FILL with respect to bone maturity (p < 0.05). At the 30-day time point, both the AH + MTA10 and AH + MTA20 experimental sealers were superior not only to MTA-FILL, but also to AH + MTA30 with respect to both parameters (p < 0.05). The results of the AH + MTA10 and AH + MTA20 groups were superior to those of the control group for both parameters and experimental time points (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The results suggest the potential benefit of using a combination of these materials in situations requiring bone repair.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Analysis of the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of CeraSeal, BioRoot™ and AH Plus® sealers in pre-osteoblast lineage cells
    Luciano Aparecido de Almeida-Junior, Giuliana de Campos Chaves Lamarque, Henry Herrera, Maya Fernanda Manfrin Arnez, Francine Lorencetti-Silva, Raquel Assed Bezerra Silva, Léa Assed Bezerra Silva, Francisco Wanderley Garcia Paula-Silva
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A Review of the research methods and progress of biocompatibility evaluation of root canal sealers
    Xiliang Yang, Tianxia Zheng, Nuoya Yang, Zihan Yin, Wuliang Wang, Yuhong Bai
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 508.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Vitapex Combined with AH-Plus Paste on Inflammation in Middle-Aged and Elderly Patients with Periodontal-Endodontic Disease
    Rong Hu, Fulan Zhang, Xiangyu Guo, Youren Jing, Xiaowan Lin, Liping Tian, Min Tang
    Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
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  • 3 Web of Science
  • 3 Crossref
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Micro-computed tomographic evaluation of single-cone obturation with three sealers
Sahar Zare, Ivy Shen, Qiang Zhu, Chul Ahn, Carolyn Primus, Takashi Komabayashi
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e25.   Published online April 16, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e25
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study used micro-computed tomography (µCT) to compare voids and interfaces in single-cone obturation among AH Plus, EndoSequence BC, and prototype surface pre-reacted glass ionomer (S-PRG) sealers and to determine the percentage of sealer contact at the dentin and gutta-percha (GP) interfaces.

Materials and Methods

Fifteen single-rooted human teeth were shaped using ProTaper NEXT size X5 rotary files using 2.5% NaOCl irrigation. Roots were obturated with a single-cone ProTaper NEXT GP point X5 with AH Plus, EndoSequence BC, or prototype S-PRG sealer (n = 5/group).

Results

The volumes of GP, sealer, and voids were measured in the region of 0–2, 2–4, 4–6, and 6–8 mm from the apex, using image analysis of sagittal µCT scans. GP volume percentages were: AH Plus (75.5%), EndoSequence BC (87.3%), and prototype S-PRG (94.4%). Sealer volume percentages were less: AH Plus (14.3%), EndoSequence BC (6.8%), and prototype S-PRG (4.6%). Void percentages were AH Plus (10.1%), EndoSequence BC (5.9%), and prototype S-PRG (1.0%). Dentin-sealer contact ratios of AH Plus, EndoSequence BC, and prototype S-PRG groups were 82.4% ± 6.8%, 71.6% ± 25.3%, and 70.2% ± 9.4%, respectively. GP-sealer contact ratios of AH Plus, EndoSequence BC, and prototype S-PRG groups were 65.6% ± 29.1%, 80.7% ± 25.8%, and 87.0% ± 8.6%, respectively.

Conclusions

Prototype S-PRG sealer created a low-void obturation, similar to EndoSequence BC sealer with similar dentin-sealer contact (> 70%) and GP-sealer contact (> 80%). Prototype S-PRG sealer presented comparable filling quality to EndoSequence BC sealer.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Assessment of gap areas of root filling techniques in teeth with 3D-printed different configurations of C-shaped root canals: a micro-computed tomography study
    Tuba Gok, Adem Gok, Haydar Onur Aciksoz
    BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Assessment of the quality of root canal filling using three different sealers: Micro-computed tomography and scanning electron microscope study
    Loai Alsofi, Mohammed Yagmoor, Tariq AbuHaimed, Hassan Abed, Ehab Alshouibi, Rafif Mandura, Turki Bakhsh, Hanaa Ashkar, Mey Al-Habib
    Saudi Endodontic Journal.2025; 15(2): 152.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of isthmus filling using two obturation techniques performed by students with different levels of clinical experience
    Yang Yu, Chong-Yang Yuan, Xing-Zhe Yin, Xiao-Yan Wang
    Journal of Dental Sciences.2024; 19(1): 169.     CrossRef
  • Micro-CT determination of the porosity of two tricalcium silicate sealers applied using three obturation techniques
    Jinah Kim, Kali Vo, Gurmukh S. Dhaliwal, Aya Takase, Carolyn Primus, Takashi Komabayashi
    Journal of Oral Science.2024; 66(3): 163.     CrossRef
  • Ex-vivo evaluation of clinically-set hydraulic sealers used with different canal dryness protocols and obturation techniques: a randomized clinical trial
    Nawar Naguib Nawar, Mohamed Mohamed Elashiry, Ahmed El Banna, Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber, Edgar Schäfer
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hydraulic (Single Cone) Versus Thermogenic (Warm Vertical Compaction) Obturation Techniques: A Systematic Review
    Haytham S Jaha
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Sealing ability of various endodontic sealers with or without ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) treatment on bovine root canal
    Yusuke AIGAMI, Tomofumi SAWADA, Shunsuke SHIMIZU, Akiko ASANO, Mamoru NODA, Shinji TAKEMOTO
    Dental Materials Journal.2024; 43(3): 420.     CrossRef
  • A Literature Review of the Effect of Heat on the Physical-Chemical Properties of Calcium Silicate–Based Sealers
    Israa Ashkar, José Luis Sanz, Leopoldo Forner, James Ghilotti, María Melo
    Journal of Endodontics.2024; 50(8): 1044.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of the Prevalence of Head Lice Infestation and Parents’ Attitudes Towards Its Management: A School-based Epidemiological Study in İstanbul, Türkiye
    Özben Özden, İnci Timur, Hale Ezgi Açma, Duygu Şimşekli, Barış Gülerman, Özgür Kurt
    Turkish Journal of Parasitology.2023; 47(2): 112.     CrossRef
  • Calcium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals as an innovative intracanal medicament: a pilot study
    Gabriela Leite de Souza, Thamara Eduarda Alves Magalhães, Gabrielle Alves Nunes Freitas, Nelly Xiomara Alvarado Lemus, Gabriella Lopes de Rezende Barbosa, Anielle Christine Almeida Silva, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Micro‐CT assessment of gap‐containing areas along the gutta‐percha‐sealer interface in oval‐shaped canals
    Gustavo De‐Deus, Gustavo O. Santos, Iara Zamboni Monteiro, Daniele M. Cavalcante, Marco Simões‐Carvalho, Felipe G. Belladonna, Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva, Erick M. Souza, Raphael Licha, Carla Zogheib, Marco A. Versiani
    International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(7): 795.     CrossRef
  • A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study root canal fillings
    Gustavo De‐Deus, Erick Miranda Souza, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Marco Simões‐Carvalho, Daniele Moreira Cavalcante, Marco Aurélio Versiani
    International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S2): 384.     CrossRef
  • Use of micro-CT to examine effects of heat on coronal obturation
    Ivy Shen, Joan Daniel, Kali Vo, Chul Ahn, Carolyn Primus, Takashi Komabayashi
    Journal of Oral Science.2022; 64(3): 224.     CrossRef
  • Obturation of Root Canals By Vertical Condensation of Gutta-Percha – Benefits and Pitfalls
    Calkovsky Bruno, Slobodnikova Ladislava, Bacinsky Martin, Janickova Maria
    Acta Medica Martiniana.2021; 21(3): 103.     CrossRef
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Effects of radiation therapy on the dislocation resistance of root canal sealers applied to dentin and the sealer-dentin interface: a pilot study
Pallavi Yaduka, Rubi Kataki, Debosmita Roy, Lima Das, Shachindra Goswami
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e22.   Published online March 29, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e22
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study evaluated and compared the effects of radiation therapy on the dislocation resistance of AH Plus and BioRoot RCS applied to dentin and the sealer-dentin interface.

Materials and Methods

Thirty single-rooted teeth were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n = 15 each): AH Plus (Dentsply DeTrey) and BioRoot RCS (Septodont). Each group was subdivided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group was subjected to a total radiation dose of 60 Gy. The root canals of all samples were cleaned, shaped, and obturated using the single-cone technique. Dentin slices (1 mm) were sectioned from each root third for the push-out test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done to examine the sealer-dentin interface. The failure mode was determined using stereomicroscopy. Bond strength data were analyzed by the independent t-test, 1-way analysis of variance, and the Tukey post hoc test (α = 0.05).

Results

Significantly lower bond strength was observed in irradiated teeth than non-irradiated teeth in the AH Plus group (p < 0.05). The BioRoot RCS group showed no significant reduction in bond strength after irradiation (p > 0.05) and showed a higher post-irradiation bond strength (209.92 ± 172.26 MPa) than the AH Plus group. SEM revealed slightly larger gap-containing regions in irradiated specimens from both groups.

Conclusions

The dislocation resistance of BioRoot RCS was not significantly changed by irradiation and was higher than that of AH Plus. BioRoot RCS may be the sealer of choice for root canal treatment in patients undergoing radiation therapy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Impact of radiation therapy regimen on the dislodgement resistance of endodontic sealers: A micro push-out test
    Marcos Testa Magoga, Rafaela Lourdes de Sousa, Luiz Carlos Lima Dias-Junior, Rayssa Sabino-Silva, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Paulo Marcelo Rodrigues, Vicente Ribeiro Netto, Ricardo Machado, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garci
    International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2025; 136: 103894.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of the root dentin bond strength and intratubular biomineralization of a premixed calcium aluminate-based hydraulic bioceramic endodontic sealer
    Yu-Na Lee, Min-Kyeong Kim, Hee-Jin Kim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kwang-Won Lee, Kyung-San Min
    Journal of Oral Science.2024; 66(2): 96.     CrossRef
  • Effects of radiotherapy dose and application time on the load-to-failure values of teeth filled with different sealers
    Ozgun Gulderen, Esma Saricam, Sedef Gökhan Açikgöz, Yılmaz Tezcan
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Ultrasonic activation of the endodontic sealer enhances its intratubular penetration and bond strength to irradiated root dentin
    Luana Duart Jordani, Amanda Freitas da Rosa, Luiz Carlos de Lima Dias-Junior, Julia Menezes Savaris, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Luciano Roberto da Silva, Marcio Toshio Umeda Takashima, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas d
    Odontology.2024; 112(3): 917.     CrossRef
  • Effect of the timing of primary endodontic treatment and dosage of radiation therapy on the filling material removal
    Bruna Venzke Fischer, Luiz Carlos de Lima Dias‐Junior, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Cristiane Maria Almeida, Luciano Roberto da Silva, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Lucas da Fonseca Roberti Garcia
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2024; 50(2): 321.     CrossRef
  • Does radiation therapy affect adhesion of tricalcium silicate cements to root dentin?
    Lochan KHULLAR, Nidambur Vasudev BALLAL, Tan Fırat EYÜBOĞLU, Mutlu ÖZCAN
    Journal of Applied Oral Science.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of the timing of radiation therapy on the push‐out strength of resin cement to root dentine
    Patrícia da Agostim Cancelier, Renata Gondo Machado, Júlia Menezes Savaris, Eduardo Antunes Bortoluzzi, Cleonice da Silveira Teixeira, Mariana Comparotto Minamisako, Paulo Marcelo Rodrigues, Vicente Ribeiro Netto, Kamile Leonardi Dutra‐Horstmann, Lucas da
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 122.     CrossRef
  • Influence of irrigation and laser assisted root canal disinfection protocols on dislocation resistance of a bioceramic sealer
    Ivona Bago, Ana Sandrić, Katarina Beljic-Ivanovic, Boris Pažin
    Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2022; 40: 103067.     CrossRef
  • Influence of 2% chlorhexidine on the dislodgement resistance of AH plus, bioroot RCS, and GuttaFlow 2 sealer to dentin and sealer-dentin interface
    Debosmita Roy, Rubi Kataki, Lima Das, Khushboo Jain
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(6): 642.     CrossRef
  • 531 View
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  • 9 Web of Science
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Biological assessment of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer
Francine Benetti, João Eduardo Gomes-Filho, India Olinta de Azevedo-Queiroz, Marina Carminatti, Letícia Citelli Conti, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Sandra Helena Penha de Oliveira, Edilson Ervolino, Elói Dezan-Júnior, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(2):e21.   Published online March 24, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e21
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study compared the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and tenascin immunolabeling of a new ready-to-use hydraulic sealer (Bio-C Sealer) with MTA-Fillapex and white MTA-Angelus.

Materials and Methods

L929 fibroblasts were cultivated and exposed to undiluted and diluted material extracts. Polyethylene tubes with or without (the control) the materials were implanted into the dorsa of rats. At 7 days and 30 days, the rats were euthanized, and the specimens were prepared for analysis; inflammation and immunolabeling were measured, and statistical analysis was performed (p < 0.05).

Results

MTA-Fillapex exhibited greater cytotoxicity than the other materials at all time points (p < 0.05). The undiluted Bio-C Sealer exhibited greater cytocompatibility at 6 and 48 hours than white MTA-Angelus, with higher cell viability than in the control (p < 0.05). White MTA-Angelus displayed higher cell viability than the control at 24 hours, and the one-half dilution displayed similar results at both 6 and 48 hours (p < 0.05). At 7 days and 30 days, the groups exhibited moderate inflammation with thick fibrous capsules and mild inflammation with thin fibrous capsules, respectively (p > 0.05). At 7 days, moderate to strong immunolabeling was observed (p > 0.05). After 30 days, the control and MTA-Fillapex groups exhibited strong immunolabeling, the white MTA-Angelus group exhibited moderate immunolabeling (p > 0.05), and the Bio-C Sealer group exhibited low-to-moderate immunolabeling, differing significantly from the control (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Bio-C Sealer and white MTA-Angelus exhibited greater cytocompatibility than MTA-Fillapex; all materials displayed adequate biocompatibility and induced tenascin immunolabeling.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Clinical and radiographic assessment of mineral trioxide aggregate with platelet rich fibrin as pulp capping biomaterials: a 12-month randomized trial
    Rahma Ahmed Ibrahem Hafiz Abuhashema, Mona El Saied Essa, Shereen Hafez Ibrahim, Omaima Mohamed Safwat
    Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influence of photoactivation on tissue response to different dyes used in photodynamic therapy and laser ablation therapy
    Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, Cristiane Cantiga-Silva, Henrique Augusto Banci, Flávio Duarte Faria, Nathália Evelyn da Silva Machado, Carolina de Barros Morais Cardoso, Pedro Henrique Chaves de Oliveira, Lucas Rodrigues de Araújo Estrela, Gustavo Sivieri
    Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology.2024; 251: 112843.     CrossRef
  • Bleaching effectiveness and cytotoxicity of new experimental formulation of niobium-based bleaching gel
    Camila de Sousa Caneschi, Francine Benetti, Luiz Carlos Alves de Oliveira, Jadson Cláudio Belchior, Raquel Conceição Ferreira, Allyson Nogueira Moreira, Luís Fernando dos Santos Alves Morgan
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(4): 1613.     CrossRef
  • Biological investigation of resinous endodontic sealers containing calcium hydroxide
    Carlos Roberto Emerenciano Bueno, Francine Benetti, Marina Tolomei Sandoval Cury, Ana Maria Veiga Vasques, Leopoldo Cosme-Silva, Índia Olinta de Azevedo Queiroz, Ana Cláudia Rodrigues da Silva, Rogério de Castilho Jacinto, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, E
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(7): e0287890.     CrossRef
  • Tricalcium silicate cement sealers
    Anita Aminoshariae, Carolyn Primus, James C. Kulild
    The Journal of the American Dental Association.2022; 153(8): 750.     CrossRef
  • Comparative evaluation of push-out bond strength of bioceramic and epoxy sealers after using various final irrigants: An in vitro study
    Chandrasekhar Veeramachaneni, Swathi Aravelli, Sreeja Dundigalla
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(2): 145.     CrossRef
  • 718 View
  • 8 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 6 Crossref
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Flow characteristics and alkalinity of novel bioceramic root canal sealers
Anastasios Katakidis, Konstantinos Sidiropoulos, Elisabeth Koulaouzidou, Christos Gogos, Nikolaos Economides
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(4):e42.   Published online August 18, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e42
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objective

This study aimed to examine the physical properties (pH and flow) of 2 novel bioceramic sealers.

Materials and Methods

The tested sealers were a calcium hydroxide sealer (Sealapex) and 2 bioceramic sealers (BioRoot RCS and TotalFill BC Sealer). Flow measurements were conducted according to ISO 6876/2012, with a press method of 0.05 mL of sealer. The pH of fresh samples was tested immediately after manipulation, while set samples were stored for 3 times the recommended setting time. The predetermined time intervals ranged from 3 minutes to 24 hours for fresh samples and from 10 minutes to 7 days and 4 weeks for the set samples. Analysis of variance was performed, with p = 0.05 considered indicating significance.

Results

The mean flow values were 26.99 mm for BioRoot, 28.19 for Sealapex, and 30.8 mm for TotalFill BC Sealer, satisfying the ISO standard. In the set samples, BioRoot RCS had higher pH values at 24 hours to 1 week after immersion in distilled water. At 2 weeks, both bioceramic sealers had similar pH values, greater than that of Sealapex. In the fresh samples, the bioceramic sealers had significantly higher initial pH values than Sealapex (p < 0.05). At 24 hours post-immersion, all sealers showed an alkaline pH, with the highest pH observed for TotalFill.

Conclusions

The TotalFill BC Sealer demonstrated the highest flow. The bioceramic sealers initially presented higher alkaline activity than the polymeric calcium hydroxide sealer. However, at 3 and 4 weeks post-immersion, all sealers had similar pH values.

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Review Article
Calcium silicate-based root canal sealers: a literature review
Miyoung Lim, Chanyong Jung, Dong-Hoon Shin, Yong-bum Cho, Minju Song
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(3):e35.   Published online June 9, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e35
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

Epoxy resin-based sealers are currently widely used, and several studies have considered AH Plus to be the gold-standard sealer. However, it still has limitations, including possible mutagenicity, cytotoxicity, inflammatory response, and hydrophobicity. Drawing upon the advantages of mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium silicate-based sealers were introduced with high levels of biocompatibility and hydrophilicity. Because of the hydrophilic environment in root canals, water resorption and solubility of root canal sealers are important factors contributing to their stability. Sealers displaying lower microleakage and stronger push-out bond strength are also needed to endure the dynamic tooth environment. Although the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers meet International Organization for Standardization recommendations, and they have consistently reported to be biocompatible, they have not overcome conventional resin-based sealers in actual practice. Therefore, further studies aiming to improve the physical properties of calcium silicate-based sealers are needed.

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  • Characterization, Antimicrobial Effects, and Cytocompatibility of a Root Canal Sealer Produced by Pozzolan Reaction between Calcium Hydroxide and Silica
    Mi-Ah Kim, Vinicius Rosa, Prasanna Neelakantan, Yun-Chan Hwang, Kyung-San Min
    Materials.2021; 14(11): 2863.     CrossRef
  • Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Calcium-Silicate Nanobioceramics with Magnesium: Effect of Heat Treatment on Biological, Physical and Chemical Properties
    Konstantina Kazeli, Ioannis Tsamesidis, Anna Theocharidou, Lamprini Malletzidou, Jonathan Rhoades, Georgia K. Pouroutzidou, Eleni Likotrafiti, Konstantinos Chrissafis, Theodoros Lialiaris, Lambrini Papadopoulou, Eleana Kontonasaki, Evgenia Lymperaki
    Ceramics.2021; 4(4): 628.     CrossRef
  • Calcium Silicate Cements vs. Epoxy Resin Based Cements: Narrative Review
    Mario Dioguardi, Cristian Quarta, Diego Sovereto, Giuseppe Troiano, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Maria Bizzoca, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Lucio Lo Russo
    Oral.2021; 1(1): 23.     CrossRef
  • In Vitro Microleakage Evaluation of Bioceramic and Zinc-Eugenol Sealers with Two Obturation Techniques
    Francesco De Angelis, Camillo D’Arcangelo, Matteo Buonvivere, Rachele Argentino, Mirco Vadini
    Coatings.2021; 11(6): 727.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy Of Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers In Root Canal Treatment: A Systematic Review
    Hattan Mohammed Omar Baismail, Mohammed Ghazi Moiser Albalawi, Alaa Mofareh Thoilek Alanazi, Muhannad Atallah Saleem Alatawi, Badr Soliman Alhussain
    Annals of Dental Specialty.2021; 9(1): 87.     CrossRef
  • Apical Sealing Ability of Two Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers Using a Radioactive Isotope Method: An In Vitro Apexification Model
    Inês Raquel Pereira, Catarina Carvalho, Siri Paulo, José Pedro Martinho, Ana Sofia Coelho, Anabela Baptista Paula, Carlos Miguel Marto, Eunice Carrilho, Maria Filomena Botelho, Ana Margarida Abrantes, Manuel Marques Ferreira
    Materials.2021; 14(21): 6456.     CrossRef
  • 3,867 View
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Research Articles
Effect of ultrasonic cleaning on the bond strength of fiber posts in oval canals filled with a premixed bioceramic root canal sealer
Fernando Peña Bengoa, Maria Consuelo Magasich Arze, Cristobal Macchiavello Noguera, Luiz Felipe Nunes Moreira, Augusto Shoji Kato, Carlos Eduardo Da Silveira Bueno
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e19.   Published online February 20, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e19
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objective

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ultrasonic cleaning of the intracanal post space on the bond strength of fiber posts in oval canals filled with a premixed bioceramic (Bio-C Sealer [BIOC]) root canal sealer.

Materials and Methods

Fifty premolars were endodontically prepared and divided into 5 groups (n = 10), based on the type of root canal filling material used and the post space cleaning protocol. A1: gutta-percha + AH Plus (AHP) and post space preparation with ultrasonic cleaning, A2: gutta-percha + BIOC and post space preparation with ultrasonic cleaning, B1: gutta-percha + AHP and post space preparation, B2: gutta-percha + BIOC and post space preparation, C: control group. Fiber posts were cemented with a self-adhesive luting material, and 1 mm thick slices were sectioned from the middle and cervical third to evaluate the remaining filling material microscopically. The samples were subjected to a push-out test to analyze the bond strength of the fiber post, and the results were analyzed with the Shapiro-Wilk, Bonferroni, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney tests (p < 0.05). Failure modes were evaluated using optical microscopy.

Results

The results showed that the fiber posts cemented in canals sealed with BIOC had lower bond strength than those sealed with AHP. The ultrasonic cleaning of the post space improved the bond strength of fiber posts in canals sealed with AHP, but not with BIOC.

Conclusions

BIOC decreased the bond strength of fiber posts in oval canals, regardless of ultrasonic cleaning.

Citations

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  • Cleaning protocols to enhance bond strength of fiberglass posts on root canals filled with bioceramic sealer: an in vitro comparative study
    Thiago Bessa Marconato Antunes, Juliana Delatorre Bronzato, Joice Graciani, Ana Cristina Padilha Janini, Rocharles Cavalcante Fontenele, Francisco Haiter Neto, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes, Marina Angélica Marciano da Silva
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2025; 50(2): e20.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of different mechanical cleaning protocols associated with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite in the removal of residues from the post space
    Matheus Sousa Vitória, Eran Nair Mesquita de Almeida, Antonia Patricia Oliveira Barros, Eliane Cristina Gulin de Oliveira, Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa, Andrea Abi Rached Dantas, Milton Carlos Kuga
    Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(3): 274.     CrossRef
  • Fiber post cemented using different adhesive strategies to root canal dentin obturated with calcium silicate-based sealer
    Lalita Patthanawijit, Kallaya Yanpiset, Pipop Saikaew, Jeeraphat Jantarat
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of endodontic sealers on push-out bond strength of CAD-CAM or prefabricated fiber glass posts
    Andréa Pereira de Souza PINTO, Fabiana Mantovani Gomes FRANÇA, Roberta Tarkany BASTING, Cecilia Pedroso TURSSI, José Joatan RODRIGUES JÚNIOR, Flávia Lucisano Botelho AMARAL
    Brazilian Oral Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of mechanical cleaning protocols in the fiber post space on the adhesive interface between universal adhesive and root dentin
    Gabriela Mariana Castro‐Núnez, José Rodolfo Estruc Verbicário dos Santos, Joissi Ferrari Zaniboni, Wilfredo Gustavo Escalante‐Otárola, Thiago Soares Porto, Milton Carlos Kuga
    Microscopy Research and Technique.2022; 85(6): 2131.     CrossRef
  • Effect of bioceramic root canal sealers on the bond strength of fiber posts cemented with resin cements
    Rafael Nesello, Isadora Ames Silva, Igor Abreu De Bem, Karolina Bischoff, Matheus Albino Souza, Marcus Vinícius Reis Só, Ricardo Abreu Da Rosa
    Brazilian Dental Journal.2022; 33(2): 91.     CrossRef
  • Effect of irrigation protocols on root canal wall after post preparation: a micro-CT and microhardness study
    Camila Maria Peres de Rosatto, Danilo Cassiano Ferraz, Lilian Vieira Oliveira, Priscilla Barbosa Ferreira Soares, Carlos José Soares, Mario Tanomaru Filho, Camilla Christian Gomes Moura
    Brazilian Oral Research.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 672 View
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  • 7 Crossref
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A micro-computed tomographic evaluation of root canal filling with a single gutta-percha cone and calcium silicate sealer
Jong Cheon Kim, Maung Maung Kyaw Moe, Sung Kyo Kim
Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e18.   Published online February 12, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e18
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the void of root canal filling over time when a calcium silicate sealer was used in the single gutta-percha cone technique.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-four J-shaped simulated root canals and twenty-four palatal root canals from extracted human maxillary molars were instrumented with ProFile Ni-Ti rotary instruments up to size 35/0.06 or size 40/0.06, respectively. Half of the canals were filled with Endoseal MTA and the other half were with AH Plus Jet using the single gutta-percha cone technique. Immediately after and 4 weeks after the root canal filling, the samples were scanned using micro-computed tomography at a resolution of 12.8 μm. The scanned images were reconstructed using the NRecon software and the void percentages were calculated using the CTan software, and statistically analyzed by 1-way analysis of variance, paired t-test and Tukey post hoc test.

Results

After 4 weeks, there were no significant changes in the void percentages at all levels in both material groups (p > 0.05), except at the apical level of the AH Plus Jet group (p < 0.05) in the simulated root canal showing more void percentage compared to other groups. Immediately after filling the extracted human root canals, the Endoseal MTA group showed significantly less void percentage compared to the AH Plus Jet group (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

Under the limitations of this study, the Endoseal MTA does not seem to reduce the voids over time.

Citations

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  • Evaluation of various obturation techniques with bioceramic sealers in 3D-printed C-shaped canals
    Maryam Gharechahi, Melika Hoseinzadeh, Saeed Moradi, Mina Mehrjouei
    BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Comparison of obturation quality in natural and replica teeth root-filled using different sealers and techniques
    Chuta Kooanantkul, Richard M Shelton, Josette Camilleri
    Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(5): 2407.     CrossRef
  • Obturation canalaire
    N. Linas, M.-L. Munoz-Sanchez, N. Decerle, P.-Y. Cousson
    EMC - Médecine buccale.2023; 16(5): 1.     CrossRef
  • The Effect of Sealer Application Methods on Voids Volume after Aging of Three Calcium Silicate-Based Sealers: A Micro-Computed Tomography Study
    Amre R. Atmeh, Rakan Alharbi, Ibrahim Aljamaan, Abdulrahman Alahmari, Ashwin C. Shetty, Ahmed Jamleh, Imran Farooq
    Tomography.2022; 8(2): 778.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Efficacy of Sealer-based Obturation Using Calcium Silicate Sealers: A Randomized Clinical Trial
    Ji-hyung Kim, Sin-Yeon Cho, Yoonwoo Choi, Do-hyun Kim, Su-Jung Shin, Il-Young Jung
    Journal of Endodontics.2022; 48(2): 144.     CrossRef
  • A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study root canal fillings
    Gustavo De‐Deus, Erick Miranda Souza, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal Silva, Felipe Gonçalves Belladonna, Marco Simões‐Carvalho, Daniele Moreira Cavalcante, Marco Aurélio Versiani
    International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S2): 384.     CrossRef
  • Calcium Silicate Cements vs. Epoxy Resin Based Cements: Narrative Review
    Mario Dioguardi, Cristian Quarta, Diego Sovereto, Giuseppe Troiano, Khrystyna Zhurakivska, Maria Bizzoca, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Lucio Lo Russo
    Oral.2021; 1(1): 23.     CrossRef
  • Physico-Chemical Properties of Calcium-Silicate vs. Resin Based Sealers—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Laboratory-Based Studies
    Viresh Chopra, Graham Davis, Aylin Baysan
    Materials.2021; 15(1): 229.     CrossRef
  • Micro-computed tomography in preventive and restorative dental research: A review
    Mehrsima Ghavami-Lahiji, Reza Tayefeh Davalloo, Gelareh Tajziehchi, Paria Shams
    Imaging Science in Dentistry.2021; 51(4): 341.     CrossRef
  • Main and Accessory Canal Filling Quality of a Premixed Calcium Silicate Endodontic Sealer According to Different Obturation Techniques
    Su-Yeon Ko, Hae Won Choi, E-Deun Jeong, Vinicius Rosa, Yun-Chan Hwang, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min
    Materials.2020; 13(19): 4389.     CrossRef
  • 507 View
  • 5 Download
  • 10 Crossref
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A micro-computed tomographic study of remaining filling materials of two bioceramic sealers and epoxy resin sealer after retreatment
KyungJae Kim, Da Vin Kim, Sin-Young Kim, SungEun Yang
Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(2):e18.   Published online April 26, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e18
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objective

This study evaluated the presence of residual root canal filling material after retreatment using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).

Materials and Methods

Extracted human teeth (single- and double-rooted, n = 21/each; C-shaped, n = 15) were prepared with ProFile and randomly assigned to three subgroups for obturation with gutta-percha and three different sealers (EndoSeal MTA, EndoSequence BC sealer, and AH Plus). After 10 days, the filling material was removed and the root canals were instrumented one size up from the previous master apical file size. The teeth were scanned using micro-CT before and after retreatment. The percentage of remaining filling material after retreatment was calculated at the coronal, middle, and apical thirds. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test with Bonferroni post hoc correction.

Results

The tested sealers showed no significant differences in the percentage of remaining filling material in single- and double-rooted teeth, although EndoSeal MTA showed the highest value in C-shaped roots (p < 0.05). The percentage of remaining filling material of AH Plus and EndoSeal MTA was significantly higher in C-shaped roots than in single- or double-roots (p < 0.05), while that of BC sealer was similar across all root types. EndoSeal MTA showed the highest values at the apical thirds of single- and double-roots (p < 0.05); otherwise, no significant differences were observed among the coronal, middle, and apical thirds.

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, a large amount of EndoSeal MTA remained after retreatment, especially in C-shaped root canals.

Citations

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    Sebastián Uribe, Ahmed Alalou, Mario E. Cordero, Muthanna Al‐Dahhan
    The Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering.2025; 103(6): 2918.     CrossRef
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    M Sarı, K Yılmaz
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    Meltem Sümbüllü, Afzal Ali, Mine Büker, Hakan Arslan
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(S1): 238.     CrossRef
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    Rahaf A. Almohareb, Reem M. Barakat, Noor Aljarallah, Halah Mudhish, Amjaad Almutairi, Fahda N. Algahtani
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2023; 49(2): 318.     CrossRef
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    BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Daniele Angerame, Matteo De Biasi, Davide Porrelli, Lorenzo Bevilacqua, Riccardo Zanin, Matteo Olivi, Vassilios Kaitsas, Giovanni Olivi
    Australian Endodontic Journal.2022; 48(3): 415.     CrossRef
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    Mahdi A. Ajina, Pratik K. Shah, Bun San Chong
    International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S1): 119.     CrossRef
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    International Journal of Dentistry.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
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    Fernanda Ferrari Esteves Torres, Reinhilde Jacobs, Mostafa EzEldeen, Karla de Faria-Vasconcelos, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Bernardo Camargo dos Santos, Mário Tanomaru-Filho
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Gabrijela Kapetanović Petričević, Marko Katić, Valentina Brzović Rajić, Ivica Anić, Ivona Bago
    Bioengineering.2022; 9(12): 820.     CrossRef
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    Sumit Sharma, Ramya Raghu, Ashish Shetty, Subhashini Rajasekhara, Harika Lakshmisetty, G. Bharath
    Endodontology.2022; 34(3): 173.     CrossRef
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    E. V. Chestnyh, I. O. Larichkin, M. V. Iusufova, D. I. Oreshkina, E. I. Oreshkina, V. S. Minakova, S. V. Plekhanova
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    Buvaneshwari Arul, Aswathi Varghese, Anisha Mishra, Subashini Elango, Sairathna Padmanaban, Velmurugan Natanasabapathy
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    David Colmenar, Tenzin Tamula, Qiang Zhu, Chul Ahn, Carolyn Primus, Takashi Komabayashi
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    Hye-Ryeon Jin, Young-Eun Jang, Yemi Kim
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    M. Garrib, J. Camilleri
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Bacterial leakage and micro-computed tomography evaluation in round-shaped canals obturated with bioceramic cone and sealer using matched single cone technique
Kallaya Yanpiset, Danuchit Banomyong, Kanet Chotvorrarak, Ratchapin Laovanitch Srisatjaluk
Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(3):e30.   Published online July 5, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e30
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

To evaluate sealing ability of root canals obturated with bioceramic-impregnated gutta percha cone (BCC) or gutta percha (GP), with bioceramic sealer (BCS) or AH Plus (AH; Dentsply-Maillefer), in roundly-prepared canals using matched single-cone technique, based on bacterial leakage test, and to analyze obturation quality using micro-computed tomography (CT) analysis.

Materials and Methods

Ninety-two distobuccal roots of maxillary molars were prepared using nickel-titanium files to apical size 40/0.06. The roots were divided into 4 groups (n = 20) that were obturated with a master cone and sealer: GP/AH, BCC/AH, GP/BCS, and BCC/BCS. Bacterial leakage model using Enterococcus faecalis was used to evaluate sealing ability for 60-day period. Obturated samples from each group (n = 4) were analyzed using micro-CT.

Results

All groups showed bacterial leakage at 20%–45% of samples with mean leakage times of 42–52 days. There were no significant differences in bacterial leakage among the groups. Micro-CT showed minimal gaps and voids in all groups at less than 1%.

Conclusions

In roundly-prepared canals, the single cone obturation with BCC/BCS was comparable to GP/AH for bacterial leakage at 60 days.

Citations

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    Zahraa Khalil Alani, Manal Hussain Abd-alla
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Close layer
Retreatability of two endodontic sealers, EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus: a micro-computed tomographic comparison
Enrique Oltra, Timothy C. Cox, Matthew R. LaCourse, James D. Johnson, Avina Paranjpe
Restor Dent Endod 2017;42(1):19-26.   Published online December 8, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2017.42.1.19
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

Recently, bioceramic sealers like EndoSequence BC Sealer (BC Sealer) have been introduced and are being used in endodontic practice. However, this sealer has limited research related to its retreatability. Hence, the aim of this study was to evaluate the retreatability of two sealers, BC Sealer as compared with AH Plus using micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis.

Materials and Methods

Fifty-six extracted human maxillary incisors were instrumented and randomly divided into 4 groups of 14 teeth: 1A, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated with chloroform; 1B, gutta-percha, AH Plus retreated without chloroform; 2A, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated with chloroform; 2B, gutta-percha, EndoSequence BC Sealer retreated without chloroform. Micro-CT scans were taken before and after obturation and retreatment and analyzed for the volume of residual material. The specimens were longitudinally sectioned and digitized images were taken with the dental operating microscope. Data was analyzed using an ANOVA and a post-hoc Tukey test. Fisher exact tests were performed to analyze the ability to regain patency.

Results

There was significantly less residual root canal filling material in the AH Plus groups retreated with chloroform as compared to the others. The BC Sealer samples retreated with chloroform had better results than those retreated without chloroform. Furthermore, patency could be re-established in only 14% of teeth in the BC Sealer without chloroform group.

Conclusion

The results of this study demonstrate that the BC Sealer group had significantly more residual filling material than the AH Plus group regardless of whether or not both sealers were retreated with chloroform.

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Close layer
In vitro evaluation of a newly produced resin-based endodontic sealer
Yoo-Seok Song, Yoorina Choi, Myung-Jin Lim, Mi-Kyung Yu, Chan-Ui Hong, Kwang-Won Lee, Kyung-San Min
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(3):189-195.   Published online July 26, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.3.189
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

A variety of root canal sealers were recently launched to the market. This study evaluated physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and sealing ability of a newly launched resin-based sealer (Dia-Proseal, Diadent) compared to the existing root canal sealers (AHplus, Dentsply DeTrey and ADseal, Metabiomed).

Materials and Methods

The physicochemical properties of the tested sealers including pH, solubility, dimensional change, and radiopacity were evaluated. Biocompatibility was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. For microleakage test, single-rooted teeth were instrumented, and obturated with gutta-percha and one of the sealers (n = 10). After immersion in 1% methylene blue solution for 2 weeks, the specimens were split longitudinally. Then, the maximum length of staining was measured. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey test (p = 0.05).

Results

Dia-Proseal showed the highest pH value among the tested sealers (p < 0.05). ADseal showed higher dimensional change compared to AHplus and Dia-Proseal (p < 0.05). The solubility values of AHplus and Dia-Proseal were similar, whereas ADseal had the lowest solubility value (p < 0.05). The flow values of sealer in increasing order were AHplus, DiaProseal, and ADseal (p < 0.05). The radiopacity of AHplus was higher than those of ADseal and Dia-Proseal (p < 0.05). The cell viability of the tested materials was statistically similar throughout the experimental period. There were no significant differences in microleakage values among the tested samples.

Conclusions

The present study indicates that Dia-Proseal has acceptable physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and sealing ability.

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Push-out bond strength and dentinal tubule penetration of different root canal sealers used with coated core materials
Derya Deniz Sungur, Nuhan Purali, Erdal Coşgun, Semra Calt
Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(2):114-120.   Published online May 4, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.2.114
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The aim of this study was to compare the push-out bond strength and dentinal tubule penetration of root canal sealers used with coated core materials and conventional gutta-percha.

Materials and Methods

A total of 72 single-rooted human mandibular incisors were instrumented with NiTi rotary files with irrigation of 2.5% NaOCl. The smear layer was removed with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Specimens were assigned into four groups according to the obturation system: Group 1, EndoRez (Ultradent Product Inc.); Group 2, Activ GP (Brasseler); Group 3, SmartSeal (DFRP Ltd. Villa Farm); Group 4, AH 26 (Dentsply de Trey)/gutta-percha (GP). For push-out bond strength measurement, two horizontal slices were obtained from each specimen (n = 20). To compare dentinal tubule penetration, remaining 32 roots assigned to 4 groups as above were obturated with 0.1% Rhodamine B labeled sealers. One horizontal slice was obtained from the middle third of each specimen (n = 8) and scanned under confocal laser scanning electron microscope. Tubule penetration area, depth, and percentage were measured. Kruskall-Wallis test was used for statistical analysis.

Results

EndoRez showed significantly lower push-out bond strength than the others (p < 0.05). No significant difference was found amongst the groups in terms of percentage of sealer penetration. SmartSeal showed the least penetration than the others (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The bond strength and sealer penetration of resin-and glass ionomer-based sealers used with coated core was not superior to resin-based sealer used with conventional GP. Dentinal tubule penetration has limited effect on bond strength. The use of conventional GP with sealer seems to be sufficient in terms of push-out bond strength.

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In vitro cytotoxicity of four calcium silicate-based endodontic cements on human monocytes, a colorimetric MTT assay
Sedigheh Khedmat, Somayyeh Dehghan, Jamshid Hadjati, Farimah Masoumi, Mohammad Hossein Nekoofar, Paul Michael Howell Dummer
Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(3):149-154.   Published online April 30, 2014
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.3.149
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

This study was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four calcium silicate-based endodontic cements at different storage times after mixing.

Materials and Methods

Capillary tubes were filled with Biodentine (Septodont), Calcium Enriched Mixture (CEM cement, BioniqueDent), Tech Biosealer Endo (Tech Biosealer) and ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental). Empty tubes and tubes containing Dycal were used as negative and positive control groups respectively. Filled capillary tubes were kept in 0.2 mL microtubes and incubated at 37℃. Each material was divided into 3 groups for testing at intervals of 24 hr, 7 day and 28 day after mixing. Human monocytes were isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cocultered with 24 hr, 7 day and 28 day samples of different materials for 24 and 48 hr. Cell viability was evaluated using an MTT assay.

Results

In all groups, the viability of monocytes significantly improved with increasing storage time regardless of the incubation time (p < 0.001). After 24 hr of incubation, there was no significant difference between the materials regarding monocyte viability. However, at 48 hr of incubation, ProRoot MTA and Biodentine were less cytotoxic than CEM cement and Biosealer (p < 0.01).

Conclusions

Biodentine and ProRoot MTA had similar biocompatibility. Mixing ProRoot MTA with PBS in place of distilled water had no effect on its biocompatibility. Biosealer and CEM cement after 48 hr of incubation were significantly more cytotoxic to on monocyte cells compared to ProRoot MTA and Biodentine.

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A comparative evaluation of cytotoxicity of root canal sealers: an in vitro study
Gautam Pyarelal Badole, Manjusha Madhukar Warhadpande, Ganesh Kothiramji Meshram, Rakesh Namdeoraoji Bahadure, Shubha Gopal Tawani, Gopal Tawani, Shital Gautam Badole
Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(4):204-209.   Published online November 12, 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.4.204
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
Objectives

The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the cytotoxicity of four different root canal sealers i.e. Apexit Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent), Endomethasone N (Septodont), AH-26 (Dentsply) and Pulpdent Root Canal Sealer (Pulpdent), on a mouse fibroblast cell line (L929).

Materials and Methods

Thirty two discs for each sealer (5 mm in diameter and 2 mm in height) were fabricated in Teflon mould. The sealer extraction was made in cell culture medium (Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's Medium, DMEM) using the ratio 1.25 cm2/mL between the surface of the sealer samples and the volume of medium in a shaker incubator. Extraction of each sealer was obtained at 24 hr, 7th day, 14th day, and one month of interval. These extracts were incubated with L929 cell line and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was done. Two-way ANOVA for interaction effects between sealer and time and Post-hoc multiple comparison using Tukey's test across all the 16 different groups were used for statistical analysis.

Results

Apexit Plus root canal sealer was significantly less toxic than other sealers (p < 0.05) and showed higher cellular growth than control. Endomethasone N showed mild cytotoxicity. AH-26 showed severe toxicity which became mild after one month while Pulpdent Root Canal Sealer showed severe to moderate toxicity.

Conclusions

Apexit Plus was relatively biocompatible sealer as compared to other three sealers which were cytotoxic at their initial stages, however, they became biocompatible with time.

Citations

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Original Articles
A comparative study on radiopacity of root canal sealers
Tae-Min Kim, Seo-Kyoung Kim, In-Nam Hwang, Yun-Chan Hwang, Byung-Cheol Kang, Suk-Ja Yoon, Jae-Seo Lee, Won-Mann Oh
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(1):61-68.   Published online January 31, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.1.061
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

This study was performed to assess the radiopacity of a variety of root canal sealers according to the specification concerning root canal sealers.

Ten materials including Tubli-Seal™, Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer™, AH 26®, AH plus®, AH plus jet™, Ad sea l™, Sealapex™, NOGENOL™, ZOB seal™, Epiphany™ and dentin were evaluated in this study. In the first part, densitometric reading of an each step of aluminum step wedge on occlusal film was performed at different voltage and exposure time. In the second part, ten specimens were radiographed simultaneously with an aluminum step wedges on the occlusal films under decided condition. The mean radiographic den sity values of the materials were transformed into radiopacity expressed equivalent thickness of aluminum (mm Al).

The following results were obtained.

1. Among the various conditions, the appropriate voltage and exposure time that meet the requirement density was 60 kVp at 0.2 s

2. All of the materials had greater radiopacity than 3 mm Al requirement of ANSI/ADA specification No. 57 (2000) and ISO No. 6876 (2001) standards.

3. The radiopacity of materials increased as thickness of materials increased.

4. The mm Al value of each specimen at 1mm in thickness has a significant difference in the statistics.

It suggests that root canal sealers have a sufficient radiopacity that meet the requirement.

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  • Evaluation of radiopacity and discriminability of various fiber reinforced composite posts
    Eun-Hye Lee, Hang-Moon Choi, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(3): 188.     CrossRef
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Microleakage of resilon by methacrylate-based sealer and self-adhesive resin cement
Sun-Young Ham, Jin-Woo Kim, Hye-Jin Shin, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(3):204-212.   Published online May 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.204
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to compare the apical microleakage in root canal filled with Resilon by methacrylate-based root canal sealer or 2 different self-adhesive resin cements. Seventy single-rooted extracted human teeth were sectioned at the CEJ perpendicular to the long axis of the roots with diamond disk. Canal preparation was performed with crown-down technique using Profile NiTi rotary instruments and GG drill. Each canal was prepared to ISO size 40, .04 taper and 1 mm short from the apex. The prepared roots were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups of 15 roots each and 5 roots each for positive and negative control group. The root canals were filled by lateral condensation as follows. Group 1: Guttapercha with AH-26, Group 2: Resilon with RealSeal primer & sealer, Group 3: Resilon with Rely-X Unicem, Group 4: Resilon with BisCem. After stored in 37℃, 100% humidity chamber for 7 days, the roots were coated with 2 layers of nail varnish except apical 3 mm. The roots were then immersed in 1% methylene blue dye for 7 days. Apical microleakage was measured by a maximum length of linear dye penetration after roots were separated longitudinally. One way ANOVA and Scheffe's post-hoc test were performed for statistical analysis. Group 1 showed the least apical leakage and there was no statistical significance between Group 2, 3, 4. According to the results, the self adhesive resin cement is possible to use as sealer instead of primer & sealant when root canal filled by Resilon.

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Microleakage of resilon: Effects of several self-etching primer
Jong-Hyeon O, Se-Hee Park, Hye-Jin Shin, Kyung-Mo Cho, Jin-Woo Kim
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(2):133-140.   Published online March 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.133
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to compare the apical microleakage in root canal filled with Resilon by several self-etching primers and methacrylate-based root canal sealer. Seventy single-rooted human teeth were used in this study. The canals were instrumented by a crown-down manner with Gate-Glidden drills and .04 Taper Profile to ISO #40. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups of 15 teeth each according to root canal filling material and self-etching primers and two control groups (positive and negative) of 5 teeth each as follows: group 1 - gutta percha and AH26® sealer; group 2 - Resilon, RealSeal™ primer and RealSeal™ sealer; group 3 - Resilon, Clearfil SE Bond® primer and RealSeal™ sealer group 4 - Resilon, AdheSe® primer and RealSeal™ sealer. Apical leakage was measured by a maximum length of linear dye penetration of roots sectioned longitudinally by diamond disk. Statistical analysis was performed using the One-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe's test. There were no statistical differences in the mean apical dye penetration among the groups 2, 3 and 4 of self-etching primers. And group 1, 2 and 3 had also no statistical difference in apical dye penetration. But, there was statistical difference between group 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). The group 1 showed the least dye penetration. According to the results of this study, Resilon with self-etching primer was not sealed root canal better than gutta precha with AH26® at sealing root canals. And there was no significant difference in apical leakage among the three self-etching primers.

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Effect of irrigation methods on the adhesion of Resilon/Epiphany sealer and gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer to intracanal dentin
Seo-Kyong Kim, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(2):98-106.   Published online March 31, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.098
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether intracanal irrigation method could affect the adhesion between intracanal dentin and root canal filling materials (Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer and Resilon/Epiphany sealer).

Thirty extracted human incisor teeth were prepared. Canals were irrigated with three different irrigation methods as a final rinse and obturated with two different canal filling materials (G groups : Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer, R groups : Resilon/Epiphany sealer) respectively.

Group G1, R1 - irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl

Group G2, R2 - irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl, sterile saline

Group G3, R3 - irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, sterile saline

Thirty obturated roots were horizontally sliced and push-out bond strength test was performed in the universal testing machine. After test, the failure patterns of the specimens were observed using Image-analyzing microscope.

The results were as follows.

Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer groups had significantly higher push-out bond strength compared with the Resilon/Epiphany sealer groups (p < 0.05).

Push-out bond strength was higher when using 17% EDTA followed by sterile saline than using NaOCl as a final irrigation solution in the Resilon/Epiphany sealer groups (p < 0.05).

In the failure pattern analysis, there was no cohesive failure in Group G1, G2, and R1. Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer groups appeared to exhibit predominantly adhesive and mixed failure patterns, whereas Resilon/Epiphany sealer groups exhibited mixed failures with the cohesive failure occurred within the Resilon substrate.

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Evaluation of the radiopacity and cytotoxicity of resinous root canal sealers
Chang-Kyu Kim, Hyun-Wook Ryu, Hoon-Sang Chang, Byung-Do Lee, Kyung-San Min, Chan-Ui Hong
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(5):419-425.   Published online September 30, 2007
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.5.419
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity and cytotoxicity of three resin-based (AH 26, EZ fill and AD Seal), a zinc oxide-eugenol-based (ZOB Seal), and a calcium hydroxide-based (Sealapex) root canal sealers. Specimens, 10 mm in diameter and 1 mm in thickness, were radiographed simultaneously with an aluminum step wedge using occlusal films, according to ISO 6876/2001 standards. Radiographs were digitized, and the radiopacity of sealers was compared to the different thicknesses of the aluminum step wedge, using the Scion image software. Using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, the cytotoxicity of each material was determined in immortalized human periodontal ligament (IPDL) cells.

The results demonstrated that EZ fill was the most radiopaque sealer, while Sealapex was the least radiopaque (p < 0.05). AH 26, AD Seal and ZOB Seal presented intermediate radiopacity values. All the materials evaluated, except for Sealapex, presented the minimum radiopacity required by ISO standards. The cell viabilities of resin-based root canal sealers were statistically higher than that of other type of root canal sealers through the all experimental time. Further, EZ fill showed statistically lower cell viability in 24 and 48 hours compared to AD Seal and in 72 hours compared to all other resin-based root canal sealers. However, there was no correlation between the radiopacity and cytotoxicity of three resin-based root canals sealers (p > 0.05).

These results indicate that resin-based root canal sealer is more biocompatible and has advantage in terms of radiopacity.

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    Sakshi Tyagi, Ekta Choudhary, Rajat Chauhan, Ashish Choudhary
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  • Evaluation of softening ability of Xylene & Endosolv-R on three different epoxy resin based sealers within 1 to 2 minutes - anin vitrostudy
    Pratima Ramakrishna Shenoi, Gautam Pyarelal Badole, Rajiv Tarachand Khode
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  • A comparative evaluation of cytotoxicity of root canal sealers: anin vitrostudy
    Gautam Pyarelal Badole, Manjusha Madhukar Warhadpande, Ganesh Kothiramji Meshram, Rakesh Namdeoraoji Bahadure, Shubha Gopal Tawani, Gopal Tawani, Shital Gautam Badole
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(4): 204.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of radiopacity and discriminability of various fiber reinforced composite posts
    Eun-Hye Lee, Hang-Moon Choi, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(3): 188.     CrossRef
  • A comparative study on radiopacity of root canal sealers
    Tae-Min Kim, Seo-Kyoung Kim, In-Nam Hwang, Yun-Chan Hwang, Byung-Cheol Kang, Suk-Ja Yoon, Jae-Seo Lee, Won-Mann Oh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(1): 61.     CrossRef
  • A comparative study on radiopacity of canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials
    Yong-Sang Kim, Seo-Kyong Kim, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(2): 107.     CrossRef
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The influence of AH-26 and zinc oxide-eugenol root canal sealer on the shear bond strength of composite resin to dentin
Ju-Yeon Cho, Myoung-Uk Jin, Young-Kyung Kim, Sung Kyo Kim
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(3):147-152.   Published online May 31, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.3.147
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of the AH-26 root canal sealer on the shear bond strength of composite resin to dentin.

One hundred and forty four (144) extracted, sound human molars were used. After embedding in a cylindrical mold, the occlusal part of the anatomical crown was cut away and trimmed in order to create a flat dentin surface. The teeth were randomly divided into three groups; the AH-26 sealer was applied to the AH-26 group, and zinc-oxide eugenol (ZOE) paste was applied to the ZOE group. The dentin surface of the control group did not receive any sealer.

A mount jig was placed against the surface of the teeth and the One-step dentin bonding agent was applied after acid etching. Charisma composite resin was packed into the mold and light cured. After polymerization, the alignment tube and mold were removed and the specimens were placed in distilled water at 37℃ for twenty four hours. The shear bond strength was measured by an Instron testing machine. The data for each group were subjected to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's studentized rank test so as to make comparisons between the groups.

The AH-26 group and the control group showed significantly higher shear bond strength than the ZOE group (p < 0.05).

There were no significant differences between the AH-26 group and the control one (p > 0.05).

Under the conditions of this study, the AH-26 root canal sealer did not seem to affect the shear bond strength of the composite resin to dentin while the ZOE sealer did. Therefore, there may be no decrease in bond strength when the composite resin core is built up immediately after a canal filling with AH-26 as a root canal sealer.

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  • Is Zinc Oxide Eugenol Cement Still Impeding the Use of Resin-based Restoration? A Systematic Review
    Fawaz Pullishery, Hajer Ayed Alhejoury, Mohammed Turkistani, Yasser Refay Souror
    Dentistry and Medical Research.2021; 9(2): 59.     CrossRef
  • A comparative evaluation of removal of gutta percha using two retreatment file system: An in vitro study
    Shruthi Mary Sunil, Balakrishnan Rajkumar, Vishesh Gupta, Akanksha Bhatt, Pragyan Paliwal
    IP Indian Journal of Conservative and Endodontics.2020; 5(2): 53.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of softening ability of Xylene & Endosolv-R on three different epoxy resin based sealers within 1 to 2 minutes - anin vitrostudy
    Pratima Ramakrishna Shenoi, Gautam Pyarelal Badole, Rajiv Tarachand Khode
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(1): 17.     CrossRef
  • Influence of Sodium Ascorbate on Microtensile Bond Strengths to Pulp Chamber Dentin treated with NaOCl
    Soo-Yeon Jeon, Kwang-Won Lee, Mi-Kyung Yu
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 545.     CrossRef
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Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of newly developed calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers
Hee-Jung Kim, Seung-Ho Baek, Kwang-Shik Bae
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(1):36-49.   Published online January 31, 2006
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.1.036
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity by MTT test and genotoxicity by Ames test of new calcium phosphate-based root canal sealers (CAPSEAL I, CAPSEAL II) with commercially available resin-based sealers (AH 26, AH Plus), zinc oxide eugenol-based sealers (Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT), calcium hydroxide-based sealer (Sealapex), and tricalcium phosphate based sealers (Sankin Apatite Root Canal Sealer I, II, III).

According to this study, the results were as follows:

The extracts of freshly mixed group showed higher toxicity than those of 24 h set group in MTT assay (p < 0.001).

CAPSEAL I and CAPSEAL II were less cytotoxic than AH 26, AH Plus, Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, Sealapex and SARCS II in freshly mixed group (p < 0.01).

AH 26 in freshly mixed group showed mutagenicity to TA98 and TA100 with and without S9 mix and AH Plus extracts also were mutagenic to TA100 with and without S9 mix.

Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT and Sealapex in freshly mixed group were mutagenic to TA100 with S9 mix.

Among those of 24 h set groups, the extracts of SARCS II were mutagenic to TA98 with and without S9 mix and AH 26 showed mutagenic effects to TA98 with S9 mix.

No mutagenic effect of CAPSEAL I and CAPSEAL II was detected.

There is no statistically significant difference between CAPSEAL I and CAPSEAL II at MTT assay and Ames test in both freshly mixed group and 24 h set group.

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    Sedigheh Khedmat, Somayyeh Dehghan, Jamshid Hadjati, Farimah Masoumi, Mohammad Hossein Nekoofar, Paul Michael Howell Dummer
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(3): 149.     CrossRef
  • A comparative evaluation of cytotoxicity of root canal sealers: anin vitrostudy
    Gautam Pyarelal Badole, Manjusha Madhukar Warhadpande, Ganesh Kothiramji Meshram, Rakesh Namdeoraoji Bahadure, Shubha Gopal Tawani, Gopal Tawani, Shital Gautam Badole
    Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(4): 204.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of biocompatibility of four root perforation repair materials
    Min-Kyung Kang, In-Ho Bae, Jeong-Tae Koh, Yun-Chan Hwang, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(3): 192.     CrossRef
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Cytotoxicity of resin-based root canal sealer, adseal
Hee-Jung Kim, Seung-Ho Baek, Woo-Cheol Lee, Han-Soo Park, Kwang-Shik Bae
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2004;29(6):498-503.   Published online November 30, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.6.498
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

The properties of ideal root canal sealers include the ability of sealing the total root canal system and no toxic effects to periradicular tissues. Cytotoxicity test using cell culture is a common screening method for evaluation of the biocompatibility of root canal sealers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of newly developed resin-based sealer (Adseal 1, 2, and 3) comparing with those commercial resin-based sealers (AH26 and AH Plus), ZOE-based sealers (Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT) and calcium hydroxide based sealer (Sealapex). An indirect contact test of cytotoxicity by agar diffusion was performed according to the international standard ISO 10993-5. L929 fibroblast cells were incubated at 37℃ in humidified 5% CO2-containing air atmosphere. The freshly mixed test materials were inserted into glass rings of internal diameter 5 mm and height 5 mm placed on the agar. After the 24 hrs incubation period, the decolorization zones around the test materials were assessed using an inverted microscope with a calibrated screen. A Decolorization Index was determined for each specimen. Adseal 1, 2, and 3 did not exert any cytotoxic effects, whereas AH26, AH Plus, Tubliseal EWT, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, and Sealapex produced mild cytotoxicity.

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    Mehdi Dastorani, Mohammad Reza Babaie, Babak Farzaneh, Atousa Haghdoost
    The Saudi Dental Journal.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Cytotoxicity Comparison of Sure-seal root and Adseal Sealers on mouse fibroblast Cells:Invitro study
    Azam haddadikohsar, Mohammad shokrzade, Marjan Fallah, Fatemeh Shakeri
    journal of research in dental sciences.2024; 21(1): 46.     CrossRef
  • Antimicrobial efficacy of Kerr pulp canal sealer (EWT) in combination with 10% amoxicillin on Enterococcus faecalis: A confocal laser scanning microscopic study
    Madhureema De Sarkar, Kundabala Mala, Suchitra Shenoy Mala, Shama Prasada Kabekkodu, Srikant Natarajan, Neeta Shetty, Priyanka Madhav Kamath, Manuel Thomas
    F1000Research.2023; 12: 725.     CrossRef
  • Antimicrobial efficacy of Kerr pulp canal sealer (EWT) in combination with 10% amoxicillin on Enterococcus faecalis: A confocal laser scanning microscopic study
    Madhureema De Sarkar, Kundabala Mala, Suchitra Shenoy Mala, Shama Prasada Kabekkodu, Srikant Natarajan, Neeta Shetty, Priyanka Madhav Kamath, Manuel Thomas
    F1000Research.2023; 12: 725.     CrossRef
  • Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity of Epoxy Resin-Based Root Canal Sealers before and after Setting Procedures
    Mijoo Kim, Marc Hayashi, Bo Yu, Thomas K. Lee, Reuben H. Kim, Deuk-won Jo
    Life.2022; 12(6): 847.     CrossRef
  • Biocompatibility and Bioactivity of Four Different Root Canal Sealers in Osteoblastic Cell Line MC3T3-El
    Nu-Ri Jun, Sun-Kyung Lee, Sang-Im Lee
    Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2021; 21(4): 243.     CrossRef
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Influence of plugger penetration depth on the apical extrusion of root canal sealer in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique
Ho-Young So, Young-Mi Lee, Kwang-Keun Kim, Ki-Ok Kim, Young-Kyung Kim, Sung-Kyo Kim
J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2004;29(5):439-445.   Published online January 14, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.5.439
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of plugger penetration depth on the apical extrusion of root canal sealer during root canal obturation with Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique.

Root canals of forty extracted human teeth were divided into four groups and were prepared up to size 40 of 0.06 taper with ProFile. After drying, canals of three groups were filled with Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique with System B™ and different plugger penetration depths of 3, 5, and 7 mm from the apex. Canals of one group were filled with cold lateral compaction technique as a control. Canals were filled with non-standardized master gutta-percha cones and 0.02 mL of Sealapex. Apical extruded sealer was collected in a container and weighed. Data was analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. 3 and 5 mm penetration depth groups in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique showed significantly more extrusion of root canal sealer than 7 mm penetration depth group (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between 7 mm depth group in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique and cold lateral compaction group (p < 0.05).

The result of this study demonstrates that deeper plugger penetration depth causes more extrusion of root canal sealer in root canal obturation by Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique. Therefore, special caution is needed when plugger penetration is deeper in the canal in Continuous Wave of Condensation Technique to minimize the amount of sealer extrusion beyond apex.

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  • Influence of plugger penetration depth on the area of the canal space occupied by gutta-percha
    Young Mi Lee, Ho-young So, Young Kyung Kim, Sung Kyo Kim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2006; 31(1): 66.     CrossRef
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