Effect of a new resin monomer on the microleakage of composite resin restorations

JH Bae; YK Kim; PY Yoon; MA Lee; BH Cho

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.5.469

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Original Article Effect of a new resin monomer on the microleakage of composite resin restorations: JH Bae¹, YK Kim², PY Yoon², MA Lee³, BH Cho^3,4; 2007;32(5):-475.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.5.469
Published online: September 30, 2007

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea.

²Department of Oral Maxilofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Korea.

³Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Korea.

⁴Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Byeong-Hoon Cho. Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University 28 Yeongeon-dong, Jongro-gu Seoul, 110-749, Korea. Tel: 82-2-2072-3514, Fax: 82-2-764-3514, chobh@snu.ac.kr

• Received: July 11, 2007 • Revised: July 25, 2007 • Accepted: August 11, 2007

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a new resin monomer on the microleakage of composite resin restorations. By adding new methoxylated Bis-GMA (Bis-M-GMA, 2,2-bis[4-(2-methoxy-3-methacryloyloxy propoxy) phenyl] propane) having low viscosity, the content of TEGDMA which has adverse effects on polymerization shrinkage might be decreased. As a result, microleakage might be improved.

2 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm cavities with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on buccal and lingual surfaces of 40 extracted human premolars. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into four groups and restored with Clearfil SE bond (Kuraray, Japan) and one of experimental composite resins; EX1, Experimental composite resin1 (Bis-M-GMA/TEGDMA = 95/5 wt%, 40 nm nanofillers); EX2, Experimental composite resin2 (Bis-M-GMA/TEGDMA = 95/5 wt%, 20 nm nanofillers); EX3, Experimental composite resin3 (Bis-GMA/TEGDMA = 70/30 wt%, 40 nm nanofillers); and Filtek Z250 (3M ESPE, USA) was filled as a control group. The restored teeth were thermocycled, and immersed in 2% methylene blue solution for 24 hours. The teeth were sectioned buccolingually with a low speed diamond saw and evaluated for microleakage under stereomicroscope. The data were statistically analyzed by Pearson Chi-Square test and Fisher Exact test (p = 0.05).

The microleakage scores seen at the enamel margin were significantly lower than those of dentin margin (p = 0.007). There were no significant differences among the composite resins in the microleakage scores within each margin (p > 0.05). Bis-M-GMA, a new resin monomer having low viscosity, might in part replace high viscous Bis-GMA and might improve the quality of composite resin.
Keywords: Microleakage; New resin monomer; Bis-M-GMA; Viscosity; Polymerization shrinkage

Figure 1

A specimen of EX1 showed score 0 at enamel margin and dentin margin.

Figure 2

A Specimen of EX2 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 2 at dentin margin.

Figure 3

A specimen of EX3 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 3 at dentin margin.

Table 1

The composition of experimental composite resins (Unit: wt%)

The numbers were percentage of the composition within each experimental resin.

Table 2

Number of specimens showing microleakage scores at enamel and dentin margins of cervical box cavities filled with composite resins bonded with an adhesive system (n = 20, unit: N(%)^¶)

^¶The numbers in the parentheses were percentage of the specimens within the group restored with the same composite resin and same position.

^§p values by Fisher's Exact test

^†Proportion of microleakage score in enamel margin was significantly different from that in dentin margin (p = 0.007).

This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Korea (Grant No. 03-PJ1-PG1-CH09-0001).

Figure 1

A specimen of EX1 showed score 0 at enamel margin and dentin margin.

Figure 2

A Specimen of EX2 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 2 at dentin margin.

Figure 3

A specimen of EX3 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 3 at dentin margin.

Table 1

The composition of experimental composite resins (Unit: wt%)

The numbers were percentage of the composition within each experimental resin.

Table 2

Number of specimens showing microleakage scores at enamel and dentin margins of cervical box cavities filled with composite resins bonded with an adhesive system (n = 20, unit: N(%)^¶)

^¶The numbers in the parentheses were percentage of the specimens within the group restored with the same composite resin and same position.

^§p values by Fisher's Exact test

^†Proportion of microleakage score in enamel margin was significantly different from that in dentin margin (p = 0.007).

REFERENCES

1. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. II. Bonding to dentin promoted by a surface-active comonomer. J Dent Res. 1965;44: 895-902.Article PubMed PDF
2. Wieczkowski G, Joynt RB, Davis EL, Yu XY, Cleary K. Leakage patterns associated with glass-ionomer based resin restorations. Oper Dent. 1992;17: 21-25.PubMed
3. Cho BH, Dickens SH, Bae JH, Chang CG, Son HH, Um CM. Effect of interfacial bond quality on the direction of polymerization shrinkage flow in resin composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 297-304.PubMed
4. Aguiar FHB, Santos AJS, Groppo FC, Lovadino JR. Quqntititive evaluation of marginal leakage of two resin composite restorations using two filling techniques. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 475-479.PubMed
5. Alani AH, Toh CG. Detection of microleakage around dental restorations: a review. Oper Dent. 1997;22: 173-185.PubMed
6. Going RE. Microleakage around dental restorations: a summarizing review. J Am Dent Assoc. 1972;84: 1349-1357.Article PubMed
7. Hannig M, Fu B. Effect of air abrasion and resin composite on microleakage of class V restoration bonded with self etching primers. J Adhes Dent. 2001;3: 265-272.PubMed
8. Davidson CL, Feilzer AJ. Polymerization shrinkage and polymerization shrinkage stress in polymer-based restorations. J Dent. 1997;25: 435-440.PubMed
9. Thompson VP, Williams EF, Bailey WJ. Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening. J Dent Res. 1979;58: 1522-1532.Article PubMed PDF
10. Stansbury JW. Synthesis and evaluation of new oxaspiro monomers for doulble ring-opening polymerization. J Dent Res. 1992;71: 1408-1412.Article PubMed PDF
11. Moon EJ, Lee JY, Kim CK, Cho BH. Dental restorative composites containing 2,2-bis-[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy propoxy) phenyl] propane derivatives and spiro orthocarbonates. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2005;73: 338-346.Article PubMed
12. Kalachandra S, Sankarapandian M, Shobha HK, Taylor DF, McGrath JE. Influence of hydrogen bonding on properties of Bis-GMA analogs. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 1997;8: 283-286.PubMed
13. Kim Y, Kim CK, Cho BH, Son HH, Um CM, Kim OY. A new resin matrix for dental composite having low volumetric shrinkage. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2004;70: 82-90.Article PubMed
14. Kim JW, Kim LU, Kim CK, Cho BH, Kim OY. Characteristics of novel dental composites containing 2,2-bis[4-(2-methoxy-3-methacryloxy-propoxy) phenyl] propane as a base resin. Biomacromolecules. 2006;7: 154-160.Article PubMed
15. Kim LU, Kim JW, Kim CH. Effect of molecular structure of the resins on the volumetric shrinkage and the mechanical strength of dental restorative composites. Biomacromolecules. 2006;7: 2680-2687.Article PubMed
16. Prakki A, Tallury P, Mondelli RFL. Influence of additives on the properties of Bis-GMA/Bis-GMA analog comonomers and corresponding copolymers. Dent Mater. 2007;(E-pub ahead of print).Article
17. Anseth KS, Newman SM, Bowman CN. Polymeric dental composites: properties and reaction behavior of multimethacrylate dental restorations. Adv Polym Sci. 1995;122: 177-217.Article
18. Braden M. The formulation of composite filling materials. Oper Dent. 1978;3: 97-102.PubMed
19. Dickens SH, Cho BH. Interpretation of bond failure through conversion and residual solvent measurements and Weibull analyses of flexural and microtensile bond strengths of bonding agents. Dent Mater. 2005;21: 354-364.Article PubMed
20. Sakaguchi RL, Peters MCRB, Nelson SR, Douglas WH, Poort HW. Effects of polymerization contraction in composite restorations. J Dent. 1992;20: 178-182.Article PubMed
21. Bausch JR, Lange KD, Davidson CL, Peters A, de Gee AJ. Clinical significance of polymerization shrinkage of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent. 1982;48: 59-67.Article PubMed
22. Goldman M. Polymerization shrinkage of resin-based restorative materials. Aust Dent J. 1983;28: 156-161.Article PubMed
23. Kim JJ, Moon HJ, Lim BS, Lee YK, Rhee SH, Yang HC. The effect of nanofiller on the opacity of experimental composites. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007;80: 332-338.Article PubMed
24. Kim IS, Min KS, Shin DH. Microleakage of various composite resin systems. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2003;28: 127-133.
25. Kang SH, Kim OY, Oh MH, Cho BH, Um CM, Kwon HC, Son HH. Microleakage of microfill and flowable composite resins in class V cavity after load cycling. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27: 142-149.Article
26. Barnes DM, McDonald NJ, ThomsonVP , Blank LW, Shires PJ. Microleakage in facial and lingual class 5 composite restorations: A comparision. Oper Dent. 1994;19: 133-137.PubMed
27. Gordon M, Plasschaert AJM, Saiku JM, Pelzner RB. Microleakage of posterior composite resin materials and an experimental urethane restorative material tested in vitro above and below the cementaoenamel junction. Quintessence Int. 1986;17: 11-15.PubMed
28. Fayyad MA, Shortall AC. Microleakage of dentin-bonded posterior composite restoration. J Dent. 1987;15: 67-72.PubMed
29. Lee IB, Lee JH, Cho BH, Son HH, Lee ST, Um CM. Rheological properties of resin composites according to the change of monomer and filler compositions. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2004;29: 520-531.Article

Tables & Figures

Figure 1

A specimen of EX1 showed score 0 at enamel margin and dentin margin.

Figure 2

A Specimen of EX2 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 2 at dentin margin.

Figure 3

A specimen of EX3 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 3 at dentin margin.

Table 1

The composition of experimental composite resins (Unit: wt%)

The numbers were percentage of the composition within each experimental resin.

Table 2

Number of specimens showing microleakage scores at enamel and dentin margins of cervical box cavities filled with composite resins bonded with an adhesive system (n = 20, unit: N(%)^¶)

^¶The numbers in the parentheses were percentage of the specimens within the group restored with the same composite resin and same position.

^§p values by Fisher's Exact test

^†Proportion of microleakage score in enamel margin was significantly different from that in dentin margin (p = 0.007).

Figure 1

A specimen of EX1 showed score 0 at enamel margin and dentin margin.

Figure 2

A Specimen of EX2 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 2 at dentin margin.

Figure 3

A specimen of EX3 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 3 at dentin margin.

Table 1

The composition of experimental composite resins (Unit: wt%)

The numbers were percentage of the composition within each experimental resin.

Table 2

Number of specimens showing microleakage scores at enamel and dentin margins of cervical box cavities filled with composite resins bonded with an adhesive system (n = 20, unit: N(%)^¶)

^¶The numbers in the parentheses were percentage of the specimens within the group restored with the same composite resin and same position.

^§p values by Fisher's Exact test

^†Proportion of microleakage score in enamel margin was significantly different from that in dentin margin (p = 0.007).

REFERENCES

1. Bowen RL. Adhesive bonding of various materials to hard tooth tissues. II. Bonding to dentin promoted by a surface-active comonomer. J Dent Res. 1965;44: 895-902.Article PubMed PDF
2. Wieczkowski G, Joynt RB, Davis EL, Yu XY, Cleary K. Leakage patterns associated with glass-ionomer based resin restorations. Oper Dent. 1992;17: 21-25.PubMed
3. Cho BH, Dickens SH, Bae JH, Chang CG, Son HH, Um CM. Effect of interfacial bond quality on the direction of polymerization shrinkage flow in resin composite restorations. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 297-304.PubMed
4. Aguiar FHB, Santos AJS, Groppo FC, Lovadino JR. Quqntititive evaluation of marginal leakage of two resin composite restorations using two filling techniques. Oper Dent. 2002;27: 475-479.PubMed
5. Alani AH, Toh CG. Detection of microleakage around dental restorations: a review. Oper Dent. 1997;22: 173-185.PubMed
6. Going RE. Microleakage around dental restorations: a summarizing review. J Am Dent Assoc. 1972;84: 1349-1357.Article PubMed
7. Hannig M, Fu B. Effect of air abrasion and resin composite on microleakage of class V restoration bonded with self etching primers. J Adhes Dent. 2001;3: 265-272.PubMed
8. Davidson CL, Feilzer AJ. Polymerization shrinkage and polymerization shrinkage stress in polymer-based restorations. J Dent. 1997;25: 435-440.PubMed
9. Thompson VP, Williams EF, Bailey WJ. Dental resins with reduced shrinkage during hardening. J Dent Res. 1979;58: 1522-1532.Article PubMed PDF
10. Stansbury JW. Synthesis and evaluation of new oxaspiro monomers for doulble ring-opening polymerization. J Dent Res. 1992;71: 1408-1412.Article PubMed PDF
11. Moon EJ, Lee JY, Kim CK, Cho BH. Dental restorative composites containing 2,2-bis-[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloyloxy propoxy) phenyl] propane derivatives and spiro orthocarbonates. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2005;73: 338-346.Article PubMed
12. Kalachandra S, Sankarapandian M, Shobha HK, Taylor DF, McGrath JE. Influence of hydrogen bonding on properties of Bis-GMA analogs. J Mater Sci Mater Med. 1997;8: 283-286.PubMed
13. Kim Y, Kim CK, Cho BH, Son HH, Um CM, Kim OY. A new resin matrix for dental composite having low volumetric shrinkage. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2004;70: 82-90.Article PubMed
14. Kim JW, Kim LU, Kim CK, Cho BH, Kim OY. Characteristics of novel dental composites containing 2,2-bis[4-(2-methoxy-3-methacryloxy-propoxy) phenyl] propane as a base resin. Biomacromolecules. 2006;7: 154-160.Article PubMed
15. Kim LU, Kim JW, Kim CH. Effect of molecular structure of the resins on the volumetric shrinkage and the mechanical strength of dental restorative composites. Biomacromolecules. 2006;7: 2680-2687.Article PubMed
16. Prakki A, Tallury P, Mondelli RFL. Influence of additives on the properties of Bis-GMA/Bis-GMA analog comonomers and corresponding copolymers. Dent Mater. 2007;(E-pub ahead of print).Article
17. Anseth KS, Newman SM, Bowman CN. Polymeric dental composites: properties and reaction behavior of multimethacrylate dental restorations. Adv Polym Sci. 1995;122: 177-217.Article
18. Braden M. The formulation of composite filling materials. Oper Dent. 1978;3: 97-102.PubMed
19. Dickens SH, Cho BH. Interpretation of bond failure through conversion and residual solvent measurements and Weibull analyses of flexural and microtensile bond strengths of bonding agents. Dent Mater. 2005;21: 354-364.Article PubMed
20. Sakaguchi RL, Peters MCRB, Nelson SR, Douglas WH, Poort HW. Effects of polymerization contraction in composite restorations. J Dent. 1992;20: 178-182.Article PubMed
21. Bausch JR, Lange KD, Davidson CL, Peters A, de Gee AJ. Clinical significance of polymerization shrinkage of composite resins. J Prosthet Dent. 1982;48: 59-67.Article PubMed
22. Goldman M. Polymerization shrinkage of resin-based restorative materials. Aust Dent J. 1983;28: 156-161.Article PubMed
23. Kim JJ, Moon HJ, Lim BS, Lee YK, Rhee SH, Yang HC. The effect of nanofiller on the opacity of experimental composites. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2007;80: 332-338.Article PubMed
24. Kim IS, Min KS, Shin DH. Microleakage of various composite resin systems. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2003;28: 127-133.
25. Kang SH, Kim OY, Oh MH, Cho BH, Um CM, Kwon HC, Son HH. Microleakage of microfill and flowable composite resins in class V cavity after load cycling. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27: 142-149.Article
26. Barnes DM, McDonald NJ, ThomsonVP , Blank LW, Shires PJ. Microleakage in facial and lingual class 5 composite restorations: A comparision. Oper Dent. 1994;19: 133-137.PubMed
27. Gordon M, Plasschaert AJM, Saiku JM, Pelzner RB. Microleakage of posterior composite resin materials and an experimental urethane restorative material tested in vitro above and below the cementaoenamel junction. Quintessence Int. 1986;17: 11-15.PubMed
28. Fayyad MA, Shortall AC. Microleakage of dentin-bonded posterior composite restoration. J Dent. 1987;15: 67-72.PubMed
29. Lee IB, Lee JH, Cho BH, Son HH, Lee ST, Um CM. Rheological properties of resin composites according to the change of monomer and filler compositions. J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2004;29: 520-531.Article

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Sealing Ability of Three Different Materials Used as Retrograde Filling
Ji-Hoon Park, Seung-Bok Kang, Yong-Hoon Choi, Ji-Hyun Bae
Journal of Korean Dental Science.2012; 5(2): 60. CrossRef
Surface roughness of experimental composite resins using confocal laser scanning microscope
JH Bae, MA Lee, BH Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(1): 1. CrossRef

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Effect of a new resin monomer on the microleakage of composite resin restorations

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2007;32(5):469-475. Published online September 30, 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.5.469

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Figure 1 A specimen of EX1 showed score 0 at enamel margin and dentin margin.

Figure 2 A Specimen of EX2 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 2 at dentin margin.

Figure 3 A specimen of EX3 showed score 0 at enamel margin and score 3 at dentin margin.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Effect of a new resin monomer on the microleakage of composite resin restorations

Table 1

The composition of experimental composite resins (Unit: wt%)

The numbers were percentage of the composition within each experimental resin.

Table 2

Number of specimens showing microleakage scores at enamel and dentin margins of cervical box cavities filled with composite resins bonded with an adhesive system (n = 20, unit: N(%)^¶)

^¶The numbers in the parentheses were percentage of the specimens within the group restored with the same composite resin and same position.

^§p values by Fisher's Exact test

^†Proportion of microleakage score in enamel margin was significantly different from that in dentin margin (p = 0.007).

Table 1 The composition of experimental composite resins (Unit: wt%)

The numbers were percentage of the composition within each experimental resin.

Table 2 Number of specimens showing microleakage scores at enamel and dentin margins of cervical box cavities filled with composite resins bonded with an adhesive system (n = 20, unit: N(%)¶)

^¶The numbers in the parentheses were percentage of the specimens within the group restored with the same composite resin and same position.

^§p values by Fisher's Exact test

^†Proportion of microleakage score in enamel margin was significantly different from that in dentin margin (p = 0.007).