Marginal microleakage of self-etching primer adhesives and a self-etching adhesive

Young-Gon Cho; Kong-Chul Cho

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.5.493

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Original Article Marginal microleakage of self-etching primer adhesives and a self-etching adhesive: Young-Gon Cho, Kong-Chul Cho; 2002;27(5):-501.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.5.493
Published online: September 30, 2002

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Chosun University, Korea.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

This study evaluated the microleakage performance of four self-etcing primer adhesives(Clearfil SE Bond, Clearfil Liner Bond 2, UniFil Bond, and FL Bond) and one self-etching adhesive(Prompt L-Pop). Class V cavity preparations with occlusal margins in enamel and gingival margins in dentin were prepared on both buccal and lingual surfaces of 50 extracted human molar teeth. Prepared teeth were randomly divided into five groups and restored using one of five adhesives and composite resins: Prompt L-Pop/Filtek Z 250(Group 1), Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil AP-X(Group 2), Clearfil Liner Bond 2/Clearfil AP-X(Group 3), UniFil Bond/UniFil F(Group 4), and FL Bond/Filtek Z 250(Group 5).

Following one day storage in room temperature water, the restored teeth were thermocycled for 500 cycles between 5℃ and 55℃. Marginal microleakage was assessed by dye penetration using 2% methylene blue dye. After 24 hours, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated for microleakage under steromicroscope. The data were statistically analysed by Kruskal-Wallis Test, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon signed ranked tests.

The results of this study were as follows;

1. The microleakges at both enamel and dentinal margins were the lowest in group 4, increasing among groups in the following order: group 2, follwed by group 5, follwed by group 1, and the highest in group 3.

2. At the enamel margins, the microleakage of group 3 was significantly higher than those of groups 2, 4 and 5(p<0.05), and also the microleakage of group 1 was statistically higher than those of groups 2 and 5(p<0.05).

3. At the dentinal margins, microleakage of group 3 was significantly higher than microleakages of groups 1, 2, 4 and 5(p<0.05).

4. Compared with microleakages between the enamel and dentinal margins of each group, groups 1, 4 and 5 at enamel margin and group 2 and group 3 at dentinal margin were higher microleakage. But there was no significant difference between enamel and dentinal microleakages of each group(p>0.05).
Keywords: Marginal microleakage; Self-etching primer adhesives; Self-etching adhesive

Fig. 1

Numbers of leakage scores of each group at enamel margins

Fig. 2

Numbers of leakage scores of each group at dentin margins

Table 1

Group classification and self-etching primer adhesives and self-etching adhesive/composite resins used in this study

^*: Manufacturers of adhesive and composite resin are not same in Group 5.

Table 2

Distribution of microleakage scores and means at enamel margins

Table 3

Distribution of microleakage scores and means at dentin margins

Table 4

Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 5

Statistical analysis of microleakage at dentin margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 6

Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel and dentin margin between each group by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test

-: no-significant differences(p>0.05)

REFERENCES

1. Perdigão J, Frankenberger R, Rosa BT, Breschi L. New trend in dentin/enamel adhesion. Am J Dent. 2000;13: 25D-30D.PubMed
2. Davidson CL, Degee AJ, Feilzer AJ. The competition between the composite-dentin bond strength and polymeriztion contraction stress. J Dent Res. 1984;63(12):1396-1399.Article PubMed PDF
3. Choi KK, Condon JR, Ferracane JL. The effects of adhesive thickness on polymerization contraction stress of composite. J Dent Res. 2000;79(3):812-817.Article PubMed PDF
4. Pradelle-Plasse N, Nechad S, Tavernier B, Colon P. Effect of dentin adhesives on the enamel-dentin/composite interfacial mroleakage. Am J Dent. 2001;14(6):344-348.PubMed
5. Bergenholtz G, Cox CF, Loesche WJ, Syed SA. Bacterial leakage around dental restorations: Its effect on the dental pulp. J Oral Pathol. 1982;11(6):439-450.Article PubMed
6. Brännström M. The cause of post-restorative sensitivity and its prevention. J Endod. 1986;12: 475-481.Article PubMed
7. Buonocore MC. Simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surface. J Dent Res. 1955;34(6):849-853.Article PubMed PDF
8. Fritz UB, Diedrich P, Finger WJ. Self-etching primers-an alternative to the conventional acid etch technique? J Orofac Orthop. 2001;62(3):238-245.Article PubMed PDF
9. Hannig M, Reinhardt K-J, Bott B. Self-etching primer vs phosphoric acid: An alternative concept for composite-to-enamel bonding. Oper Dent. 1999;24: 172-180.PubMed
10. Bouillaguet S, Gysi P, Wataha JC, Ciucchi B, Cattani M, Godin C, Meyer JM. Bond strength of composite to dentin using conventional, one-step, and self-etching adhesive systems. J Dent. 2001;29(1):55-61.Article PubMed
11. Frankenberger R, Perdigao J, Rosa BT, Lopes M. "No-bottle" vs "multi-bottle" dentin adhesives-a microtensile bond strength and morphological study. Dent Mater. 2001;17(5):373-380.Article PubMed
12. Toledano M, Osorio R, de Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA. Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2001;14(4):205-210.PubMed
13. Besnault C, Attal JP. Influence of a simulated oral environment on microleakage of two adhesive systems in Class II composite restorations. J Dent. 2002;30(1):1-6.Article PubMed
14. Gordan VV, Vargas MA, Cobb DS, Denehy GE. Evaluation of acidic primers in microleakage of class 5 composite resin restorations. Oper Dent. 1998;23: 244-249.PubMed
15. Li H, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. The effect of load cycling on the nanoleakage of dentin bonding systems. Dent Mater. 2002;18(2):111-119.Article PubMed
16. Yoshiyama M, Urayama A, Kimochi T, Matsuo T, Pashley DH. Comparison of conventional vs self-etching adhesives bonds to caries-affected dentin. Oper Dent. 2000;25: 163-169.PubMed
17. Kanca J. Effect of resin primer solvents and surface wetness on resin composite bond strength to dentin. Am J Dent. 1992;5(4):213-215.PubMed
18. Nakabayashi N. Dentinal bonding mechanisms. Quintessence Int. 1991;22(2):73-74.PubMed
19. Nakabayashi N, Sami Y. Bonding to intact dentin. J Dent Res. 1996;75(9):1706-1715.Article PubMed PDF
20. Ritter AV, Heymann HO, Swift E Jr, Perdigao J, Rosa BT. Effect of different re-wetting techniques on dentin shear bond strengths. J Esthet Dent. 2000;12: 85-96.PubMed
21. Hayakawa T, Kikutake K, Nemoto K. Influence of self-etching primer treatment on the adhesion of resin composite to polished dentin and enamel. Dent Mater. 1998;105: 99-105.Article
22. Miyasaka K, Nakabayashi N. Combination of EDTA conditioner and phenyl-P/HEMA self-etching primer for bonding to dentin. Dent Mater. 1999;15(3):153-157.Article PubMed
23. Ogata M, Nakajima M, Sano H, Tagami J. Effect of dentin primer application on regional bond strength to cervical wedge-shaped cavity walls. Oper Dent. 1999;24(2):81-88.PubMed
24. Finger WJ, Ahlstrand WM. 4-META as an acidic monomer in an all-in-one experimental adhesive. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2001;22: 12 Suppl. 8-11.
25. Pontes DG, de Melo AT, Monnerat AF. Microleakage of new all-in-one adhesive systems on dentinal and enamel margins. Quintessence Int. 2002;33(2):136-139.PubMed
26. Zheng L, Pereira PNR, Nakajima M, Sano H, Tagami J. Relationship between adhesive thickness and microtensile bond strength. Oper Dent. 2001;26: 97-104.PubMed
27. Inoue S, Van Meebeek B, Vargas M, Yoshida Y, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Adhesion mechanism of self-etching adhesives. Advanced Adhesive Dentistry 3rd international Kuraray symposium. 1999;131-148.
28. Prati C, Pashley DH, Chersoni S, Mongiorgi R. Marginal hybrid layer in class V restorations. Oper Dent. 2000;25: 228-233.PubMed
29. Barkmeier WW, Los SA, Triolo PT Jr. Bond strengths and SEM evaluation of Clearfil Liner Bond 2. Am J Dent. 1995;8(6):289-293.PubMed
30. Rosa BT, Perdigao J. Bond strengths of nonrinsing adhesives. Quintessence Int. 2000;31: 353-358.PubMed
31. Yoshiyama M, Matsuo T, Ebisu S, Pashley D. Regional bond strengths of self-etching/self-priming adhesive systems. J Dent. 1998;26: 609-616.Article PubMed
32. Kidd EA. Microleakage: A review. J Dent. 1976;4(5):199-206.Article PubMed
33. Reeves GW, Fitchie JG, Hembree JH Jr, Puckett AD. Microleakage of new dentin bonding systems using human and bovine teeth. Oper Dent. 1995;20(6):230-235.PubMed
34. Perdigao J, Lopes L, Lambrechts P. Effects of self-etching primer on enamel shear bond strengths and SEM morphology. Am J Dent. 1997;10: 141-146.PubMed
35. Ferrari M, Mannocci F, Vichi A, Davidson CL. Effect of two etching timers on the sealing ability of Clearfil Liner Bond 2 in Class V restorations. Am J Dent. 1997;10(2):66-70.PubMed
36. Swift EJ Jr. Self-etching primers: Part I. J Esthet Dent. 2000;12(3):111-113.
37. Technical Brief : Unifil Bond, Unifil F composite. 1999;GC Corporation.
38. Hotta K, Mogi M, Miura F, Nakabayashi N. Effects of 4-MET on bond strength and penetration monomers into enamel. Dent Mater. 1992;8: 173-175.PubMed
39. Kubo S, Yokota H, Sata Y, Hayashi Y. Microleakage of self-etching primers after thermal and flexural load cycling. Am J Dent. 2001;14(3):163-169.PubMed
40. Product Dossier: Prompt L-Pop. 1999;ESPE.
41. Opdam NJ, Roeters FJ, Feilzer AJ, Verdonschot EH. Marginal integrity and postoperative sensitivity in Class 2 resin composite restorations in vivo. J Dent. 1998;26(7):555-562.Article PubMed
42. Nishida K, Yamauchi J, Wata T, Hosoda H. Development of a new bonding system. J Dent Res. 1993;72: 137. (IADR, Abstract #267).
43. Imazato S, Ebisu S, Tarumi H, Kinomoto Y, Takeshige F. Development of antibacterial adhesive system: efficacy of new self-etching primer containing antibacterial monomer. Advanced Adhesive Dentistry 3rd international Kuraray symposium. 1999;227-239.
44. Al-Ehaideb AA, Mohammed H. Microleakage of "one-bottle" dentin adhesives. Oper Dent. 2001;26: 172-175.
45. Tulunoglu O, Uctash M, Alacam A, Omurlu H. Microleakage of light-cured resin and resin-modifed glass-ionomer dentin bonding agents applied with co-cure vs pre-cure technique. Oper Dent. 2000;25: 292-298.PubMed
46. Santini A, Plasschaert AJ, Mitchll S. Effect of composite resin placement techniques on the microleakage of two self-etching dentin-bonding agents. Am J Dent. 2001;14(3):132-136.PubMed
47. Barkmeier WW, Douville CJ, Matranga LF. Shear bond strength, microleakage and scanning electron microscopy study of the Clearfil Liner Bond System. Asian J Aesthet Dent. 1993;1(2):85-90.PubMed
48. Hanning M, Fu B. Effect of air abrasion and resin composite on microleakage of Class V restorations bonded with self-etching primers. J Adhes Dent. 2001;3: 265-272.PubMed

Tables & Figures

Fig. 1

Numbers of leakage scores of each group at enamel margins

Fig. 2

Numbers of leakage scores of each group at dentin margins

Table 1

Group classification and self-etching primer adhesives and self-etching adhesive/composite resins used in this study

^*: Manufacturers of adhesive and composite resin are not same in Group 5.

Table 2

Distribution of microleakage scores and means at enamel margins

Table 3

Distribution of microleakage scores and means at dentin margins

Table 4

Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 5

Statistical analysis of microleakage at dentin margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 6

Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel and dentin margin between each group by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test

-: no-significant differences(p>0.05)

REFERENCES

1. Perdigão J, Frankenberger R, Rosa BT, Breschi L. New trend in dentin/enamel adhesion. Am J Dent. 2000;13: 25D-30D.PubMed
2. Davidson CL, Degee AJ, Feilzer AJ. The competition between the composite-dentin bond strength and polymeriztion contraction stress. J Dent Res. 1984;63(12):1396-1399.Article PubMed PDF
3. Choi KK, Condon JR, Ferracane JL. The effects of adhesive thickness on polymerization contraction stress of composite. J Dent Res. 2000;79(3):812-817.Article PubMed PDF
4. Pradelle-Plasse N, Nechad S, Tavernier B, Colon P. Effect of dentin adhesives on the enamel-dentin/composite interfacial mroleakage. Am J Dent. 2001;14(6):344-348.PubMed
5. Bergenholtz G, Cox CF, Loesche WJ, Syed SA. Bacterial leakage around dental restorations: Its effect on the dental pulp. J Oral Pathol. 1982;11(6):439-450.Article PubMed
6. Brännström M. The cause of post-restorative sensitivity and its prevention. J Endod. 1986;12: 475-481.Article PubMed
7. Buonocore MC. Simple method of increasing the adhesion of acrylic filling materials to enamel surface. J Dent Res. 1955;34(6):849-853.Article PubMed PDF
8. Fritz UB, Diedrich P, Finger WJ. Self-etching primers-an alternative to the conventional acid etch technique? J Orofac Orthop. 2001;62(3):238-245.Article PubMed PDF
9. Hannig M, Reinhardt K-J, Bott B. Self-etching primer vs phosphoric acid: An alternative concept for composite-to-enamel bonding. Oper Dent. 1999;24: 172-180.PubMed
10. Bouillaguet S, Gysi P, Wataha JC, Ciucchi B, Cattani M, Godin C, Meyer JM. Bond strength of composite to dentin using conventional, one-step, and self-etching adhesive systems. J Dent. 2001;29(1):55-61.Article PubMed
11. Frankenberger R, Perdigao J, Rosa BT, Lopes M. "No-bottle" vs "multi-bottle" dentin adhesives-a microtensile bond strength and morphological study. Dent Mater. 2001;17(5):373-380.Article PubMed
12. Toledano M, Osorio R, de Leonardi G, Rosales-Leal JI, Ceballos L, Cabrerizo-Vilchez MA. Influence of self-etching primer on the resin adhesion to enamel and dentin. Am J Dent. 2001;14(4):205-210.PubMed
13. Besnault C, Attal JP. Influence of a simulated oral environment on microleakage of two adhesive systems in Class II composite restorations. J Dent. 2002;30(1):1-6.Article PubMed
14. Gordan VV, Vargas MA, Cobb DS, Denehy GE. Evaluation of acidic primers in microleakage of class 5 composite resin restorations. Oper Dent. 1998;23: 244-249.PubMed
15. Li H, Burrow MF, Tyas MJ. The effect of load cycling on the nanoleakage of dentin bonding systems. Dent Mater. 2002;18(2):111-119.Article PubMed
16. Yoshiyama M, Urayama A, Kimochi T, Matsuo T, Pashley DH. Comparison of conventional vs self-etching adhesives bonds to caries-affected dentin. Oper Dent. 2000;25: 163-169.PubMed
17. Kanca J. Effect of resin primer solvents and surface wetness on resin composite bond strength to dentin. Am J Dent. 1992;5(4):213-215.PubMed
18. Nakabayashi N. Dentinal bonding mechanisms. Quintessence Int. 1991;22(2):73-74.PubMed
19. Nakabayashi N, Sami Y. Bonding to intact dentin. J Dent Res. 1996;75(9):1706-1715.Article PubMed PDF
20. Ritter AV, Heymann HO, Swift E Jr, Perdigao J, Rosa BT. Effect of different re-wetting techniques on dentin shear bond strengths. J Esthet Dent. 2000;12: 85-96.PubMed
21. Hayakawa T, Kikutake K, Nemoto K. Influence of self-etching primer treatment on the adhesion of resin composite to polished dentin and enamel. Dent Mater. 1998;105: 99-105.Article
22. Miyasaka K, Nakabayashi N. Combination of EDTA conditioner and phenyl-P/HEMA self-etching primer for bonding to dentin. Dent Mater. 1999;15(3):153-157.Article PubMed
23. Ogata M, Nakajima M, Sano H, Tagami J. Effect of dentin primer application on regional bond strength to cervical wedge-shaped cavity walls. Oper Dent. 1999;24(2):81-88.PubMed
24. Finger WJ, Ahlstrand WM. 4-META as an acidic monomer in an all-in-one experimental adhesive. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2001;22: 12 Suppl. 8-11.
25. Pontes DG, de Melo AT, Monnerat AF. Microleakage of new all-in-one adhesive systems on dentinal and enamel margins. Quintessence Int. 2002;33(2):136-139.PubMed
26. Zheng L, Pereira PNR, Nakajima M, Sano H, Tagami J. Relationship between adhesive thickness and microtensile bond strength. Oper Dent. 2001;26: 97-104.PubMed
27. Inoue S, Van Meebeek B, Vargas M, Yoshida Y, Lambrechts P, Vanherle G. Adhesion mechanism of self-etching adhesives. Advanced Adhesive Dentistry 3rd international Kuraray symposium. 1999;131-148.
28. Prati C, Pashley DH, Chersoni S, Mongiorgi R. Marginal hybrid layer in class V restorations. Oper Dent. 2000;25: 228-233.PubMed
29. Barkmeier WW, Los SA, Triolo PT Jr. Bond strengths and SEM evaluation of Clearfil Liner Bond 2. Am J Dent. 1995;8(6):289-293.PubMed
30. Rosa BT, Perdigao J. Bond strengths of nonrinsing adhesives. Quintessence Int. 2000;31: 353-358.PubMed
31. Yoshiyama M, Matsuo T, Ebisu S, Pashley D. Regional bond strengths of self-etching/self-priming adhesive systems. J Dent. 1998;26: 609-616.Article PubMed
32. Kidd EA. Microleakage: A review. J Dent. 1976;4(5):199-206.Article PubMed
33. Reeves GW, Fitchie JG, Hembree JH Jr, Puckett AD. Microleakage of new dentin bonding systems using human and bovine teeth. Oper Dent. 1995;20(6):230-235.PubMed
34. Perdigao J, Lopes L, Lambrechts P. Effects of self-etching primer on enamel shear bond strengths and SEM morphology. Am J Dent. 1997;10: 141-146.PubMed
35. Ferrari M, Mannocci F, Vichi A, Davidson CL. Effect of two etching timers on the sealing ability of Clearfil Liner Bond 2 in Class V restorations. Am J Dent. 1997;10(2):66-70.PubMed
36. Swift EJ Jr. Self-etching primers: Part I. J Esthet Dent. 2000;12(3):111-113.
37. Technical Brief : Unifil Bond, Unifil F composite. 1999;GC Corporation.
38. Hotta K, Mogi M, Miura F, Nakabayashi N. Effects of 4-MET on bond strength and penetration monomers into enamel. Dent Mater. 1992;8: 173-175.PubMed
39. Kubo S, Yokota H, Sata Y, Hayashi Y. Microleakage of self-etching primers after thermal and flexural load cycling. Am J Dent. 2001;14(3):163-169.PubMed
40. Product Dossier: Prompt L-Pop. 1999;ESPE.
41. Opdam NJ, Roeters FJ, Feilzer AJ, Verdonschot EH. Marginal integrity and postoperative sensitivity in Class 2 resin composite restorations in vivo. J Dent. 1998;26(7):555-562.Article PubMed
42. Nishida K, Yamauchi J, Wata T, Hosoda H. Development of a new bonding system. J Dent Res. 1993;72: 137. (IADR, Abstract #267).
43. Imazato S, Ebisu S, Tarumi H, Kinomoto Y, Takeshige F. Development of antibacterial adhesive system: efficacy of new self-etching primer containing antibacterial monomer. Advanced Adhesive Dentistry 3rd international Kuraray symposium. 1999;227-239.
44. Al-Ehaideb AA, Mohammed H. Microleakage of "one-bottle" dentin adhesives. Oper Dent. 2001;26: 172-175.
45. Tulunoglu O, Uctash M, Alacam A, Omurlu H. Microleakage of light-cured resin and resin-modifed glass-ionomer dentin bonding agents applied with co-cure vs pre-cure technique. Oper Dent. 2000;25: 292-298.PubMed
46. Santini A, Plasschaert AJ, Mitchll S. Effect of composite resin placement techniques on the microleakage of two self-etching dentin-bonding agents. Am J Dent. 2001;14(3):132-136.PubMed
47. Barkmeier WW, Douville CJ, Matranga LF. Shear bond strength, microleakage and scanning electron microscopy study of the Clearfil Liner Bond System. Asian J Aesthet Dent. 1993;1(2):85-90.PubMed
48. Hanning M, Fu B. Effect of air abrasion and resin composite on microleakage of Class V restorations bonded with self-etching primers. J Adhes Dent. 2001;3: 265-272.PubMed

Citations

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Marginal microleakage of self-etching primer adhesives and a self-etching adhesive

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27(5):493-501. Published online September 30, 2002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.5.493

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Figure

Marginal microleakage of self-etching primer adhesives and a self-etching adhesive

Fig. 1 Numbers of leakage scores of each group at enamel margins

Fig. 2 Numbers of leakage scores of each group at dentin margins

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Marginal microleakage of self-etching primer adhesives and a self-etching adhesive

Table 1

Group classification and self-etching primer adhesives and self-etching adhesive/composite resins used in this study

^*: Manufacturers of adhesive and composite resin are not same in Group 5.

Table 2

Distribution of microleakage scores and means at enamel margins

Table 3

Distribution of microleakage scores and means at dentin margins

Table 4

Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 5

Statistical analysis of microleakage at dentin margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 6

Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel and dentin margin between each group by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test

-: no-significant differences(p>0.05)

Table 1 Group classification and self-etching primer adhesives and self-etching adhesive/composite resins used in this study

^*: Manufacturers of adhesive and composite resin are not same in Group 5.

Table 2 Distribution of microleakage scores and means at enamel margins

Table 3 Distribution of microleakage scores and means at dentin margins

Table 4 Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 5 Statistical analysis of microleakage at dentin margin between each group by Mann-Whitney test

^*: significant differences (p<0.05)

Table 6 Statistical analysis of microleakage at enamel and dentin margin between each group by Wilcoxon signed rank sum test