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HOME > Restor Dent Endod > Volume 35(4); 2010 > Article
Basic Research Analysis of para-chloroaniline after chemical interaction between alexidine and sodium hypochlorite using mass spectrometry: A preliminary study
Hyeon-Sik Kim1, Seung-Hyun Han2,3,4, Soram Oh1, Sang-Min Lim1, Yu Gu1,3,4, Kee-Yeon Kum1,3,4
2010;35(4):-301.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.4.295
Published online: July 31, 2010

1Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

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Corresponding Author: Kee-Yeon Kum. Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, and BK21 Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 25-9 Yongon-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-749, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2072-2651 Fax: +82-2-2072-3859, kum6139@snu.ac.kr
• Received: June 29, 2010   • Revised: July 7, 2010   • Accepted: July 7, 2010

Copyright © 2010 Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry

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  • The purposes of this study were firstly to investigate the any formation of precipitate after interaction between ALX and NaOCL and secondarily to analyze the PCA formation by using time of flight secondary ion mass (TOF-SIM) spectrometry. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed for the mixture of 0.5% ALX and 5.25% NaOCl. As controls, 2.5% CHX with 5.25% NaOCl and 1% PCA solutions were used. Any formation of precipitates in 10 tested solutions was evaluated by naked eye. Results of mass spectrum showed that the typical peak of PCA was not detected in mixed solution of ALX and NaOCl, whereas CHX/NaOCl mixture showed the same peak that found in the PCA spectrum. Precipitate formation was only observed in CHX/NaOCL mixture. The present TOF-SIM spectrometry results indicated that ALX can be a useful root canal irrigant combined with NaOCl during canal instrumentation. Further study is necessary to confirm the antimicrobial effect of ALX against endodontic pathogen before its clinical application as an endodontic irrigant.
  • Keywords: Alexidine; Chemical interaction; Mass spectrometry; Para-chloroaniline; Sodium hypochlorite

※This study was supported by the grants from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) (No.2009-0086835), Republic of Korea.

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Figure 1
Analysis of color change and precipitate of 10 tested solutions: Microtube number #1-3(a): negative controls. No precipitation was observed. Microtube number #4-5(b): positive controls. Brown precipitate was formed in NaOCl/CHX mixture (b, right), but no reaction precipitate was formed in the ALX/NaOCl mixtures (microtube number #6-10).
jkacd-35-295-g001.jpg
Figure 2
Mass spectrometry clearly showed the peak 128, which is the molecular weight of PCA.
jkacd-35-295-g002.jpg
Figure 3
Detailed analysis of the peak 128 area in PCA spectrum shown figure 1. 110.93 and 93.0548 peaks show dissociation of NH3 or chlorine ion from PCA.
jkacd-35-295-g003.jpg
Figure 4
Mass spectrum showing the molecular peaks of alexidine and its derivatives.
jkacd-35-295-g004.jpg
Figure 5
Mass spectrum of alexidine showing detailed analysis of the peak 545 area in figure 3.
jkacd-35-295-g005.jpg
Figure 6
Mass spectrum of mixed solutions of NaOCl and ALX. The specific 128 peak of PCA is not observed.
jkacd-35-295-g006.jpg
Figure 7
Molecular formula of PCA (a), ALX (b), and CHX (c). CHX contains phenol ring, ammonia and chlorine which are components of PCA. However, ALX does not consist of phenol ring.
jkacd-35-295-g007.jpg
Table 1
Composition and preparation of 6 test solutions for mass spectroscopy
jkacd-35-295-i001.jpg

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    • Chemical Interaction of Alexidine and Sodium Hypochlorite
      Hyeon-Sik Kim, Qiang Zhu, Seung-Ho Baek, Il-Young Jung, Won-Jun Son, Seok-Woo Chang, Woocheol Lee, Yu Gu, Yoon Lee, Sung-Tae Hong, Kwang-Shik Bae, Ji-Woong Kim, Kun Cho, Kee-Yeon Kum
      Journal of Endodontics.2012; 38(1): 112.     CrossRef

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      Analysis of para-chloroaniline after chemical interaction between alexidine and sodium hypochlorite using mass spectrometry: A preliminary study
      J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2010;35(4):295-301.   Published online July 31, 2010
      DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.4.295
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    Analysis of para-chloroaniline after chemical interaction between alexidine and sodium hypochlorite using mass spectrometry: A preliminary study
    Image Image Image Image Image Image Image
    Figure 1 Analysis of color change and precipitate of 10 tested solutions: Microtube number #1-3(a): negative controls. No precipitation was observed. Microtube number #4-5(b): positive controls. Brown precipitate was formed in NaOCl/CHX mixture (b, right), but no reaction precipitate was formed in the ALX/NaOCl mixtures (microtube number #6-10).
    Figure 2 Mass spectrometry clearly showed the peak 128, which is the molecular weight of PCA.
    Figure 3 Detailed analysis of the peak 128 area in PCA spectrum shown figure 1. 110.93 and 93.0548 peaks show dissociation of NH3 or chlorine ion from PCA.
    Figure 4 Mass spectrum showing the molecular peaks of alexidine and its derivatives.
    Figure 5 Mass spectrum of alexidine showing detailed analysis of the peak 545 area in figure 3.
    Figure 6 Mass spectrum of mixed solutions of NaOCl and ALX. The specific 128 peak of PCA is not observed.
    Figure 7 Molecular formula of PCA (a), ALX (b), and CHX (c). CHX contains phenol ring, ammonia and chlorine which are components of PCA. However, ALX does not consist of phenol ring.

    Figure 1

    Figure 2

    Figure 3

    Figure 4

    Figure 5

    Figure 6

    Figure 7

    Analysis of para-chloroaniline after chemical interaction between alexidine and sodium hypochlorite using mass spectrometry: A preliminary study

    Composition and preparation of 6 test solutions for mass spectroscopy
    Table 1 Composition and preparation of 6 test solutions for mass spectroscopy

    Table 1

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