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Neuropeptide Y regulation of dental pulp neurogenic inflammation provoked by tooth bleaching agents: a descriptive comparative clinical study
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Javier Caviedes-Bucheli, Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Mario Pérez-Villota, Karolina Aucú-Miño, Diana Escobar-Mafla, Hernán Darío Muñoz-Alvear, José Francisco Gomez-Sosa, Luis Diaz-Barrera, Edgar Güiza – Cristancho, Hugo Roberto Munoz
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Restor Dent Endod 2026;51(1):e10. Published online February 13, 2026
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2026.51.e10
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 Abstract
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- Objectives
This study aimed to assess the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in human dental pulp after tooth bleaching with three in-office hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-based systems.
Methods
Forty pulps were collected from premolars scheduled for extraction and divided into four groups (n = 10): Control (no bleaching; basal NPY values); Pola Office (35% H2O2, 8 minutes); Opalescence Boost (40% H2O2, 20 minutes); and Zoom (25% H2O2 + cold blue light, 15 minutes). After extraction, pulps were fixed in 4% formaldehyde and processed. NPY levels were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data distribution was assessed with the Shapiro-Wilk test. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post-hoc test with Bonferroni correction were applied (p < 0.05).
Results
NPY expression differed significantly among groups (p = 0.0097). The control group showed the lowest mean expression (0.026 ± 0.002 pmol/mg of pulp tissue), followed by Zoom (0.031 ± 0.005 pmol/mg), Pola Office (0.040 ± 0.004 pmol/mg), and Opalescence Boost, which exhibited the highest NPY expression (0.044 ± 0.004 pmol/mg). Post-hoc analysis revealed a statistically significant difference between the control and Opalescence Boost groups (p = 0.0122).
Conclusions
The increase in NPY expression—particularly with Opalescence Boost—indicates that in-office bleaching agents can elicit measurable neurobiological responses in pulp tissue after a single application. The significant difference between the control and Opalescence Boost groups suggests a possible H2O2 concentration- or formulation-dependent effect on pulpal neuropeptide activity, underscoring the need for further research on the biological impact of bleaching treatments.
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Association between cigarette smoking and the prevalence of post-endodontic periapical pathology: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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Néstor Ríos-Osorio, Hernan Darío Muñoz-Alvear, Fabio Andrés Jiménez-Castellanos, Sara Quijano-Guauque, Oscar Jiménez-Peña, Herney Andrés García-Perdomo, Javier Caviedes-Bucheli
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Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(3):e27. Published online June 13, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e27
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Abstract
PDFPubReaderePub
- Objectives
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association of cigarette smoking with the prevalence of post-endodontic apical periodontitis in humans. Materials and MethodsWe searched through PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus from inception to December 2020. Risk of bias was performed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies. We performed the statistical analysis in Review Manager 5.3 (RevMan 5.3). Results6 studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative and quantitative synthesis. Statistical analysis of these studies suggests that there were no differences in the prevalence of post endodontic apical periodontitis (AP) when comparing non-smokers vs smoker subjects regarding patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.68; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31–1.49; I2 = 58%) and teeth (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 0.99–2.93; I2 = 72%). ConclusionsOur findings suggest that there was no association between cigarette smoking and post-endodontic apical periodontitis, as we did not find statistical differences in the prevalence of post-endodontic AP when comparing non-smokers vs smoker subjects. Therefore, smoking should not be considered a risk factor associated with endodontic failure.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - The role of smoking as a risk indicator for apical periodontitis and endodontic status: a cross-sectional study of a portuguese adult sample
Isabel Silva Martins, Natália Pestana de Vasconcelos, Américo Santos Afonso, Ana Cristina Braga, Irene Pina-Vaz
Odontology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef - RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC APICAL PERIODONTITIS ACCORDING TO THE CASE-CONTROL STUDY
N. Bagryantseva
Vrach.2026; : 43. CrossRef
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