Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics

Research Article

Can discolored dental composites be bleached in depth?: Luca Giachetti, Daniele Scaminaci Russo, Michele Nieri, Francesca Cinelli; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(3):e23. Published online June 11, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e23

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
Previous in vitro studies determined the whitening effects of bleaching products on stained resin composite surfaces. This in vitro study aimed to verify the effectiveness of a whitening system on composite resin previously subjected to pigmentation, specifically examining the depth of whitening effectiveness within the material structure.
Materials and Methods
A commercially available nano-filled composite resin was used. Specimens were stained using a coffee-based solution and a 10% carbamide peroxide-based gel was employed as the whitening agent. The pigment’s penetration and the effect of the bleaching gel were evaluated by measuring color (CieLab values) from the outer edge to the inner part of the specimens. Color measurements were taken at 14 points, starting from 0.1 mm from the external perimeter up to 3.0 mm.
Results
Analysis of variance tests showed a statistically significant difference between the Control Group (CG), Pigmentation Group, and Whitening Group. The whitening agent was effective up to 1.5 mm in depth, with Whiteness index (W) values not statistically different from those of CG up to 0.5 mm in depth.
Conclusions
Whitening agents on nano-filled resin composite previously pigmented appear effective in restoring the W to values similar to the original, particularly in the superficial layers of the sample.

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Review Article

Can carbamide peroxide be as effective as hydrogen peroxide for in-office tooth bleaching and cause less sensitivity? A systematic review: Patrick Wesley Marques de Boa, Kaiza de Sousa Santos, Francisca Jennifer Duarte de Oliveira, Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges; Restor Dent Endod 2024;49(2):e14. Published online March 20, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2024.49.e14

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This study aimed to answer the question through a systematic review: Can carbamide peroxide be as effective as hydrogen peroxide and cause less in-office bleaching sensitivity? A literature survey was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, and gray literature. Primary clinical trials that compared the efficacy or the in-office bleaching sensitivity between carbamide and hydrogen peroxides were included. The risk of bias was evaluated using the RoB2. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach. DPI training significantly improved the mean scores of the dental undergraduates from 7.53 in the pre-DPI-training test to 9.01 in the post-DPI-training test (p < 0.001). After 6 weeks, the mean scores decreased marginally to 8.87 in the retention test (p = 0.563). DPI training increased their confidence level from 5.68 pre-DPI training to 7.09 post-DPI training. The limited evidence suggests that the 37% carbamide peroxide may be similarly effective to the 35% hydrogen peroxide for bleaching teeth in-office and causes less bleaching sensitivity. However, more well-designed split-mouth clinical trials are necessary to strengthen the evidence.

Citations

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Impact of nanostructured additives in tooth bleaching agents on enhancing color change and reducing side effects: a scoping review
Patrick Wesley Marques de Boa, Kaiza de Sousa Santos, Aleph Matthews da Silva Souza, Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior, Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment of Enamel Surface Roughness Following High-Concentration Peroxide Bleaching: A Comparative In Vitro Study
Mamnoon Ghafir, Nida Mehmood, Leeza Bharati, Shreya Bhukal, Ritika Sethi, Aanchal Chaudhary, Seema Gupta
Cureus.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Using violet light during in-office tooth bleaching to enhance the efficacy of carbamide peroxide without increasing bleaching sensitivity: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mariana Silva de Bessa, Kaiza de Sousa Santos, Patrick Wesley Marques de Boa, Francisca Jennifer Duarte de Oliveira, Bárbara Faria de Sá Barbosa, Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges
Lasers in Medical Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of Different Light-Activated Bleaching Gels on Pulp Chamber Temperature: An In Vitro Study
Mandana Karimi, Elmira Ataee, Ladan Ranjbar Omrani, Mahdi Abbasi, Elham Ahmadi
Avicenna Journal of Dental Research.2024; 16(4): 225. CrossRef

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Research Articles

Can different agents reduce the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue? A systematic review of basic research: Letícia Aparecida Silva Batista, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Luís Fernando Santos Alves Morgan, Carolina Bosso André, Thaís Yumi Suzuki, Francine Benetti; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e39. Published online November 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e39

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of different topical/systemic agents in reducing the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue or cells.

Materials and Methods

Electronic searches were performed in July 2023. In vivo and in vitro studies evaluating the effects of different topical or systemic agents on pulp inflammation or cytotoxicity after exposure to bleaching agents were included. The risk of bias was assessed.

Results

Out of 1,112 articles, 27 were included. Nine animal studies evaluated remineralizing/anti-inflammatories agents in rat molars subjected to bleaching with 35%–38% hydrogen peroxide (HP). Five of these studies demonstrated a significant reduction in inflammation caused by HP when combined with bioglass or MI Paste Plus (GC America), or following KF-desensitizing or Otosporin treatment (n = 3). However, orally administered drugs did not reduce pulp inflammation (n = 4). Cytotoxicity (n = 17) was primarily assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay on human dental pulp cells and mouse dental papilla Cell-23 cells. Certain substances, including sodium ascorbate, butein, manganese chloride, and peroxidase, were found to reduce cytotoxicity, particularly when applied prior to bleaching. The risk of bias was high in animal studies and low in laboratory studies.

Conclusions

Few in vivo studies have evaluated agents to reduce the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue. Within the limitations of these studies, it was found that topical agents were effective in reducing pulp inflammation in animals and cytotoxicity. Further analyses with human pulp are required to substantiate these findings.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42022337192

Citations

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Cytotoxicity of Bleaching Products: A Systematic Review
Mireia Montaner, José Luis Sanz, Carmen Llena, María Melo, Clara Puig-Herreros, James Ghilotti
Applied Sciences.2024; 14(9): 3680. CrossRef

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Evaluation of at-home bleaching protocol with application on different surfaces: bleaching efficacy and hydrogen peroxide permeability: Heloisa Forville, Michael Willian Favoreto, Michel Wendlinger, Roberta Micheten Dias, Christiane Philippini Ferreira Borges, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(4):e33. Published online October 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e33

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate the bleaching efficacy and hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber by the at-home bleaching gel in protocols applied on different dental surfaces.

Materials and Methods

Forty premolars were randomly into 4 groups: control group no bleaching, only application on the buccal surface (OB), only application on the lingual surface (OL) and application in buccal and lingual surfaces, simultaneously (BL). At-home bleaching gel (White Class 7.5%) was used for the procedure. The bleaching efficacy was evaluated with a digital spectrophotometer (color change in CIELAB [ΔE _ab] and CIEDE 2000 [ΔE ₀₀] systems and Whitening Index for Dentistry [ΔWI_D]). The hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber (µg/mL) was assessed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry and data were analyzed for a 1-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).

Results

All groups submitted to bleaching procedure showed bleaching efficacy when measured with ΔE _ab and ΔE ₀₀ (p > 0.05). Therefore, when analyzed by ΔWI_D, a higher bleaching efficacy were observed for the application on the groups OB and BL (p = 0.00003). Similar hydrogen peroxide permeability was found in the pulp chambers of the teeth undergoing different protocols (p > 0.05).

Conclusions

The application of bleaching gel exclusively on the OB is sufficient to achieve bleaching efficacy, when compared to BL. Although the OL protocol demonstrated lower bleaching efficacy based on the ΔWI_D values, it may still be of interest and relevant in certain clinical scenarios based on individual needs, requiring clinical trials to better understand its specificities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of whitening pens on hydrogen peroxide permeability in the pulp chamber, color change and surface morphology
Laryssa Mylenna Madruga Barbosa, Gabrielle Gomes Centenaro, Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro, Maria Alice de Matos Rodrigues, Letícia Condolo, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 154: 105595. CrossRef
Evaluation of bleaching efficiency of carbamide peroxide applied on different dental surfaces: An in vitro study
R. Gokulnath, R. S. Mohan Kumar, A. Jayasenthil, R. Anjana, G. Sree Vidya
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2025; 28(4): 366. CrossRef
Characterization and effects on enamel of low-concentration bleaching gels containing hyaluronic acid, NF_TiO2 nanoparticles and irradiated with violet LED light
Marcos Roberto Lima Benati, Matheus Kury, Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo, Iago César Ribeiro Teles Matos, Roberta Tarkany Basting, Rosanna Tarkany Basting, Fernando Luis Esteban Florez, Vanessa Cavalli
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Efficacy of a buccal and lingual at‐home bleaching protocol—A randomized, split‐mouth, single‐blind controlled trial
Heloisa Forville, Laís Giacomini Bernardi, Michael Willian Favoreto, Felipe Coppla, Taynara de Souza Carneiro, Fabiana Madalozzo Coppla, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(9): 1301. CrossRef
REANATOMIZAÇÃO DE DENTE CONOIDE ASSOCIADA A ESTÉTICA VERMELHA: RELATO DE CASO
Ana Karolayne Sousa de Morais, Daniele Fernanda Sousa Barros, Daniel Messias Limeira, Rhana Leticia de Oliveira Faria, Roberta Furtado Carvalho, Sandna Nolêto de Araújo, Laura Barbosa Santos Di Milhomem
Revista Contemporânea.2024; 4(10): e6299. CrossRef
Effect of the reduction in the exposure time to at-home bleaching gel on color change and tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo, Letícia Vasconcelos Silva Souza, Lucianne Cople Maia, Guido Artemio Marañón-Vásquez, Matheus Kury, Vanessa Cavalli
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

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Effect of medium or high concentrations of in-office dental bleaching gel on the human pulp response in the mandibular incisors: Douglas Augusto Roderjan, Rodrigo Stanislawczuk, Diana Gabriela Soares, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio; Restor Dent Endod 2023;48(2):e12. Published online March 8, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2023.48.e12

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The present study evaluated the pulp response of human mandibular incisors subjected to in-office dental bleaching using gels with medium or high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP).

Materials and Methods

The following groups were compared: 35% HP (HP35; n = 5) or 20% HP (HP20; n = 4). In the control group (CONT; n = 2), no dental bleaching was performed. The color change (CC) was registered at baseline and after 2 days using the Vita Classical shade guide. Tooth sensitivity (TS) was also recorded for 2 days post-bleaching. The teeth were extracted 2 days after the clinical procedure and subjected to histological analysis. The CC and overall scores for histological evaluation were evaluated by the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. The percentage of patients with TS was evaluated by the Fisher exact test (α = 0.05).

Results

The CC and TS of the HP35 group were significantly higher than those of the CONT group (p < 0.05) and the HP20 group showed an intermediate response, without significant differences from either the HP35 or CONT group (p > 0.05). In both experimental groups, the coronal pulp tissue exhibited partial necrosis associated with tertiary dentin deposition. Overall, the subjacent pulp tissue exhibited a mild inflammatory response.

Conclusions

In-office bleaching therapies using bleaching gels with 20% or 35% HP caused similar pulp damage to the mandibular incisors, characterized by partial necrosis, tertiary dentin deposition, and mild inflammation.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Can pigments of different natures interfere with the cytotoxicity from in-office bleaching?
Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Beatriz Voss Martins, Marlon Ferreira Dias, Victória Peruchi, Caroline Anselmi, Igor Paulino Mendes Soares, Josimeri Hebling, Vanessa Cavalli, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Odontology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Does Patient Age Impact In-Office Tooth Bleaching Outcomes? A Parallel Clinical Trial
JL Martins, IS Araújo, JF Rabelo, CJ Soares, AL Faria-e-Silva, AD Loguercio, PCFS Filho, HL Carlo, GR da Silva
Operative Dentistry.2025; 50(3): 251. CrossRef
Combined catalytic strategies applied to in-office tooth bleaching: whitening efficacy, cytotoxicity, and gene expression of human dental pulp cells in a 3D culture model
Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Victória Peruchi, Igor Paulino Mendes Sores, Filipe Koon Wu Mon, Diana Gabriela Soares, Josimeri Hebling, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Low and high hydrogen peroxide concentrations of in-office dental bleaching associated with violet light: an in vitro study
Isabela Souza Vardasca, Michael Willian Favoreto, Mylena de Araujo Regis, Taynara de Souza Carneiro, Emanuel Adriano Hul, Christiane Philippini Ferreira Borges, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Carlos Francci
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide permeability, color change, and physical–chemical properties on the in‐office dental bleaching with different mixing tip
Michael Willian Favoreto, Sibelli Olivieri Parreiras, Michel Wendlinger, Taynara De Souza Carneiro, Mariah Ignez Lenhani, Christiane Phillipini Ferreira Borges, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(3): 460. CrossRef
Catalysis-based approaches with biopolymers and violet LED to improve in-office dental bleaching
Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Beatriz Voss Martins, Marlon Ferreira Dias, Victória Peruchi, Igor Paulino Mendes Soares, Caroline Anselmi, Josimeri Hebling, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Lasers in Medical Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Feasibility and Safety of Adopting a New Approach in Delivering a 450 nm Blue Laser with a Flattop Beam Profile in Vital Tooth Whitening. A Clinical Case Series with an 8-Month Follow-Up
Reem Hanna, Ioana Cristina Miron, Stefano Benedicenti
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(2): 491. CrossRef
Hydrogen Peroxide in the Pulp Chamber and Color Change in Maxillary Anterior Teeth After In-Office Bleaching
Alexandra Mena-Serrano, Sandra Sanchez, María G. Granda-Albuja, Michael Willian Favoreto, Taynara de Souza Carneiro, Deisy Cristina Ferreira Cordeiro, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Brazilian Dental Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Influence of coating dental enamel with a TiF4-loaded polymeric primer on the adverse effects caused by a bleaching gel with 35% H2O2
Victória Peruchi, Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Igor Paulino Mendes Soares, Lídia de Oliveira Fernandes, Juliana Rios de Oliveira, Maria Luiza Barucci Araújo Pires, Josimeri Hebling, Diana Gabriela Soares, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2024; 153: 106497. CrossRef

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In-office dental bleaching with violet light emitting diode: bleaching efficacy and pulpal temperature rise: Brunna Katyuscia de Almeida Guanaes, Talyta Neves Duarte, Gisele Maria Correr, Marina da Rosa Kaizer, Carla Castiglia Gonzaga; Restor Dent Endod 2022;47(1):e7. Published online February 3, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2022.47.e7

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Objectives

This study evaluated the bleaching efficacy of different in-office protocols associated with violet light emitting diode (V-LED), and measured the pulpal temperature rise caused by V-LED with or without gel application.

Materials and Methods

Bovine incisors were distributed in 4 groups (n = 10): VL – V-LED; HP – 35% hydrogen peroxide (control); HYB – hybrid protocol, V-LED applied without gel for 10 irradiation cycles followed by V-LED applied with gel for another 10 irradiation cycles; and HPVL – gel and V-LED applied for 20 irradiation cycles. Three bleaching sessions were performed with 7-day intervals. Bleaching efficacy was evaluated with $ΔEab*$ , ΔE₀₀ and ΔWI_D. Data were recorded at baseline, 7, 14, 21 and 70 days. For pulpal temperature rise, thermocouples were placed inside the pulp chamber of human incisors. To determine intrapulpal temperature, the teeth were irradiated with V-LED with or without application of bleaching gel. Color difference data were analyzed by 2-way repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey’s test. Pulpal temperature was analyzed by t-test (α = 5%).

Results

VL exhibited lower color ( $ΔEab*$ and ΔE₀₀) and whiteness changes (ΔWI_D) than the other groups. HPVL presented higher color change values than HYB. HYB and HPVL showed not different ΔWI_D values; and HP showed the highest whiteness changes at all times. There were significant differences comparing ΔT with gel (8.9°C) and without gel application (7.2°C).

Conclusions

HPLV was more efficient than HYB. The 2 protocols with VL showed similar results to control. Gel application combined with VL promoted higher pulpal temperature than to the no gel group.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of antioxidant on tooth sensitivity after bleaching
Mohamed Nabil, Mostafa Mohamed Hasan, Eman Abd Elghany Shebl
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(3): 429. CrossRef
In-office Bleaching Activated With Violet LED: Effect on Pulpal and Tooth Temperature and Pulp Viability
NR Carlos, RT Basting, KR Kantovitz, ES Bronze-Uhle, PN Lisboa Filho, V Cavalli, RT Basting
Operative Dentistry.2024; 49(3): 262. CrossRef
Low and high hydrogen peroxide concentrations of in-office dental bleaching associated with violet light: an in vitro study
Isabela Souza Vardasca, Michael Willian Favoreto, Mylena de Araujo Regis, Taynara de Souza Carneiro, Emanuel Adriano Hul, Christiane Philippini Ferreira Borges, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Carlos Francci
Clinical Oral Investigations.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Bleaching efficacy of in-office bleaching with violet light using low-concentration hydrogen peroxide nanoparticulate photocatalyst gel: A randomized controlled trial
Gustavo Garcia Castro, Palena Araújo Pinto, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandra Reis, Maria Viviana-Mora, Rita de Cássia Mendonça de Miranda, Andres Felipe Milan Cardenas, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Rudys Rodolfo de Jesus Tavarez
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2024; 50: 104410. CrossRef
Influence of Different Light-Activated Bleaching Gels on Pulp Chamber Temperature: An In Vitro Study
Mandana Karimi, Elmira Ataee, Ladan Ranjbar Omrani, Mahdi Abbasi, Elham Ahmadi
Avicenna Journal of Dental Research.2024; 16(4): 225. CrossRef
Continuous vs fractionated violet LED light protocols for dental bleaching: Evaluations of color change and temperature of the dental pulp and buccal surface
Mayanna Pacheco Trindade Najar, Luciana Hilel Rangel Barbosa, Natália Russo Carlos, Fabiana Mantovani Gomes França, Cecilia Pedroso Turssi, Waldemir Francisco Vieira-Junior, Roberta Tarkany Basting
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2023; 42: 103631. CrossRef
Improved esthetic efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity are achieved with a violet LED irradiation of manganese oxide-enriched bleaching gels
Marlon Ferreira Dias, Beatriz Voss Martins, Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Josimeri Hebling, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Lasers in Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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Laboratory model to evaluate efficacy of an experimental titanium oxide nanofibers bleaching agent: Clayton Tran, Ellin Choi, Brittany Watu, Udochukwu Oyoyo, Christopher Perry, So Ran Kwon; Restor Dent Endod 2021;46(4):e47. Published online September 2, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2021.46.e47

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Objectives

This study aimed to use a laboratory model to evaluate the efficacy of an experimental bleaching agent.

Materials and Methods

The model used human extracted molars that were treated and measured for bleaching efficacy. Teeth (n = 50) were distributed into 5 groups: Negative control (NC): immersion in water for 8 hours; Nanofibers (NFs): Experimental titanium dioxide nanofibers with stirring and light activation for 8 hours; Whitestrips (WS): Crest 3D White Glamorous White Whitestrips, 2 applications daily for 30 minutes, 14 days; 1% hydrogen peroxide (HP) standard: 1% hydrogen peroxide for 8 hours; and 30% HP standard: 30% hydrogen peroxide for 8 hours. Instrumental measurements were performed using a spectrophotometer. Results were recorded at baseline, 1-day post-bleaching, and 1-week post-bleaching. Kruskal-Wallis procedure was used to determine differences in color change. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate the relationship between visual and instrumental measurements. Tests of hypotheses were 2-sided with alpha = 0.05.

Results

There was no significant difference in color parameters (L1, a1, b1, and shade guide units [SGU]) at baseline (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference among the groups for overall color change (ΔE*ab) and change in shade guide units (ΔSGU) at 1-day and 1-week post-bleaching (p < 0.05). The higher the HP concentration, the higher the color change as expressed in ΔSGU and ΔE*ab. The negative control exceeded the perceptibility threshold of ΔE* = 1.2 regardless of time point. NFs showed a decrease in chroma, but were not statistically different compared to the negative control.

Conclusions

The laboratory model was successful in screening an experimental bleaching agent.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Evaluating the Efficacy of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles in Combination with Commonly Used Bleaching Agents: An In Vitro Study
Rajasekhar Vemareddy, Sudhakar Naidu, Bala Raju Korrai, Shanmukha Nagadevara, Someshwar Battu, Jyotsnanjali Thati, Sivaji Kavuri
World Journal of Dentistry.2024; 15(5): 377. CrossRef

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Influence of pain-relieving therapies on inflammation and the expression of proinflammatory neuropeptides after dental bleaching treatment: Livia Maria Alves Valentim da Silva, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, Marjorie de Oliveira Gallinari, Francine Benetti, Vanessa Rahal, Edilson Ervolino, Sibele de Alcântara, André Luiz Fraga Briso; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(2):e20. Published online February 28, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e20

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Objectives

To minimize the tooth sensitivity caused by in-office bleaching, many dentists use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and topical desensitizing gels containing potassium nitrate and sodium fluoride. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of these substances on inflammation and the expression of substance P and calcitonin gene-related peptide in pulp nerve fibers.

Materials and Methods

Seventy-two rats were divided into 6 groups as follows: GI, control; GII, only dental bleaching; GIII, only ibuprofen; GIV, ibuprofen administered 30 minutes before and after the bleaching treatment and every 12 hours until the analysis; GV, only topical application of a desensitizing agent; and GVI, topical application of a desensitizing agent before dental bleaching. Placebo gel was applied to the upper left jaw and the bleaching agent was applied to the upper right jaw in all groups. Subsequently, the groups were divided into 3 subgroups based on the time of analysis: 0, 24, and 48 hours after bleaching (n = 8). The rats were euthanized and the maxillae were processed and evaluated by histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses. The data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Dunn test (p < 0.05).

Results

In the bleaching groups, the inflammatory process and expression of neuropeptides decreased over time. The animals in which a desensitizing agent was applied showed better results within 24 hours.

Conclusions

The use of a desensitizing agent had positive effects on inflammation and pain-related neuropeptide expression, minimizing the painful effects of dental bleaching treatment.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effectiveness of Analgesics in Dental Whitening Pain Management: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Gabriella Alves Julião Costa, Caio Ferreira Freire Caetano, Ravy Jucá Farias, Diana Araújo Cunha, Dayrine Silveira de Paula, Edson Luiz Cetira Filho, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva
Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2025; 26(5): 639. CrossRef
Influence of dental bleaching on the pulp tissue: A systematic review of in vivo studies
Mariana Viana Donato, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis‐Prado, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Juliana Goto, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, André Luiz Fraga Briso, Isabella Faria da Cunha Peixoto, Francine Ben
International Endodontic Journal.2024; 57(6): 630. CrossRef
Role of induced nitric oxide synthases in orofacial nociception/discomfort after dental tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide
Marcílio Rodrigues Pinto, Kirlya Isabel da Silva Medeiros, Letícia Menezes Maia, Antonio Alexandre Coelho, Ana Paula Negreiros Nunes Alves, Caio Ferreira Freire Caetano, Karine Cestaro Mesquita, Paulo Goberlânio de Barros Silva, Fabricio Bitu Sousa
Archives of Oral Biology.2024; 161: 105937. CrossRef
Can different agents reduce the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue? A systematic review of basic research
Letícia Aparecida Silva Batista, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Luís Fernando Santos Alves Morgan, Carolina Bosso André, Thaís Yumi Suzuki, Francine Benetti
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Effects of Different Drugs with Anti-Inflamatory Potential in Prevention of Pulp Damage During the Teeth Bleaching
Miona Glisic, Andjela Milojevic, Milica Milinkovic, Marina Rankovic
Experimental and Applied Biomedical Research (EABR).2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Bleaching gel volume influences hydrogen peroxide diffusion, inflammation, and the presence of nitric oxide in the pulp tissue: in vitro and in vivo model
Sibele de ALCÂNTARA, Francine BENETTI, Lívia Maria Alves Valentim da SILVA, Nathália Evelyn da Silva MACHADO, Isabela Joane Prado SILVA, Lara Maria Bueno ESTEVES, Edilson ERVOLINO, Luciano Tavares Angelo CINTRA, André Luiz Fraga BRISO
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Design of a thermosensitive ibuprofen-loaded nanogel as smart material applied as anti-inflammatory in tooth bleaching: An in vivo study
Samara K.S.C.F. Moura, Milena L.V. dos Santos, Lucas A. do Nascimento, Mariana F.A. da Silva, Glória M. de França, Lucas M. da Costa, Aldo C. Medeiros, Raimundo F. Araújo-Júnior, Aurigena A. de Araújo, Cláudia N. Oliveira, André L. Dorini, Rejane A. de Ca
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology.2022; 68: 103123. CrossRef
Topical application of Otosporin® before in-office bleaching: a split mouth, triple-blind, multicenter randomized clinical trial
Michael Willian Favoreto, Laína Vochikovski, Renata Maria Oleniki Terra, Veridiana Silva Campos, Mariana Evangelista Santos, Sônia Saeger Meireles, Alessandra Reis, Alessandro D. Loguercio
Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 26(3): 2555. CrossRef
A novel tooth bleaching gel based on peroxymonosulfate/polyphosphates advanced oxidation process: Effective whitening avoiding pulp damage and sensitivity
Su Yang, Baiyan Sui, Xin Liu, Jiao Sun, Jun Wang
Chemical Engineering Journal.2022; 429: 132525. CrossRef
Effectiveness of Violet LED alone or in association with bleaching gel during dental photobleaching: A Systematic Review
Bianca Rossi, Susana Morimoto, Tamara Kerber Tedesco, Sandra Ribeiro Cunha, Anna Carolina Ratto Tempestini Horliana, Karen Müller Ramalho
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2022; 38: 102813. CrossRef

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Effect of dental bleaching on the microhardness and surface roughness of sealed composite resins: Renan Aparecido Fernandes, Henrico Badaoui Strazzi-Sahyon, Thaís Yumi Umeda Suzuki, André Luiz Fraga Briso, Paulo Henrique dos Santos; Restor Dent Endod 2020;45(1):e12. Published online January 10, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2020.45.e12

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Objectives

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the microhardness and surface roughness of composite resins before and after tooth bleaching procedures.

Materials and Methods

Sixty specimens were prepared of each composite resin (Filtek Supreme XT and Opallis), and BisCover LV surface sealant was applied to half of the specimens. Thirty enamel samples were obtained from the buccal and lingual surfaces of human molars for use as the control group. The surface roughness and microhardness were measured before and after bleaching procedures with 35% hydrogen peroxide or 16% carbamide (n = 10). Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance and the Fisher test (α = 0.05).

Results

Neither hydrogen peroxide nor carbamide peroxide treatment significantly altered the hardness of the composite resins, regardless of surface sealant application; however, both treatments significantly decreased the hardness of the tooth samples (p < 0.05). The bleaching did not cause any change in surface roughness, with the exception of the unsealed Opallis composite resin and dental enamel, both of which displayed an increase in surface roughness after bleaching with carbamide peroxide (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The microhardness and surface roughness of enamel and Opallis composite resin were influenced by bleaching procedures.

Citations

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K. M. S. Aidar, L. T. A. Cintra, M. C. B. Ferreira, T. C. Fagundes, L. M. B. Esteves, J. Goto, A. Catelan, A. L. F. Briso
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Syed Zubairuddin Ahmed, Shahad Al-Qahtani, Naif H. Al-Qahtani, Hussah Al-Mulhim, Maha Al-Qahtani, Ali Albalushi, Sultan Akhtar
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María Melo, Bianca Dumitrache, James Ghilotti, José Luis Sanz, Carmen Llena
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KG Garcia, GP Nunes, ACB Delbem, PH dos Santos, GLP Fernandes, HF Robles, PBB Lemos, M Danelon
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Mohamed M. Abdul-Monem, Mohamed A. Hussein, Mona G. Abdelrehim
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Sukaton, Galih Sampoerno, Widyajeng Ayu Laksmi, Daradhasih Bestari Santiaji
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Alexandru Dan Popescu, Mihaela Jana Tuculina, Oana Andreea Diaconu, Lelia Mihaela Gheorghiță, Claudiu Nicolicescu, Cristian Niky Cumpătă, Cristiana Petcu, Jaqueline Abdul-Razzak, Ana Maria Rîcă, Ruxandra Voinea-Georgescu
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Dental Research Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Micro-Hardness and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Composite Resin: Effect of Surface Sealant Application and Two Bleaching Regimens
Reham Mohamad Attia, Eman Mohamed Sobhy, Mona El Said Abd El Hameed Essa
European Journal of General Dentistry.2023; 12(03): 169. CrossRef
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Jennifer Hoppe, Thomas Lehmann, Christoph-Ludwig Hennig, Ulrike Schulze-Späte, Collin Jacobs
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Jorge Zamudio-Santiago, Marysela Ladera-Castañeda, Flor Santander-Rengifo, Carlos López-Gurreonero, Alberto Cornejo-Pinto, Ali Echavarría-Gálvez, Luis Cervantes-Ganoza, César Cayo-Rojas
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Camila Ferro Clemente, Sibele de Alcântara, Lívia Maria Alves Valentim da Silva, Lara Maria Bueno Esteves, Anderson Catelan, Karen Milaré Seiscento Aidar, Ticiane Cestari Fagundes, André Luiz Fraga Briso
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Seher KAYA, Ozden OZEL BEKTAS
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Giovanna Gisella Ramírez-Vargas, Julia Elbia Medina y Mendoza, Ana Sixtina Aliaga-Mariñas, Marysela Irene Ladera-Castañeda, Luis Adolfo Cervantes-Ganoza, César Félix Cayo-Rojas
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Frontiers in Dental Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

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Evaluation of the effects of whitening mouth rinses combined with conventional tooth bleaching treatments: Jaqueline Costa Favaro, Omar Geha, Ricardo Danil Guiraldo, Murilo Baena Lopes, Andreza Maria Fábio Aranha, Sandrine Bittencourt Berger; Restor Dent Endod 2019;44(1):e6. Published online January 30, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2019.44.e6

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of whitening mouth rinses alone and in combination with conventional whitening treatments on color, microhardness, and surface roughness changes in enamel specimens.

Materials and Methods

A total of 108 enamel specimens were collected from human third molars and divided into 9 groups (n = 12): 38% hydrogen peroxide (HP), 10% carbamide peroxide (CP), 38% HP + Listerine Whitening (LW), 10% CP + LW, 38% HP + Colgate Plax Whitening (CPW), 10% CP + CPW, LW, CPW, and the control group (CG). The initial color of the specimens was measured, followed by microhardness and roughness tests. Next, the samples were bleached, and their color, microhardness, and roughness were assessed. Data were analyzed through 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA; microhardness and roughness) and 1-way ANOVA (color change), followed by the Tukey post hoc test. The Dunnett test was used to compare the roughness and microhardness data of the CG to those of the treated groups.

Results

Statistically significant color change was observed in all groups compared to the CG. All groups, except the LW group, showed statistically significant decreases in microhardness. Roughness showed a statistically significant increase after the treatments, except for the 38% HP group.

Conclusions

Whitening mouth rinses led to a whitening effect when they were used after conventional treatments; however, this process caused major changes on the surface of the enamel specimens.

Citations

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Which Whitening Mouthwash With Different Ingredients Is More Effective on Color and Bond Strength of Enamel?
Elif Varli Tekingur, Fatih Bedir, Muhammet Karadas, Rahime Zeynep Erdem
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2025; 37(4): 960. CrossRef
Do Different Tooth Bleaching–Remineralizing Regimens Affect the Bleaching Effectiveness and Enamel Microhardness In Vitro?
Hamideh Sadat Mohammadipour, Parnian Shokrollahi, Sima Gholami, Hosein Bagheri, Fatemeh Namdar, Salehe Sekandari, Cesar Rogério Pucci
International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of hydrogen peroxide versus charcoal-based whitening mouthwashes on color, surface roughness, and color stability of enamel
Mayada S. Sultan
BMC Oral Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of online marketplace-sourced over-the-counter tooth whitening products on the colour, microhardness, and surface topography of enamel: an in vitro study
Radhika Agarwal, Nikki Vasani, Urmila Sachin Mense, Niharika Prasad, Aditya Shetty, Srikant Natarajan, Arindam Dutta, Manuel S. Thomas
BDJ Open.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Whitening Mouthwashes on Color Change and Enamel Mineralization: An In Vitro Study
Rosa Josefina Roncal Espinoza, José Alberto Castañeda Vía, Alexandra Mena-Serrano, Lidia Yileng Tay
World Journal of Dentistry.2023; 14(9): 739. CrossRef
Effectiveness and Adverse Effects of Over-the-Counter Whitening Products on Dental Tissues
Maiara Rodrigues de Freitas, Marynara Mathias de Carvalho, Priscila Christiane Suzy Liporoni, Ana Clara Borges Fort, Rodrigo de Morais e Moura, Rayssa Ferreira Zanatta
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Renklendirilmiş kompozit rezinin renk değişimine ve yüzey pürüzlülüğüne beyazlatıcı ağız gargarasının etkisi
Şeref Nur MUTLU, Makbule Tuğba TUNCDEMIR
Selcuk Dental Journal.2020; 7(3): 435. CrossRef

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Effect of various bleaching treatments on shear bond strength of different universal adhesives and application modes: Fatma Dilsad Oz, Zeynep Bilge Kutuk; Restor Dent Endod 2018;43(2):e20. Published online April 16, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2018.43.e20

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the bond strength of 2 universal adhesives used in different application modes to bleached enamel.

Materials and Methods

Extracted 160 sound human incisors were used for the study. Teeth were divided into 4 treatment groups: No treatment, 35% hydrogen peroxide, 16% carbamid peroxide, 7.5% carbamid peroxide. After bleaching treatments, groups were divided into subgroups according to the adhesive systems used and application modes (n = 10): 1) Single Bond Universal, etch and rinse mode; 2) Single Bond Universal, self-etch mode; 3) Gluma Universal, etch and rinse mode; 4) Gluma Universal, self-etch mode. After adhesive procedures nanohybrid composite resin cylinders were bonded to the enamel surfaces. All specimens were subjected to shear bond strength (SBS) test after thermocycling. Data were analyzed using a 3-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey post hoc test.

Results

No significant difference were found among bleaching groups (35% hydrogen peroxide, 16% carbamid peroxide, 7.5% carbamid peroxide, and no treatment groups) in the mean SBS values. There was also no difference in SBS values between Single Bond Universal and Gluma Universal at same application modes, whereas self-etch mode showed significantly lower SBS values than etch and rinse mode (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The bonding performance of the universal adhesives was enhanced with the etch and rinse mode application to bleached enamel and non-bleached enamel.

Citations

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Effects of Time-Elapsed Bleaching on the Surface and Mechanical Properties of Dentin Substrate Using Hydrogen Peroxide-Free Nanohydroxyapatite Gel
Aftab Khan, Abdulaziz AlKhureif, Manal Almutairi, Abrar Nooh, Saeed Hassan, Yasser Alqahtani
International Journal of Nanomedicine.2024; Volume 19: 10307. CrossRef
Effect of sodium ascorbate on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to bleached enamel using universal dental adhesive
Saeid Sadeghian, Kamyar Fathpour, Mahshid Biglari
Dental Research Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Quantitative Measurements of the Depth of Enamel Demineralization before and after Bleach: An In Vitro Study
Sara Naim, Gianrico Spagnuolo, Essam Osman, Syed Sarosh Mahdi, Gopi Battineni, Syed Saad B. Qasim, Mariangela Cernera, Hasna Rifai, Nada Jaafar, Elie Maalouf, Carina Mehanna Zogheib, Konstantinos Michalakis
BioMed Research International.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
DİŞ BEYAZLATMA İŞLEMİNİN LİTYUM DİSİLİKAT SERAMİĞİN BAĞLANMA DAYANIMINA ETKİSİ
Merve YILDIRAK, Rıfat GÖZNELİ
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2020; : 1. CrossRef
The Effect of Different Bleaching Protocols, Used with and without Sodium Ascorbate, on Bond Strength between Composite and Enamel
Maroun Ghaleb, Giovanna Orsini, Angelo Putignano, Sarah Dabbagh, Georges Haber, Louis Hardan
Materials.2020; 13(12): 2710. CrossRef
Influence of phototherapy on adhesive strength and microleakage of bleached enamel bonded to orthodontic brackets: An in-vitro study
Erum Khan, Ibrahim Alshahrani, Muhammad Abdullah Kamran, Abdulaziz Samran, Ali Alqerban, Saad Abdul Rehman
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2019; 25: 344. CrossRef
Effect of Er: YAG Laser on Microtensile Bond Strength of Bleached Dentin to Composite
Mohsen Rezaei, Elham Aliasghar, Mohammad Bagher Rezvani, Nasim Chiniforush, Zohreh Moradi
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences.2019; 10(2): 117. CrossRef

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Effect of three nanobiomaterials on microhardness of bleached enamel: Maryam Khoroushi, Farinaz Shirban, Sara Kaveh, Samaneh Doustfateme; Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(3):196-201. Published online July 14, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.3.196

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of incorporating three different nanobiomaterials into bleaching material on microhardness of bleached enamel.

Materials and Methods

The crowns of 24 extracted sound human molars were sectioned. Sixty enamel specimens (2 × 3 × 4 mm) were selected and divided into five groups (n = 12): Group 1 received no bleaching procedure (control); Group 2 underwent bleaching with a 40% hydrogen peroxide (HP) gel; Groups 3, 4, and 5 were bleached with a 40% HP gel modified by incorporation of bioactive glass (BAG), amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) and hydroxyapatite (HA), respectively. The enamel microhardness was evaluated. The differences in Knoop microhardness data of each group were analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by post hoc Tukey tests.

Results

Significant differences were observed between the study groups. The enamel microhardness changes in Groups 1, 3, 4, and 5 were significantly lower than that of Group 2 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that incorporation of each one of the three tested biomaterials as remineralizing agents might be effective in decreasing enamel microhardness changes subsequent to in-office bleaching.

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Protective role of calcium-based agents in dental bleaching gels: insights from a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical and laboratory evidence
Gabriel Pereira Nunes, Renata de Oliveira Alves, Geórgia Rondó Peres, Matheus Henrique Faccioli Ragghianti, Priscila Toninatto Alves de Toledo, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis Prado, Carla Ferreira-Baptista, Alberto Carlos Botazzo Delbem
Clinical Oral Investigations.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Analysis of Enamel Surface and Shear Bond Strength with Orthodontic Bracket at Different Time Intervals After Bleaching Treatment
Yu-Jin Lee, Ji-Yeon Hong, Hye-Min Ku, Song-Yi Yang
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2025; 25(2): 130. CrossRef
Effect of strontium fluorophosphate bioactive glass on color, microhardness and surface roughness of bleached enamel
Shiza Yezdani, Monisha Khatri, Sampath Vidhya, Sekar Mahalaxmi
Technology and Health Care.2024; 32(1): 285. CrossRef
In vitro evaluation of the effect of addition of biomaterials to carbamide peroxide on the bleaching efficacy and microhardness of enamel
Sowmya Kavoor, M. A. Ranjini, Naval Abdul Aziz, H. K. Ashok, Roopa R. Nadig
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(3): 310. CrossRef
Effect of hydrogen peroxide and its combination with nano-hydroxyapatite or nano-bioactive glass on the enamel demineralization and tooth color: An in vitro study
Elham Kheradmand, Alirea Daneshkazemi, Abdolrahim Davari, Maede Kave, Solmaz Ghanbarnejad
Dental Research Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Over‐the‐counter bleaching agents can help with tooth whitening maintenance
Olívia Santana Jorge, Carolina Noronha Ferraz de Arruda, Rafaella Tonani Torrieri, Rocio Geng Vivanco, Fernanda de Carvalho Panzeri Pires‐de‐Souza
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2022; 34(2): 328. CrossRef
Effect of Indigenously Developed Nano-Hydroxyapatite Crystals from Chicken Egg Shell on the Surface Hardness of Bleached Human Enamel
Divya Kunam, Vidhya Sampath, Sujatha Manimaran, Mahalaxmi Sekar
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry.2019; 10(3): 489. CrossRef
Influence of Time Intervals between Bleaching Procedures on Enamel Microhardness and Surface Roughness
Roberta Pimentel de Oliveira, Juliana Costa Pereira Baia, Mara Eliane Soares Ribeiro, Mario Honorato da Silva e Souza Junior, Sandro Cordeiro Loretto
The Open Dentistry Journal.2018; 12(1): 555. CrossRef

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Antioxidant therapy enhances pulpal healing in bleached teeth: Adriano Fonseca Lima, Marcelo Rocha Marques, Diana Gabriela Soares, Josimeri Hebling, Giselle Maria Marchi, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa; Restor Dent Endod 2016;41(1):44-54. Published online February 1, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2016.41.1.44

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the histopathological effects of an antioxidant therapy on the pulp tissue of rat teeth exposed to a bleaching gel with 35% hydrogen peroxide.

Materials and Methods

Forty rats were subjected to oral ingestion by gavage of distilled water (DW) or ascorbic acid (AA) 90 min before the bleaching therapy. For the bleaching treatment, the agent was applied twice for 5 min each to buccal surfaces of the first right mandibular molars. Then, the animals were sacrificed at 6 hr, 24 hr, 3 day, or 7 day post-bleaching, and the teeth were processed for microscopic evaluation of the pulp tissue.

Results

At 6 hr, the pulp tissue showed moderate inflammatory reactions in all teeth of both groups. In the DW and AA groups, 100% and 80% of teeth exhibited pulp tissue with significant necrosis and intense tissue disorganization, respectively. At 24 hr, the AA-treated group demonstrated a greater regenerative capability than the DW group, with less intense inflammatory reaction and new odontoblast layer formation in 60% of the teeth. For up to the 7 day period, the areas of pulpal necrosis were replaced by viable connective tissue, and the dentin was underlined by differentiated odontoblast-like cells in most teeth of both groups.

Conclusions

A slight reduction in initial pulpal damage during post-bleaching was promoted by AA therapy. However, the pulp tissue of AA-treated animals featured faster regenerative potential over time.

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Influence of dental bleaching on the pulp tissue: A systematic review of in vivo studies
Mariana Viana Donato, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis‐Prado, Lucas Guimarães Abreu, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Juliana Goto, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves, Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra, André Luiz Fraga Briso, Isabella Faria da Cunha Peixoto, Francine Ben
International Endodontic Journal.2024; 57(6): 630. CrossRef
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE TEETH WHITENING PROCEDURE ON THE GUM AND CYTOKINE PROFILE OF ORAL FLUID (LITERATURE REVIEW)
S. S. Bozhik, N. V. Hasyuk, V. B. Radchuk
Bulletin of Problems Biology and Medicine.2024; 1(3): 17. CrossRef
Assessing the Viability of Laser-Activated Dental Bleaching Compared to Conventional In-Office Bleaching Methods: A Systematic Review of Clinical and In Vitro Studies
Eugenia Anagnostaki, Valina Mylona, Steven Parker, Mark Cronshaw, Martin Grootveld
Applied Sciences.2023; 13(22): 12459. CrossRef
Effects of the application of sodium ascorbate after in-office bleaching on the penetration of hydrogen peroxide, color change, and microtensile bond strength
Alexandra Mena-Serrano, María G. Granda-Albuja, Jenny Naranjo, Eliana Aldás Fierro, Michael Willian Favoreto, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Brazilian Dental Journal.2023; 34(5): 87. CrossRef
Can different agents reduce the damage caused by bleaching gel to pulp tissue? A systematic review of basic research
Letícia Aparecida Silva Batista, Alexandre Henrique dos Reis-Prado, Hebertt Gonzaga dos Santos Chaves, Lara Cancella de Arantes, Luís Fernando Santos Alves Morgan, Carolina Bosso André, Thaís Yumi Suzuki, Francine Benetti
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Design of a thermosensitive ibuprofen-loaded nanogel as smart material applied as anti-inflammatory in tooth bleaching: An in vivo study
Samara K.S.C.F. Moura, Milena L.V. dos Santos, Lucas A. do Nascimento, Mariana F.A. da Silva, Glória M. de França, Lucas M. da Costa, Aldo C. Medeiros, Raimundo F. Araújo-Júnior, Aurigena A. de Araújo, Cláudia N. Oliveira, André L. Dorini, Rejane A. de Ca
Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology.2022; 68: 103123. CrossRef
Effect of bleaching gel volume on color change and postoperative sensitivity: a randomized clinical study
Lara Maria Bueno Esteves, Paulo Henrique dos Santos, Ticiane Cestari Fagundes, Marjorie de Oliveira Gallinari, Giulia Bessa de Mello Antonaccio, Luciano Tavares Ângelo Cintra, André Luiz Fraga Briso
Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 26(3): 2527. CrossRef
Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Exhibit Different Biological Behaviours in Response to Commercial Bleaching Products
Carmen Llena, Mar Collado-González, Christopher Joseph Tomás-Catalá, David García-Bernal, Ricardo Elías Oñate-Sánchez, Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano, Leopoldo Forner
Materials.2018; 11(7): 1098. CrossRef
Concentration‐dependent effect of bleaching agents on the immunolabelling of interleukin‐6, interleukin‐17 and CD5‐positive cells in the dental pulp
F. Benetti, J. E. Gomes‐Filho, L. L. Ferreira, G. Sivieri‐Araújo, E. Ervolino, A. L. F. Briso, L. T. A. Cintra
International Endodontic Journal.2018; 51(7): 789. CrossRef

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Effects of applying antioxidants on bond strength of bleached bovine dentin: Hyo-Jin Whang, Dong-Hoon Shin; Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(1):37-43. Published online October 13, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.37

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

Some antioxidants are believed to restore dentin bond strength after dental bleaching. This study was done to evaluate the influence of antioxidants on the bond strength of bleached bovine dentin.

Materials and Methods

Thirty incisors were randomly assigned to 10 groups (two unbleached control and eight bleached groups: immediate bonding IB, 4 wk delayed bonding DB, 10% sodium ascorbate treated SA, 10% α-tocopherol treated TP groups). Teeth in half of groups were subjected to thermal stress, whereas the remaining groups were not. Resin-dentin rods with a cross-sectional area of 2.25 mm² were obtained and microtensile bond strength was determined at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. Fifteen specimens were prepared for SEM to compare the surface characteristics of each group. The change in dentin bond strength from thermal stress and antioxidant treatment was evaluated using two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Sheffe's post hoc test at a significance level of 95%.

Results

The control group exhibited the highest bond strength values, whereas IB group showed the lowest value before and after thermocycling. The DB group recovered its bond strength similar to that of the control group. The SA and TP groups exhibited similar bond strength values with those of the control and DB groups before thermocycling. However, The TP group did not maintain bond strength with thermal stress, whereas the SA group did.

Conclusions

Applying a 10% sodium ascorbate solution rather than 10% α-tocopherol solution for 60 sec is recommended to maintain dentin bond strength when restoring non-vitally bleached teeth.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Evaluation of the effect of the application of Quercus cerris extract and the use of fluoride bonding material on the bonding strength of orthodontic brackets after tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide
Ezgi Ay, Derya Dursun
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Effect of glutathione on bond strength of composite resin to enamel following extracoronal bleaching
Nair Devika, Chandrasekaran Charanya, K Athira, James Vandana, Sundaresan Balagopal
Journal of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics.2024; 27(11): 1110. CrossRef
Effect of Chitosan Nanoparticle as an Antioxidant Material on Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin to Enamel after External Bleaching
Diatri Nari Ratih, Shintatika Erlagista, Tunjung Nugraheni
Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2024; 12: 1. CrossRef
Effects of alpha‐tocopherol antioxidant on fracture strength and adhesion of endodontically treated teeth restored after dental bleaching
Natália Marcomini, Maria Carolina da Costa Albaricci, Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa, João Felipe Besegato, Eduardo Fernández Godoy, Andréa Abi Rached Dantas, Milton Carlos Kuga
European Journal of Oral Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Alpha-tocopherol: An alternative solution for the adverse effects of dental bleaching on dentin adhesion
Maria Carolina da Costa Albaricci, Natália Marcomini, Joatan Lucas de Sousa Gomes Costa, Antonia Patricia Oliveira Barros, Lucas David Galvani, Milton Carlos Kuga, Andréa Abi Rached Dantas
International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2024; 131: 103655. CrossRef
Efficacy of organic and antioxidant agents to regain bond strength to bleached enamel in different dental adhesive solvents
Satheesh B Haralur, Renad Mohammed Al-Ibrahim, Faten Abdullah Al-Shahrani, Rahaf Abdullah Al-Qahtani, Saurabh Chaturvedi, Naseer M Alqahtani
Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Present status and future directions – Managing discoloured teeth
Bill Kahler
International Endodontic Journal.2022; 55(S4): 922. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of the postbleaching application of sodium ascorbate, alpha‐tocopherol, and quercetin on shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel
Marzieh Moradian, Maryam Saadat, Mohammad Hossein S. Shiri, Fatemeh Sohrabniya
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2022; 8(6): 1598. CrossRef
Use of antioxidants to restore bond strength after tooth bleaching with peroxides
Dorcas E. R. P. Olmedo, Matheus Kury, Bruna A. Resende, Vanessa Cavalli
European Journal of Oral Sciences.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Elemental and morphological analysis of enamel following the application of two bleaching systems with amorphous calcium phosphate: effect on enamel erosion susceptibility
Shaymaa M. Nagi, Shahinaz H. Nabil, Mohamed H. Zaazou
Bulletin of the National Research Centre.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) gel extract as an antioxidant on the shear bond strength of a resin composite post-bleaching application with 40% hydrogen peroxide
Indes Rosmalisa Suratno, Irfan Dwiandhono, Ryana Budi Purnama
Dental Journal.2021; 54(2): 87. CrossRef
In Vitro Re-Hardening of Bleached Enamel Using Mineralizing Pastes: Toward Preventing Bacterial Colonization
Andrea Scribante, Claudio Poggio, Simone Gallo, Paolo Riva, Antonella Cuocci, Manuel Carbone, Carla Arciola, Marco Colombo
Materials.2020; 13(4): 818. CrossRef
DİŞ BEYAZLATMA İŞLEMİNİN LİTYUM DİSİLİKAT SERAMİĞİN BAĞLANMA DAYANIMINA ETKİSİ
Merve YILDIRAK, Rıfat GÖZNELİ
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2020; : 1. CrossRef
The improvement of biocompatibility of adhesives
Cigdem Atalayin, Huseyin Tezel, Zeynep Ergucu, Nimet Unlu, Guliz Armagan, Taner Dagci, Timur Kose
Clinical Oral Investigations.2019; 23(8): 3213. CrossRef
Dentin bond strength and nanoleakage of the adhesive interface after intracoronal bleaching
Vanessa Cavalli, Maicon Sebold, Mirela Sanae Shinohara, Patrícia Nóbrega Rodrigues Pereira, Marcelo Giannini
Microscopy Research and Technique.2018; 81(4): 428. CrossRef
Composite resin shear bond strength on bleached dentin increased by 35% sodium ascorbate application
Tunjung Nugraheni, N Nuryono, Siti Sunarintyas, Ema Mulyawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi).2017; 50(4): 178. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of Immediate Bond Strength to Bleached Enamel Following Application of Various Antioxidant Solutions
Anshu Minocha, Ashu K. Gupta, Alisha Dhingra, Nayantara Sen
Dental Journal of Advance Studies.2017; 5(2): 84. CrossRef
Effects of Erbium Family Laser on Shear Bond Strength of Composite to Dentin After Internal Bleaching
Nazanin Kiomarsi, Yasaman Arjmand, Mohammad Javad Kharrazi Fard, Nasim Chiniforush
Journal of Lasers in Medical Sciences.2017; 9(1): 58. CrossRef
Antioxidant therapy enhances pulpal healing in bleached teeth
Adriano Fonseca Lima, Marcelo Rocha Marques, Diana Gabriela Soares, Josimeri Hebling, Giselle Maria Marchi, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(1): 44. CrossRef
Effects of alpha-tocopherol on fracture resistance after endodontic treatment, bleaching and restoration
Keren Cristina Fagundes JORDÃO-BASSO, Milton Carlos KUGA, Andrea Abi Rached DANTAS, Mateus Rodrigues TONETTO, Suellen Nogueira Linhares LIMA, Matheus Coêlho BANDÉCA
Brazilian Oral Research.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Resin Bonding of Self-Etch Adhesives to Bovine Dentin Bleached from Pulp Chamber
Akiko Haruyama, Atsushi Kameyama, Junji Kato, Shinji Takemoto, Yutaka Oda, Eiji Kawada, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Masahiro Furusawa
BioMed Research International.2016; 2016: 1. CrossRef

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Effect of 38% carbamide peroxide on the microleakage of silorane-based versus methacrylate-based composite restorations: Sedighe Sadat Hashemi Kamangar, Maryam Ghavam, Nazanin Mahinfar, Seyed Jalal Pourhashemi; Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(3):172-179. Published online May 13, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.3.172

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub: Objectives
This study aimed to assess the effect of 38% carbamide peroxide on the microleakage of class V cavities restored with either a silorane-based composite or two methacrylate-based composites.
Materials and Methods
A total of 96 class V cavities were prepared on the buccal surface of extracted human teeth with both enamel and dentin margins and were randomly assigned into three groups of Filtek P90 (3M-ESPE) + P90 system adhesive (3M-ESPE)(group A), Filtek Z250 (3M-ESPE) + Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M-ESPE)(group B) and Filtek Z350XT (3M-ESPE) + Adper Prompt L-Pop (group C). Half of the teeth were randomly underwent bleaching (38% carbamide peroxide, Day White, Discus Dental, applying for 15 min, twice a day for 14 day) while the remaining half (control) were not bleached. Dye penetration was measured following immersion in basic fuchsine. Data were statistically analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests at a level of 0.05.
Results
No significant differences were found between composites in the control groups in enamel (p = 0.171) or dentin (p = 0.094) margins. After bleaching, microleakage of Z250 (in enamel [p = 0.867] or dentin [p = 0.590] margins) and Z350 (in enamel [p = 0.445] or dentin [p = 0.591] margins) did not change significantly, but the microleakage of P90 significantly increased in both enamel (p = 0.042) and dentin (p = 0.002) margins.
Conclusions
No significant differences were noted between the bleached and control subgroups of two methacrylate-based composites in enamel or dentin margins. Microleakage of silorane-based composite significantly increased after bleaching.

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Effect of Epigallocatechin Gallate on shear bond strength of composite resin to bleached enamel: an in vitro study: Zahra Khamverdi, Loghman Rezaei-Soufi, Shahin Kasraei, Negin Ronasi, Shiva Rostami; Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(4):241-247. Published online November 12, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.4.241

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the shear bond strength of composite resin to bleached enamel.

Materials and Methods

Ninety enamel surfaces of maxillary incisors were randomly divided into 9 groups as follows: G1: control (no bleaching); G2: bleaching; G3: bleaching and storage for seven days; G4 - 6: bleaching and application of 600, 800 and 1,000 µmol of EGCG-containing solution for 10 minutes, respectively; G7 - 9: bleaching and application of 600, 800 and 1,000 µmol of EGCG-containing solution for 20 minutes, respectively. The specimens were bleached with 30% hydrogen peroxide gel and a composite resin cylinder was bonded on each specimen using a bonding agent. Shear bond strength of the samples were measured in MPa. Data was analyzed using the two-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (α = 0.05).

Results

The maximum and minimum mean shear bond strength values were observed in G1 and G2, respectively. Time and concentration of EGCG showed no significant effects on bond strength of the groups (p > 0.05). Multiple comparison of groups did not reveal any significant differences between the groups except for G2 and all the other groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

There is a significant decrease in bond strength of composite resin to enamel immediately after bleaching. A delay of one week before bonding and the use of EGCG increased bond strength of composite resin to bleached enamel.

Citations

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Investigating the effect of two types of antioxidants, pomegranate peel and green tea, on the shear bond strength of microhybrid composites on bleached enamel using sixth generation bondings (lnvitro study)
Parisa Hekmatnejad, Mansoureh Emami Arjomand2, Maryam Rahimikhoob, Bahareh Farar, Shahriar Jalalian
journal of research in dental sciences.2024; 21(2): 116. CrossRef
Color stability of enamel treated with different antioxidant agents following at-home bleaching with 10% hydrogen peroxide
Rodrigo Chiles PEREIRA, Letícia Vasconcelos Silva de SOUZA, Matheus KURY, Iago César Ribeiro Teles MATOS, Reginna Vyctória da Trindade Souza de Melo CARNEIRO, Sandrine Bittencourt BERGER, Vanessa CAVALLI
Journal of Applied Oral Science.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Pomegranate Peel and Green Tea Extract as Antioxidants on Shear Bond Strength of a Microhybrid Composite to Bleached Enamel
F Ghorbani, SH Pourhaghani, H Heshmat, SH Jalalian, MJ Kharazifard
Journal of Research in Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences.2022; 7(2): 62. CrossRef
Effect of nonthermal atmospheric plasma, grape seed extract, and bromelain on immediate bonding of composite to bleached and microabraded surfaces
MayanaAameena Banu, Nagesh Bolla, Sravanthi Tammineedi, Sayesh Vemuri, RamChowdary Basam, AnilKumar Ganapati
Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2022; 25(1): 42. CrossRef
Antioxidant Potential of Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Ascorbic Acid, and Sodium Ascorbate in Solution and Gel Forms by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Assay
Virdah Dwi Dewaantari, Setyabudi Setyabudi, Kun Ismiyatin
Conservative Dentistry Journal.2021; 11(1): 19. CrossRef
Comparative evaluation of 6% cranberry, 10% green tea, 50% aloe vera and 10% sodium ascorbate on reversing the immediate bond strength of bleached enamel: In vitro study
Hena Rahman, Mohd Irfan Ansari, Monika Khangwal, Ravindra Solanki, Shahnaz Mansoori
Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research.2021; 11(2): 107. CrossRef
Vital Bleaching Influences the Bond Strength of Adhesive Systems to Enamel and Dentin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis ofIn VitroStudies
TG Savian, J Oling, FZM Soares, RO Rocha
Operative Dentistry.2021; 46(2): E80. CrossRef
Use of antioxidants to restore bond strength after tooth bleaching with peroxides
Dorcas E. R. P. Olmedo, Matheus Kury, Bruna A. Resende, Vanessa Cavalli
European Journal of Oral Sciences.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
The Role of Epigallocathecin-3-gallate as an Antioxidant After Dental Bleaching on Shear Bond Strength of Composite Resin Restoration
Syarifah Nadhira Assyafira Al-Habsyi, Kun Ismiyatin, Galih Sampoerno
Conservative Dentistry Journal.2021; 11(1): 42. CrossRef
Natural antioxidants to restore immediate bond strength to bleached enamel: Systematic review and meta‐analysis of in vitro studies
Juana Rodríguez‐Barragué, Joanna Vola‐Gelmini, Marcel Skuras‐Siedemburg, José Alejandro Rivera‐Gonzaga, Carlos Enrique Cuevas‐Suarez
Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2021; 33(5): 702. CrossRef
DİŞ BEYAZLATMA İŞLEMİNİN LİTYUM DİSİLİKAT SERAMİĞİN BAĞLANMA DAYANIMINA ETKİSİ
Merve YILDIRAK, Rıfat GÖZNELİ
Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2020; : 1. CrossRef
Influence of green tea extract in the color of composite resin restorations
R.G. Lopes, B. Oliveira-Reis, A.T. Maluly-Proni, M.H.T. Silva, A.L.F. Briso, P.H. dos Santos
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2019; 100: 103408. CrossRef
Influence of protease inhibitors on the degradation of sound, sclerotic and caries-affected demineralized dentin
B. Oliveira-Reis, A.T. Maluly-Proni, T.C. Fagundes, G. Vasconcelos, E. Bresciani, A. Prakki, P.H. dos Santos
Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2019; 97: 1. CrossRef
Comparative Evaluation of Immediate Bond Strength to Bleached Enamel Following Application of Various Antioxidant Solutions
Anshu Minocha, Ashu K. Gupta, Alisha Dhingra, Nayantara Sen
Dental Journal of Advance Studies.2017; 5(2): 84. CrossRef
Bond Strength of Abraded and Non-Abraded Bleached Enamel to Resin After Er,Cr:YSGG Laser Irradiation
Pedro H.C. Oliveira, Alessandra Cassoni, Aldo Brugnera, Ilana P. Tenório, José A. Rodrigues
Photomedicine and Laser Surgery.2017; 35(10): 530. CrossRef
Effect of dentin biomodifiers on the immediate and long-term bond strengths of a simplified etch and rinse adhesive to dentin
Payal Singh, Rajni Nagpal, Udai Pratap Singh
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2017; 42(3): 188. CrossRef
The effect of green tea on the shear strength of brackets after home whitening treatment
Renata C. A. Schwertner, Joyce S. Y. Leoncio, Alessandro Schwertner, Ricardo D. Guiraldo, Murilo B. Lopes, Hellen C. De Carvalho, Alcides Gonini-Júnior, Sandrine B. Berger
Applied Adhesion Science.2016;[Epub] CrossRef
Effects of Green Tea Application Time on Bond Strength after Enamel Bleaching
Andrezza Astafief Ozelin, Ricardo Danil Guiraldo, Rodrigo Varella de Carvalho, Murilo Baena Lopes, Sandrine Bittencourt Berger
Brazilian Dental Journal.2014; 25(5): 399. CrossRef

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Effective application duration of sodium ascorbate antioxidant in reducing microleakage of bonded composite restoration in intracoronally-bleached teeth: Jae-Young Park, Tae-Yub Kwon, Young-Kyung Kim; Restor Dent Endod 2013;38(1):43-47. Published online February 26, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.1.43

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine an appropriate application duration of sodium ascorbate (SA) antioxidant gel in reducing microleakage of bonded composite restoration in intracoronally-bleached teeth.

Materials and Methods

Eighty endodontically-treated human incisors were randomly divided into eight groups: control, no bleaching; IB and DB, immediate and delayed bonding after bleaching, respectively; S10m, S60m, S24h, S3d and S7d, bleaching + SA gel for 10 min, 60 min, 24 hr, 3 day and 7 day, respectively. For bleaching, a mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate was applied for 7 day. All access cavities were restored using One-Step adhesive (Bisco Inc.) and then Aelite LS Packable composite (Bisco Inc.). The bonded specimens were subjected to 500 thermal cycles, immersed in 1% methylene blue for 8 hr, and longitudinally sectioned. Microleakage was assessed with a 0 - 4 scoring system and analyzed using nonparametric statistical methods (α = 0.05).

Results

Group IB showed a significantly higher microleakge than the control group (p = 0.006) and group DB a statistically similar score to the control group (p > 0.999). Although groups S10m, S60m, and S24h exhibited significantly higher scores than group DB (p < 0.05), the microleakage in groups S3d and S7d was statistically similar to that in group DB (p = 0.771, p > 0.999).

Conclusions

Application of SA gel for 3 day after nonvital bleaching was effective in reducing microleakage of composite restoration in intracoronally-bleached teeth.

Citations

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Evaluation of the effect of the application of Quercus cerris extract and the use of fluoride bonding material on the bonding strength of orthodontic brackets after tooth bleaching with hydrogen peroxide
Ezgi Ay, Derya Dursun
PeerJ.2025; 13: e19335. CrossRef
Effect of Herbal Antioxidant on Push-out Bond Strength of Resin-based Composite to Dentin after Intracoronal Bleaching: An In Vitro Study
Parinitha MS, Akshay G, Vidya G. Doddawad, Ashwini Tumkur Shivakumar, Sowmya Halasabalu Kalgeri
Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapeutics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming Activation of the Postbleaching Antioxidant Application Rapidly Improves Bonding to Pulp Chamber Dentin
Nasibe Aycan Yilmaz, Hicran Dönmez Özkan
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and Laser Surgery.2021; 39(4): 289. CrossRef
Hypericum perforatum L.: A Potent Antioxidant Source for the Treatment of Oxidized Dentin: An Experimental In Vitro Study
Nasibe Aycan Yilmaz, Rukiye Yavaser, Arife Alev Karagozler
Journal of Advanced Oral Research.2021; 12(1): 57. CrossRef
Influence of a short‐time antioxidant application on the dentin bond strength after intracoronal bleaching
Muhammet Karadas, Sezer Demirbuga
Microscopy Research and Technique.2019; 82(10): 1720. CrossRef
Composite resin shear bond strength on bleached dentin increased by 35% sodium ascorbate application
Tunjung Nugraheni, N Nuryono, Siti Sunarintyas, Ema Mulyawati
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi).2017; 50(4): 178. CrossRef
Antioxidant therapy enhances pulpal healing in bleached teeth
Adriano Fonseca Lima, Marcelo Rocha Marques, Diana Gabriela Soares, Josimeri Hebling, Giselle Maria Marchi, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(1): 44. CrossRef
Influence of Ethanol Pretreatment on the Bonding of Resin Composite to Bleached Dentin
Ga-Eun Son, Tae-Yub Kwon, Young Kyung Kim
Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2015; 42(4): 279. CrossRef
Effect of 35% Sodium Ascorbate Treatment on Microtensile Bond Strength after Nonvital Bleaching
Jason R. Hansen, Kenneth J. Frick, Mary P. Walker
Journal of Endodontics.2014; 40(10): 1668. CrossRef
Pull-out bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to NaOCl-treated root dentin: effect of antioxidizing agents
Maryam Khoroushi, Marzieh Kachuei
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(2): 95. CrossRef

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Case Report

Invasive cervical resorption: treatment challenges: Yookyung Kim, Chan-Young Lee, Euiseong Kim, Byoung-Duck Roh; Restor Dent Endod 2012;37(4):228-231. Published online November 21, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2012.37.4.228

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Invasive cervical resorption is a relatively uncommon form of external root resorption. It is characterized by invasion of cervical region of the root by fibrovascular tissue derived from the periodontal ligament. This case presents an invasive cervical resorption occurring in maxillary lateral incisor, following damage in cervical cementum from avulsion and intracoronal bleaching procedure. Flap reflection, debridement and restoration with glass ionomer cement were performed in an attempt to repair the defect. But after 2 mon, more resorption extended apically. Considering root stability and recurrence potential, we decided to extract the tooth. Invasive cervical resorption in advanced stages may present great challenges for clinicians. Therefore, prevention and early detection must be stressed when dealing with patients presenting history of potential predisposing factors.

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The Outcome of Decoronation in Severe Cases of External Cervical Root Resorption in Young Patients
Dina Moss, Eyal Nuni, Hagay Slutzky, Daniel Moreinos, Iris Slutzky-Goldberg
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Surgical repair of external cervical resorption - Prognosis and prognostic factors
Po-Yuan Jeng, Shu-Hui Chang, Chen-Ying Wang, Li-Deh Lin, Jiiang-Huei Jeng, Yi-Ling Tsai
Journal of Dental Sciences.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Disease Process, Diagnosis and Treatment of Invasive Cervical Resorption: A Review
Olivia Rotondi, PhiAnh Waldon, Sahng G. Kim
Dentistry Journal.2020; 8(3): 64. CrossRef
Combined endodontic and periodontal management of a class 3 invasive cervical resorption in a mandibular first molar
Takayoshi Nagahara, Katsuhiro Takeda, Yusuke Aida, Tomoyuki Iwata, Ryoichi Yagi, Hidemi Kurihara, Hideki Shiba
Clinical Case Reports.2018; 6(10): 2005. CrossRef
External cervical resorption: a three‐dimensional classification
S. Patel, F. Foschi, F. Mannocci, K. Patel
International Endodontic Journal.2018; 51(2): 206. CrossRef
Invasive cervical resorption and the oro-facial cleft patient: a review and case series
A. O'Mahony, C. McNamara, A. Ireland, J. Sandy, J. Puryer
British Dental Journal.2017; 222(9): 677. CrossRef
Characteristics and treatment of invasive cervical resorption in vital teeth. A narrative review and a report of two cases
P. Tsaousoglou, E. Markou, N. Efthimiades, I. Vouros
British Dental Journal.2017; 222(6): 423. CrossRef
Fifteen-year Clinical Follow-up of Restoration of Extensive Cervical Resorption in a Maxillary Central Incisor
EG Reston, RPR Bueno, LQ Closs, J Zettermann
Operative Dentistry.2017; 42(2): E55. CrossRef
The Assessment and Management of External Cervical Resorption with Periapical Radiographs and Cone-beam Computed Tomography: A Clinical Study
Kreena Patel, Francesco Mannocci, Shanon Patel
Journal of Endodontics.2016; 42(10): 1435. CrossRef
Management of invasive cervical resorption in a maxillary central incisor
SSenthil Kumar, NS Mohan Kumar, JV Karunakaran, S Nagendran
Journal of Pharmacy And Bioallied Sciences.2015; 7(6): 712. CrossRef

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Basic Research

Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation: Young-Suk Noh, Young-Jee Rho, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Hyang-Ok Lee, Sang-Min Lim, Hyun-Jeong Kweon, Yeun Kim, Seong-Yeon Park, Hee-Young Yoon, Jung-Hyun Lee, Chan-Hee Lee, So-Ram Oh, Kee-Yeon Kum; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(4):306-312. Published online July 31, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.4.306

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

This clinical study evaluated the effect of light activation on the whitening efficacy and safety of in-office bleaching system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide gel.

Materials and Methods

Thirty-three volunteers were randomly treated with (n = 17, experimental group) or without light activation (n = 16, control group), using Zoom2 white gel (15% H₂O₂, Discus Dental) for a total treatment time of 45 min. Visual and instrumental color measurements were obtained using Vitapan Classical shade guide and Shadepilot (DeguDent) at screening test, after bleaching, and 1 month and 3 month after bleaching. Data were analyzed using t-test, repeated measure ANOVA, and chi-squared test.

Results

Zoom2 white gel produced significant shade changes in both experimental and control group when pre-treatment shade was compared with that after bleaching. However, shade difference between two groups was not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Tooth shade relapse was not detected at 3 months after bleaching. The incidence of transient tooth sensitivity was 39.4%, with being no differences between two groups.

Conclusions

The application of light activation with Zoom2 white gel system neither achieved additional whitening effects nor showed more detrimental influences.

Citations

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Effect of preference drinks on tooth color reduction after tooth bleaching: A 12-momth follow-up study
Hyo Jin Goo, Min Jeong Cho, Yun Sook Jung, Ji Hye Kim, Fan Dong, Keun Bae Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2016; 40(1): 55. CrossRef
Development of a Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Tooth-whitening Apparatus
Young-Jin Lee, Jong-Hoo Paik, Jeong-Bae Lee, Seung-Jae Choi
Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials.2013; 14(5): 268. CrossRef

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2 Crossref

Clinical Research

The evaluation of clinical efficacy and longevity of home bleaching without combined application of In-office bleaching: Byunk-Gyu Shin, Sung-Eun Yang; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(5):387-394. Published online September 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.5.387

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the whitening efficacy and longevity of home bleaching.

Materials and Methods

A total of 28 patients were divided into either experimental group (Opalescence F; 15% carbamide peroxide) or control group randomly. The patients in experimental group were instructed to wear individual trays applied with bleaching gel for 2 hours a day for 4 weeks. Any treatments weren't applied to the patients in control group. The color measurements of central incisors, lateral incisors & canines of upper and lower arch were recorded at base line, immediately after the finishment of treatmemt (4 weeks), 8 weeks and 12 weeks using Colorimeter (Chroma Meter, 2600d Konica Minolta co.) and Vitapan classical shade guide (Vita Zahnfabrik).

Results

A significantly stronger color change was observed for overall teeth samples in experimental group immediately after treatment (at 4 weeks) compared to ones in control group (p < 0.05). There was also a significant difference between baseline and 8 weeks or 12 weeks separately though color rebouncing phenomenon occurred as time went by (p < 0.05).

Conclusions

The clinical effecacy and longevity of home bleaching without combined application of in-office bleaching was observed through this experiment.

Citations

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Effect of at-home bleaching agents and concentrations on tooth sensitivity: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Renata Maria Oleniki Terra, Michael Willian Favoreto, Tom Morris, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 160: 105891. CrossRef
Effect of at-home agents and concentrations on bleaching efficacy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Renata Maria Oleniki Terra, Michael Willian Favoreto, Tom Morris, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 160: 105857. CrossRef
Effects of Citrus limon Extract on Oxidative Stress-Induced Nitric Oxide Generation and Bovine Teeth Bleaching
Soon-Jeong Jeong
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2021; 21(2): 96. CrossRef
Efficacy of a self - applied paint - on whitening gel combined with wrap
Soo-Yeon Kim, Jae-Hyun Ahn, Ji-Young Kim, Jin-Woo Kim, Se-Hee Park, Kyung-Mo Cho
Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science.2018; 34(3): 175. CrossRef
Home-based chemically-induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults
Prashanti Eachempati, Sumanth Kumbargere Nagraj, Salian Kiran Kumar Krishanappa, Puneet Gupta, Ibrahim Ethem Yaylali
Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of preference drinks on tooth color reduction after tooth bleaching: A 12-momth follow-up study
Hyo Jin Goo, Min Jeong Cho, Yun Sook Jung, Ji Hye Kim, Fan Dong, Keun Bae Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2016; 40(1): 55. CrossRef
Tooth color reduction and consequent patient satisfaction after office and home bleaching: a 6-month follow-up study
Hyo-Jin Goo, Hyeon-Sook Kwun, Jeong-Hee Park, Min-Jeong Cho, Eun-Kyong Kim, Youn-Hee Choi, Keun-Bae Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2015; 39(1): 3. CrossRef

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Basic Researchs

A clinical evaluation of safety of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide: Sin-Young Kim, Je-Uk Park, Chang-Hyen Kim, Sung-Eun Yang; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(3):198-210. Published online May 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.3.198

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This study evaluated the safety of an office bleaching gel (RemeWhite, Remedent Inc., Deurle, Belgium) containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. 37 volunteers were recieved office bleaching with the RemeWhite for 3 times at one visit, total 2 visits. As control group, the same gel in which hydrogen peroxide was not included was applied to 34 volunteers with the same protocol.

There was no difference between experimental group and control group using electric pulp test. In the result of gingival inflammation index and tooth sensitivity test, there was mild pain response in experimental group but it disappeared as time went by. Therefore, safety of the office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide was confirmed.

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Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation
Young-Suk Noh, Young-Jee Rho, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Hyang-Ok Lee, Sang-Min Lim, Hyun-Jeong Kweon, Yeun Kim, Seong-Yeon Park, Hee-Young Yoon, Jung-Hyun Lee, Chan-Hee Lee, So-Ram Oh, Kee-Yeon Kum
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(4): 306. CrossRef

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A clinical evaluation of efficacy of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide: Sin-Young Kim, Je-Uk Park, Chang-Hyen Kim, Sung-Eun Yang; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(1):40-50. Published online January 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.1.040

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

This study evaluated the efficacy of an office bleaching gel (RemeWhite, Remedent Inc., Deurle, Belgium) containing 30% hydrogen peroxide. 31 volunteers were recieved office bleaching with the RemeWhite for 3 times at one visit, total 2 visits. As control group, the same gel in which hydrogen peroxide was not included was applied to 31 volunteers with the same protocol. The shade change (ΔE^*, color difference) of 12 anterior teeth was measured using Colorimerter and Vitapan classical shade guide. The shade change of overall teeth in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group which was measured using Colorimeter. There was also a significant difference between baseline and 14 weeks or 26 weeks though color rebounding phenomenon occurred as time went by. Small shade change difference can be measured accurately using Colorimeter than using Vitapan classical shade guide.

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Spectrophotometric Comparison of Effectiveness of Two In-office Bleaching Agents with/without Light Activation: A Clinical Study
Rasha AlSheikh, Abeer E El-Embaby
The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2018; 19(6): 637. CrossRef
Development of a Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Tooth-whitening Apparatus
Young-Jin Lee, Jong-Hoo Paik, Jeong-Bae Lee, Seung-Jae Choi
Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials.2013; 14(5): 268. CrossRef
Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation
Young-Suk Noh, Young-Jee Rho, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Hyang-Ok Lee, Sang-Min Lim, Hyun-Jeong Kweon, Yeun Kim, Seong-Yeon Park, Hee-Young Yoon, Jung-Hyun Lee, Chan-Hee Lee, So-Ram Oh, Kee-Yeon Kum
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(4): 306. CrossRef

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Original Articles

Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy: Jong-Hyun Park, Hye-Jin Shin, Deok-Young Park, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(2):95-102. Published online March 31, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.2.095

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of light energy on the tooth whitening effect of bleaching agent in vitro. Extracted human mandibular molars were sectioned to 2 fragments(mesial, distal) and lingual portions of crown were used in this study. All specimens were stained using a red wine for 24 hours and immersed in artificial saliva. Specimens divided into four groups, group 1 and 2 light-activated by LumaCool (LED, LumaLite, Inc., Spring Valley, USA), group 3 and 4 light-activated by FlipoWhite2 (Plasma acr lamp, Lokki, Australia). Group 1 and 3 bleached with LumaWhite(LumaLite, Inc., Spring Valley, USA), group 2 and 4 bleached with Polaoffice(SDI, Victoria, Australia). Bleaching treatment performed during 10 minutes every 24 hours and repeated 6 times. During bleaching treatment , distal fragments was light-activated(L) but mesial fragments was not(NL). Shade assessment employed before and after bleaching treatment using spectrophotometer. The results of the change in shade was compared and analysed between NL and L by using paired-sample T test with 95% level of confidence.

There were no significant differences between NL and L with a few exceptions. In group 2, a^* value more change in L, in group 3, b^* value more change in L, in group 4, a^* value less change in L. After bleaching, L^* value and ΔE increased in all groups and the value of a^* and b^* decreased in all groups.

Within the limitation of this test conditions, the results of this study indicate that the light energy has no obvious improving impact on the tooth whitening effect of a bleaching agent.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Development of a Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Tooth-whitening Apparatus
Young-Jin Lee, Jong-Hoo Paik, Jeong-Bae Lee, Seung-Jae Choi
Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials.2013; 14(5): 268. CrossRef
Clinical assessment of whitening efficacy and safety of in-office tooth whitening system containing 15% hydrogen peroxide with or without light activation
Young-Suk Noh, Young-Jee Rho, Yeon-Jee Yoo, Hyang-Ok Lee, Sang-Min Lim, Hyun-Jeong Kweon, Yeun Kim, Seong-Yeon Park, Hee-Young Yoon, Jung-Hyun Lee, Chan-Hee Lee, So-Ram Oh, Kee-Yeon Kum
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(4): 306. CrossRef

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The effectiveness of sealing technique on in-office bleaching: Yoon Lee, So-Ran Kwon, Jeong-Won Park; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(5):463-471. Published online September 30, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.5.463

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This study investigated the clinical effectiveness and safety of sealed bleaching compared to conventional in-office bleaching using a randomized clinical trial of split arch design. Ten participants received a chairside bleaching treatment on the upper anterior teeth, and each side was randomly designated as sealed or control side. A mixture of Brite powder (PacDent, Walnut, USA), 3% hydrogen peroxide and carbamide peroxide (KoolWhite, PacDent, Walnut, USA) were used as bleaching agent. The control side was unwrapped and the experimental side was covered with a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) wrap for sealed bleaching. The bleaching gel was light activated for 1 hour. The tooth shades were evaluated before treatment, after treatment, and at one week check up by means of a visual shade (VS) assessment using a value oriented shade guide and a computer assisted shade assessment using a spectrophotometer (SP). The data were analyzed by paired t-test.

In the control and sealed groups, the visual shade scores after bleaching treatment and at check up showed statistically significant difference from the preoperative shade scores (p < .05). The shade scores of the sealed group were significantly lighter than the control immediately after bleaching and at the check-up appointment (p < 0.05). Compared to prebleaching status, the ΔE values at post-bleaching condition were 4.35 ± 1.38 and 5.08 ± 1.34 for the control and sealed groups, respectively. The ΔE values at check up were 3.73 ± 1.95 and 4.38 ± 2.08 for the control and sealed groups. ΔE values were greater for the sealed group both after bleaching (p < .05) and at check up (p < .05).

In conclusion, both ΔE and shade score changes were greater for the sealed bleaching group than the conventional bleaching group, effectively demonstrating the improvement of effectiveness through sealing.

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A clinical evaluation of a bleaching strip containing 2.9% hydrogen peroxide: Eun-Sook Park, So-Rae Seong, Seong-Tae Hong, Ji-Eun Kim, So-Young Lee, Soo-Youn Hwang, Shin-Jae Lee, Bo-Hyoung Jin, Ho-Hyun Son, Byeong-Hoon Cho; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(4):269-281. Published online July 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.4.269

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This study evaluated the effectiveness and safety of an experimental bleaching strip (Medison dental whitening strip, Samsung medical Co., Anyang, Korea) containing 2.9% hydrogen peroxide. Twenty-three volunteers used the bleaching strips for one and a half hour daily for 2 weeks. As control group, the same strips in which hydrogen peroxide was not included were used by 24 volunteers with the same protocol. The shade change (ΔE*, color difference) of twelve anterior teeth was measured using Shade Vision (X-Rite Inc., S.W. Grandville, MI, USA), Chroma Meter (Minolta Co., Ltd. Osaka, Japan) and Vitapan classical shade guide (Vita Zahnfabrik, Germany). The shade change of overall teeth in the experimental group was significantly greater than that in the control group (p < 0.05) and was easily perceivable. The change resulted from the increase of lightness (CIE L* value) and the decrease of redness (CIE a* value) and yellowness (CIE b* value). The shade change of individual tooth was greatest in canine, and smallest in central incisor. The safety of the bleaching strip was also confirmed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Effect of at-home agents and concentrations on bleaching efficacy: A systematic review and network meta-analysis
Renata Maria Oleniki Terra, Michael Willian Favoreto, Tom Morris, Alessandro D. Loguercio, Alessandra Reis
Journal of Dentistry.2025; 160: 105857. CrossRef
Effects of Citrus limon Extract on Oxidative Stress-Induced Nitric Oxide Generation and Bovine Teeth Bleaching
Soon-Jeong Jeong
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2021; 21(2): 96. CrossRef
Efficacy of a self - applied paint - on whitening gel combined with wrap
Soo-Yeon Kim, Jae-Hyun Ahn, Ji-Young Kim, Jin-Woo Kim, Se-Hee Park, Kyung-Mo Cho
Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science.2018; 34(3): 175. CrossRef
Effects of a whitening strip combined with a desensitizing primer on tooth color
Hae-Eun Shin, Sang-Uk Im, Eun-Kyung Kim, Jong-Hun Kim, Jae-Hyun Ahn, Youn-Hee Choi, Keun-Bae Song
Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health.2016; 40(1): 31. CrossRef
A clinical evaluation of efficacy of an office bleaching gel containing 30% hydrogen peroxide
Sin-Young Kim, Je-Uk Park, Chang-Hyen Kim, Sung-Eun Yang
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(1): 40. CrossRef
The evaluation of clinical efficacy and longevity of home bleaching without combined application of In-office bleaching
Byunk-Gyu Shin, Sung-Eun Yang
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(5): 387. CrossRef
Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy
Jong-Hyun Park, Hye-Jin Shin, Deok-Young Park, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 95. CrossRef
Clinical study of shade improvement and safety of polymer-based pen type BlancTic Forte whitening agent containing 8.3% Carbamide peroxide
Jin-Kyung Lee, Sun-Hong Min, Sung-Tae Hong, So-Ram Oh, Shin-Hye Chung, Young-Hye Hwang, Sung-Yeop You, Kwang-Shik Bae, Seung-Ho Baek, Woo-Cheol Lee, Won-Jun Son, Kee-Yeon Kum
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 154. CrossRef

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Effect of vital tooth bleaching agent on dentin bonding: Na-Young Jeong, Myoung-Uk Jin, Young-kyung Kim, Sung Kyo Kim; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2006;31(2):79-85. Published online March 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2006.31.2.079

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To evaluate the effect of vital tooth bleaching agent and alcohol pretreatment on dentin bonding, flat dentin windows were produced on the buccal side of the crowns of fifty-five extracted, human premolars. A bleaching gel, Opalescence® with 10% of carbamide peroxide (Ultradent Product, USA) was daily applied on the teeth of three experimental groups for six hours for 10 consecutive days, while teeth of a control group were not bleached. After 6 hours of bleaching gel application, the specimens were washed and stored in saline until the next day application. After application of One-step® dentin bonding agent (Bisco, USA), Z-250® resin (3M-ESPE, USA) was bonded to dentin with a mount jig. Shear bond strength was measured with an Instron machine (Type 4202, Instron Corp., USA) after 24 hours. The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test at p < 0.05.

Immediate bonding group showed significantly lower bond strength than un-bleached control group (p < 0.05).

Ethanol-treated group showed significantly higher bond strength compared to immediate bonding group (p < 0.05). However, the bond strength of the ethanol treatment group was lower than that of the un-bleached control group (p < 0.05).

There were no significant difference in shear bond strength between the 2-week delayed bonding group and the ethanol-treated group (p > 0.05) and between delayed bonding group and un-bleached control group (p > 0.05).

In the condition of the present study, it seems that alcohol pretreatment after bleaching procedure can reduce the adverse effect of vital bleaching agent on dentin bonding.

Citations

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Effect of Applying Malatang Sauce by Type Before and After Expert Whitening Agent Treatment on Bovine Tooth Coloring
Chi-Yoon Sung, Hee-Jung Lim, Moon-Jin Jeong, Do-Seon Lim
Journal of Dental Hygiene Science.2025; 25(2): 79. CrossRef
Effect of the bleaching light on whitening efficacy
Jong-Hyun Park, Hye-Jin Shin, Deok-Young Park, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 95. CrossRef

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The influence of the vital bleaching agents on translucency of the bovine enamel: Dong-Jun Kim, Young-Ju Kim, Hak-Geun Kim, Eun-Jong Park, Eun-Ju Seo, Yun-Chan Hwang, Won-Mann Oh, In-Nam Hwang; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2005;30(3):178-183. Published online May 31, 2005; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2005.30.3.178

Abstract PDF PubReader ePub

This study was done to evaluate whether vital bleaching agents could influence on the translucency of the bovine enamel. The anterior bovine teeth that were extracted one day before and without any gross discoloration were obtained and then were preserved in physiologic saline. 6 mm cylindrical tooth specimens were fabricated with diamond puncher perpendicularly on labial surface of bovine tooth. After embedded in transparent acrylic resin with labial surface being exposed, they were cut to a thickness of 1.2 mm with low speed diamond saw (Isomat, Buehler Co., Lake Bluff, IL, USA). They were smoothly ground to 1 mm thickness of enamel with sandpaper. 24 specimens were randomly divided into 3 groups and control group respectively. Opalescence (10% carbamide peroxide, Ultradent, South Jordan, USA), Rembrandt (10% carbamide peroxide, DenMat, USA) and Opalescence F (15% carbamide peroxide with fluoride, Ultradent, USA) were applied on labial sides of the bovine enamel for 7 days (bleaching agents were reapplied every 24 hours) and the opposite surface was contacted to cotton that soaked in distilled water. The control group was soaked in distilled water. Three stimulus value X, Y and Z were evaluated with colorimeter (Color & Color Differencemeter, Model TC-6FX, Tokyo Denshoku Co., Japan) on the labial surface of all specimen three times on white and black background plate before the bleaching agents were applied and on 3rd, 5th and 7th day after applied. The degree of translucency was normally assessed by measuring the inverse property, opacity (contrast ratio).

10% Opalescence, 15% Opalescence-F, and control group showed no significant variation in the translucency of bovine enamel, However Rembrandt decreased the translucency of it (p < 0.01).

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The evaluation of clinical efficacy and longevity of home bleaching without combined application of In-office bleaching
Byunk-Gyu Shin, Sung-Eun Yang
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(5): 387. CrossRef

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Comparison of shear bond strength of different bonding systems on bleached enamel: Kwang-Keun Kim, Jeong-Won Park; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2004;29(1):30-35. Published online January 31, 2004; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2004.29.1.030

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Citations

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The effect of concentration and application time of hydrogen peroxide on the microtensile bond strength of resin restorations to the dentin at different depths
Jeong-Lyong Son, Gye-Young Lee, Yu-Mi Kang, Young-Taek Oh, Kwang-Won Lee, Tae-Gun Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(5): 406. CrossRef
Effect of vital tooth bleaching agent on dentin bonding
Na-Young Jeong, Myoung-Uk Jin, Young-kyung Kim, Sung Kyo Kim
Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2006; 31(2): 79. CrossRef

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The comparison of microleakage on intracoronal restoration after non-vital bleaching: Jae-Eun Jung, Hee-Joo Lee, Bock Hur; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2003;28(1):57-63. Published online January 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2003.28.1.057

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The purpose of the present study were to evaluate microleakage of a fourth generation dentin-bonding agent following a walking bleaching treatment, to determine the effect of temporary postbleaching dressing with calcium hydroxide on microleakage and to investigate the effect of delayed intracoronal restoration on microleakage.

The results of this study were as follows:

1. Bleached groups showed more microleakage than unbleached group.

2. Immediately restored group following bleaching procedure showed the highest microleakage score.

3. One-week delayed restorations showed less microleakage but there were no statistically significant difference between group II and III.

4. Provisional dressing with calcium hydroxide had no influence on microleakage.

It is necessary to know the time that has elapsed from the bleaching treatment to the restoration procedure to achieve optimal seal, as well as to reduce the risk of microleakage in adhesive restoration.

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Bleaching effect of carbamide peroxide gel on discolored nonvital teeth: Sun-Ah Park, Sun-Ho Kim, Yun-Chan Hwang, Byung-Ju Oh, Chang Youn, Yeong-Joon Park, Sun-Wa Jeong, In-Nam Hwang, Won-Mann Oh; J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2002;27(4):441-447. Published online July 31, 2002; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.4.441

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The bleaching of discolored nonvital teeth is conservative treatment that satisfy the cosmetic desire. The most common method for this treatment, walking bleaching, is using 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate.

Many alternatives are suggested for preventing the external cervical root resorption that is the common complication of the nonvital teeth bleaching with 30% hydrogen peroxide.

The same extent of oxidation reactions as that resulted by the bleaching with the application of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate can also be acquired more safely by materials that contain 10% carbamide peroxide, used primarily for the bleaching of vital teeth. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in nonvatal teeth bleaching.

The internal bleaching of intentionally discolored teeth was performed in vitro with 10% carbamide peroxide (Group 1), 15% carbamide peroxide (Group 2), mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate (Group 3), and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate (Group 4). The bleaching materials were refreshed following 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. To evaluate the bleaching effect, the color change of the crowns was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4, 7 and 15 days of bleaching using the colorimeter.

The results were as follows :

1. L* and ΔE* values were increased with time in all bleaching agents(p<0.01).

2. There was no significant difference in L* and ΔE* value among bleaching agents.

3. ΔE* value higher than 3 was shown after 3 days of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide gel, 1 day with 15% carbamide peroxide gel, 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and distilled water and 4 days with mixture sodium perborate and 30% hydrogen peroxide, respectively.

These results revealed that the use of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel in non-vital teeth bleaching is as effective as mixture of distilled water and sodium perborate and mixture of 30% hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate. Accordingly, carbamide peroxide could be used clinically to bleach discolored non-vital teeth.

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