Comparison of apical transportation and change of working length in K3, NRT AND PROFILE rotary instruments using transparent resin block

Min-Jung Yoon; Min-Ju Song; Su-Jung Shin; Euiseong Kim

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.1.59

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Basic Research Comparison of apical transportation and change of working length in K3, NRT AND PROFILE rotary instruments using transparent resin block: Min-Jung Yoon, DDS, MSD¹, Min-Ju Song, DDS, MSD², Su-Jung Shin, DDS, MSD², Euiseong Kim, DDS, MSD, PhD¹; 2011;36(1):-65.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.1.59
Published online: January 31, 2011

¹Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Conservative Dentistry, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to Euiseong Kim, DDS, MSD, PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, Korea 120-752. TEL,+82-2-2228-8701; FAX,+82-2-313-7575; andyendo@yuhs.ac

• Received: November 24, 2010 • Revised: January 5, 2011 • Accepted: January 7, 2011

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

Objectives
The purpose of this study is to compare the apical transportation and working length change in curved root canals created in resin blocks, using 3 geometrically different types of Ni-Ti files, K3, NRT, and Profile.
Materials and Methods
The curvature of 30 resin blocks was measured by Schneider technique and each groups of Ni-Ti files were allocated with 10 resin blocks at random. The canals were shaped with Ni-Ti files by Crown-down technique. It was analyzed by Double radiograph superimposition method (Backman CA 1992), and for the accuracy and consistency, specially designed jig, digital X-ray, and CAD/CAM software for measurement of apical transportation were used. The amount of apical transportation was measured at 0, 1, 3, 5 mm from 'apical foramen - 0.5 mm' area, and the alteration of the working length before and after canal shaping was also measured. For statistics, Kruskal-Wallis One Way Analysis was used.
Results
There was no significant difference between the groups in the amount of working length change and apical transportation at 0, 1, and 3 mm area (p = 0.027), however, the amount of apical transportation at 5 mm area showed significant difference between K3 and Profile system (p = 0.924).
Conclusions
As a result of this study, the 3 geometrically different Ni-Ti files showed no significant difference in apical transportation and working length change and maintained the original root canal shape.
Keywords: Apical transportation; K3; NRT; PROFILE; Working length changes

Figure 1

Photograph of a jig that maintains a constant distance between a X-ray tube and a resin block.

Figure 2

Photograph of a resin block and a digital sensor. (a) Holding part of digital radiographic sensor. (b) Cartesian system. (c) Table for constant position of resin block.

Figure 3

(a) Initial X-ray. (b) X-ray after canal enlargement. (c) Image of the x-ray after canal enlargement processed by Adobe photoshop.

Figure 4

(a) Image of central axis. (b) Measurement of apical transportation using AuotCAD 2000.

Table 1

Mean curvature and working length in three groups

W.L, working length; n, sample size.

Table 2

Change of working length (mm) in three groups

SD, standard deviation; n, sample size.

Table 3

Mean and SD of transportation (mm) at different apical level

^a,b, Groups with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05); SD, standard deviation.

REFERENCES

1. Schilder H. Cleaning and shaping the root canal. Dent Clin North Am. 1974;18(2):269-296.Article PubMed
2. al-Omari MA, Dummer PM, Newcombe RG, Doller R. Comparison of six files to prepare simulated root canals. 2. Int Endod J. 1992;25(2):67-81.PubMed
3. Schafer E, Tepel J, Hoppe W. Properties of endodontic hand instruments used in rotary motion. Part 2. Instrumentation of curved canals. J Endod. 1995;21(10):493-497.Article PubMed
4. Roane JB, Sabala CL, Duncanson MG Jr. The "balanced force" concept for instrumentation of curved canals. J Endod. 1985;11(5):203-211.Article PubMed
5. Abou-Rass M, Frank AL, Glick DH. The anticurvature filing method to prepare the curved root canal. J Am Dent Assoc. 1980;101(5):792-794.Article PubMed
6. Caldwell JL. Change in working length following instrumentation of molar canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976;41(1):114-118.Article PubMed
7. Civjan S, Huget EF, DeSimon LB. Potential applications of certain nickel-titanium (nitinol) alloys. J Dent Res. 1975;54(1):89-96.Article PubMed PDF
8. Walia HM, Brantley WA, Gerstein H. An initial investigation of the bending and torsional properties of Nitinol root canal files. J Endod. 1988;14(7):346-351.Article PubMed
9. Gambill JM, Alder M, del Rio CE. Comparison of nickel-titanium and stainless steel hand-file instrumentation using computed tomography. J Endod. 1996;22(7):369-375.Article PubMed
10. Glossen CR, Haller RH, Dove SB, del Rio CE. A comparison of root canal preparations using Ni-Ti hand, Ni-Ti engine-driven, and K-Flex endodontic instruments. J Endod. 1995;21(3):146-151.Article PubMed
11. Elliott LM, Curtis RV, Pitt Ford TR. Cutting pattern of nickel-titanium files using two preparation techniques. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1998;14(1):10-15.Article PubMed
12. Bergmans L, Van Cleynenbreugel J, Wevers M, Lambrechts P. Mechanical root canal preparation with NiTi rotary instruments: rationale, performance and safety. Status report for the American Journal of Dentistry. Am J Dent. 2001;14(5):324-333.PubMed
13. Bryant ST, Thompson SA, al-Omari MA, Dummer PM. Shaping ability of Profile rotary nickel-titanium instruments with ISO sized tips in simulated root canals: Part 1. Int Endod J. 1998;31(4):275-281.Article PubMed
14. Bramante CM, Berbert A, Borges RP. A methodology for evaluation of root canal instrumentation. J Endod. 1987;13(5):243-245.Article PubMed
15. Garip Y, Gunday M. The use of computed tomography when comparing nickel-titanium and stainless steel files during preparation of simulated curved canals. Int Endod J. 2001;34(6):452-457.PubMed
16. Backman CA, Oswald RJ, Pitts DL. A radiographic comparison of two root canal instrumentation techniques. J Endod. 1992;18(1):19-24.Article PubMed
17. Glickman GN, Koch KA. 21st-century endodontics. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000;131: Suppl. 39S-46S.Article PubMed
18. Pruett JP, Clement DJ, Carnes DL Jr. Cyclic fatigue testing of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. J Endod. 1997;23(2):77-85.Article PubMed
19. Bonetti Filho I, Miranda Esberard R, de Toledo Leonardo R, del Rio CE. Microscopic evaluation of three endodontic files pre- and postinstrumentation. J Endod. 1998;24(7):461-464.Article PubMed
20. Weine FS, Kelly RF, Lio PJ. The effect of preparation procedures on original canal shape and on apical foramen shape. J Endod. 1975;1(8):255-262.Article PubMed
21. Lim KC, Webber J. The validity of simulated root canals for the investigation of the prepared root canal shape. Int Endod J. 1985;18(4):240-246.Article PubMed
22. Dummer PM, Alodeh MH, al-Omari MA. A method for the construction of simulated root canals in clear resin blocks. Int Endod J. 1991;24(2):63-66.Article PubMed
23. Cha YB, Jung IY, Lee SJ, et al. Shaping ability of three ProFile rotary instrumentation techniques in simulated resin root canals. J Endod. 2000;26(12):719-723.PubMed
24. Thompson SA, Dummer PM. Shaping ability of ProFile.04 Taper Series 29 rotary nickel-titanium instruments in simulated root canals. Part 1. Int Endod J. 1997;30(1):1-7.Article PubMed
25. Schafer E, Florek H. Efficiency of rotary nickel-titanium K3 instruments compared with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile. Part 1. Shaping ability in simulated curved canals. Int Endod J. 2003;36(3):199-207.Article PubMed PDF
26. Iqbal MK, Maggiore F, Suh B, Edwards KR, Kang J, Kim S. Comparison of apical transportation in four Ni-Ti rotary instrumentation techniques. J Endod. 2003;29(9):587-591.Article PubMed

Tables & Figures

Figure 1

Photograph of a jig that maintains a constant distance between a X-ray tube and a resin block.

Figure 2

Photograph of a resin block and a digital sensor. (a) Holding part of digital radiographic sensor. (b) Cartesian system. (c) Table for constant position of resin block.

Figure 3

(a) Initial X-ray. (b) X-ray after canal enlargement. (c) Image of the x-ray after canal enlargement processed by Adobe photoshop.

Figure 4

(a) Image of central axis. (b) Measurement of apical transportation using AuotCAD 2000.

Table 1

Mean curvature and working length in three groups

W.L, working length; n, sample size.

Table 2

Change of working length (mm) in three groups

SD, standard deviation; n, sample size.

Table 3

Mean and SD of transportation (mm) at different apical level

^a,b, Groups with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05); SD, standard deviation.

REFERENCES

1. Schilder H. Cleaning and shaping the root canal. Dent Clin North Am. 1974;18(2):269-296.Article PubMed
2. al-Omari MA, Dummer PM, Newcombe RG, Doller R. Comparison of six files to prepare simulated root canals. 2. Int Endod J. 1992;25(2):67-81.PubMed
3. Schafer E, Tepel J, Hoppe W. Properties of endodontic hand instruments used in rotary motion. Part 2. Instrumentation of curved canals. J Endod. 1995;21(10):493-497.Article PubMed
4. Roane JB, Sabala CL, Duncanson MG Jr. The "balanced force" concept for instrumentation of curved canals. J Endod. 1985;11(5):203-211.Article PubMed
5. Abou-Rass M, Frank AL, Glick DH. The anticurvature filing method to prepare the curved root canal. J Am Dent Assoc. 1980;101(5):792-794.Article PubMed
6. Caldwell JL. Change in working length following instrumentation of molar canals. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol. 1976;41(1):114-118.Article PubMed
7. Civjan S, Huget EF, DeSimon LB. Potential applications of certain nickel-titanium (nitinol) alloys. J Dent Res. 1975;54(1):89-96.Article PubMed PDF
8. Walia HM, Brantley WA, Gerstein H. An initial investigation of the bending and torsional properties of Nitinol root canal files. J Endod. 1988;14(7):346-351.Article PubMed
9. Gambill JM, Alder M, del Rio CE. Comparison of nickel-titanium and stainless steel hand-file instrumentation using computed tomography. J Endod. 1996;22(7):369-375.Article PubMed
10. Glossen CR, Haller RH, Dove SB, del Rio CE. A comparison of root canal preparations using Ni-Ti hand, Ni-Ti engine-driven, and K-Flex endodontic instruments. J Endod. 1995;21(3):146-151.Article PubMed
11. Elliott LM, Curtis RV, Pitt Ford TR. Cutting pattern of nickel-titanium files using two preparation techniques. Endod Dent Traumatol. 1998;14(1):10-15.Article PubMed
12. Bergmans L, Van Cleynenbreugel J, Wevers M, Lambrechts P. Mechanical root canal preparation with NiTi rotary instruments: rationale, performance and safety. Status report for the American Journal of Dentistry. Am J Dent. 2001;14(5):324-333.PubMed
13. Bryant ST, Thompson SA, al-Omari MA, Dummer PM. Shaping ability of Profile rotary nickel-titanium instruments with ISO sized tips in simulated root canals: Part 1. Int Endod J. 1998;31(4):275-281.Article PubMed
14. Bramante CM, Berbert A, Borges RP. A methodology for evaluation of root canal instrumentation. J Endod. 1987;13(5):243-245.Article PubMed
15. Garip Y, Gunday M. The use of computed tomography when comparing nickel-titanium and stainless steel files during preparation of simulated curved canals. Int Endod J. 2001;34(6):452-457.PubMed
16. Backman CA, Oswald RJ, Pitts DL. A radiographic comparison of two root canal instrumentation techniques. J Endod. 1992;18(1):19-24.Article PubMed
17. Glickman GN, Koch KA. 21st-century endodontics. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000;131: Suppl. 39S-46S.Article PubMed
18. Pruett JP, Clement DJ, Carnes DL Jr. Cyclic fatigue testing of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments. J Endod. 1997;23(2):77-85.Article PubMed
19. Bonetti Filho I, Miranda Esberard R, de Toledo Leonardo R, del Rio CE. Microscopic evaluation of three endodontic files pre- and postinstrumentation. J Endod. 1998;24(7):461-464.Article PubMed
20. Weine FS, Kelly RF, Lio PJ. The effect of preparation procedures on original canal shape and on apical foramen shape. J Endod. 1975;1(8):255-262.Article PubMed
21. Lim KC, Webber J. The validity of simulated root canals for the investigation of the prepared root canal shape. Int Endod J. 1985;18(4):240-246.Article PubMed
22. Dummer PM, Alodeh MH, al-Omari MA. A method for the construction of simulated root canals in clear resin blocks. Int Endod J. 1991;24(2):63-66.Article PubMed
23. Cha YB, Jung IY, Lee SJ, et al. Shaping ability of three ProFile rotary instrumentation techniques in simulated resin root canals. J Endod. 2000;26(12):719-723.PubMed
24. Thompson SA, Dummer PM. Shaping ability of ProFile.04 Taper Series 29 rotary nickel-titanium instruments in simulated root canals. Part 1. Int Endod J. 1997;30(1):1-7.Article PubMed
25. Schafer E, Florek H. Efficiency of rotary nickel-titanium K3 instruments compared with stainless steel hand K-Flexofile. Part 1. Shaping ability in simulated curved canals. Int Endod J. 2003;36(3):199-207.Article PubMed PDF
26. Iqbal MK, Maggiore F, Suh B, Edwards KR, Kang J, Kim S. Comparison of apical transportation in four Ni-Ti rotary instrumentation techniques. J Endod. 2003;29(9):587-591.Article PubMed

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A comparison of dimensional standard of several nickel-titanium rotary files
Ki-Won Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park, Ki-Yeol Choi, Bekir Karabucak, Jin-Woo Kim
Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(1): 7. CrossRef

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Comparison of apical transportation and change of working length in K3, NRT AND PROFILE rotary instruments using transparent resin block

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2011;36(1):59-65. Published online January 31, 2011

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.1.59

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Figure

Comparison of apical transportation and change of working length in K3, NRT AND PROFILE rotary instruments using transparent resin block

Figure 1 Photograph of a jig that maintains a constant distance between a X-ray tube and a resin block.

Figure 2 Photograph of a resin block and a digital sensor. (a) Holding part of digital radiographic sensor. (b) Cartesian system. (c) Table for constant position of resin block.

Figure 3 (a) Initial X-ray. (b) X-ray after canal enlargement. (c) Image of the x-ray after canal enlargement processed by Adobe photoshop.

Figure 4 (a) Image of central axis. (b) Measurement of apical transportation using AuotCAD 2000.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Comparison of apical transportation and change of working length in K3, NRT AND PROFILE rotary instruments using transparent resin block

Table 1

Mean curvature and working length in three groups

W.L, working length; n, sample size.

Table 2

Change of working length (mm) in three groups

SD, standard deviation; n, sample size.

Table 3

Mean and SD of transportation (mm) at different apical level

^a,b, Groups with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05); SD, standard deviation.

Table 1 Mean curvature and working length in three groups

W.L, working length; n, sample size.

Table 2 Change of working length (mm) in three groups

SD, standard deviation; n, sample size.

Table 3 Mean and SD of transportation (mm) at different apical level

^a,b, Groups with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05); SD, standard deviation.