Comparison of warm gutta-percha condensation techniques in ribbon shaped canal: weight of filled gutta-percha

Hyun-Hee Kim; Kyung-Mo Cho; Jin-Woo Kim

doi:10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.3.277

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Original Article Comparison of warm gutta-percha condensation techniques in ribbon shaped canal: weight of filled gutta-percha: Hyun-Hee Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho, Jin-Woo Kim; 2002;27(3):-283.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.3.277
Published online: May 31, 2002

Department of Conservative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Kangnung National University, Kangnung, Korea.

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Abstract
REFERENCES

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the two warm gutta-percha filling techniques by measuring the weight changes of resin blocks before and after canal filling in ribbon shaped canal. Simulated ribbon shaped root canals in 30 transparent resin blocks were instrumented to #40 using .06 taper Profile. 15 resin blocks were obturated with gutta-percha using cold lateral condensation. Warm lateral condensation using the Endotec II was then accomplished on the same 15 blocks. Another 15 resin blocks were obturated using the System B. All canals were obturated without sealer. The resin blocks were weighed after canal preparation and after each subsequent obturation, and then weight changes of the resin blocks were calculated.

The results were as follows.

1. Warm lateral condensation using Endotec II and continuous wave of condensation using System B produced a denser obturation of gutta-percha compared with conventional cold lateral condensation (p<0.01).

2. There was no significant difference between warm lateral condensation and continuous wave condensation.

In conclusion, the warm gutta-percha condensation techniques like warm lateral condensation and continuous wave condensation can be expected to bring favorable canal obturation results in ribbon shaped canals.

Fig. 1

Representative photograph of lateral condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex )

Nonhomogeneous gutta-percha filling containing voids between the gutta-percha cones and the canal walls, as well as in isthmus

Fig. 2

Representative photograph of warm lateral condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex )

Homogeneous gutta-percha filling with little void and well filled isthmus

Fig. 3

Representative photograph of Continuous wave condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex )

Homogeneous gutta-percha filling with little void and well filled isthmus

Table 1

Mean weights of filled gutta-percha

Table 2

Comparison of gutta-percha weights between groups(ANOVA)

Table 3

Post Hoc Test (Tukey HCD)

REFERENCES

1. Nguygen NT. Obturation of the root canal system. Pathway of the pulp. 1994;6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 219-271.
2. Dow PR, Ingle JI. Isotope determination of root canal failure. Oral Surg. 1955;8: 1100-1104.Article PubMed
3. Schilder H. Filling root canals in three dimensions. Dent Clin North Am. 1967;11: 723-744.Article
4. Brayton SM, Davis SR, Goldman M. Gutta-percha root canal fillings, an in vitro analysis. I. Oral Surg. 1973;35: 226-231.PubMed
5. Dang DA, Walton RE. Vertical root fracture and root distortion : effect of spreader design. J Endod. 1989;15: 294-301.Article PubMed
6. Brothman P. A comparative study of the vertical and lateral condensation of gutta-percha. J Endod. 1981;7: 27-30.PubMed
7. Larder TC, Prescott AJ, Brayton SM. Gutta-percha: a comparative study of three methods of obturation. J Endod. 1976;2: 289-294.Article PubMed
8. Endotec. Endotec Thermal Endodontic Condenser System. 1987;Clinical manual.
9. Kersten HW, Fransman R, von Velzen T. Thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha. I. A comparison of several compaction procedures. Int Endod J. 1986;19: 125-133.Article PubMed
10. Buchanann LS. The continuous wave of condensation technique : A convergences of conceptual and procedural advance in obturation. Dent Today. 1994;13: 80. 82. 84-85.
11. System B heat source model 1005 Instruction guidelines. Redconde, WA, USA: Analytic Technology Corp.
12. Davis SR, Brayton SM, Goldman M. The morphology of the prepared root canal : a study utilizing injectable silicone. Oral Surg. 1972;34: 642-648.Article PubMed
13. Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg. 1984;58: 589-599.Article PubMed
14. Green D. Double canal in single roots. Oral Surg. 1973;35: 689-696.PubMed
15. Weller RN, Niemczyk SP, Kim S. Incidence and position of the canal isthmus. I. Mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar. J Endod. 1995;21: 380-383.PubMed
16. Kerestes K, Rowe AHR. Thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha root filling. Int Endod J. 1982;15: 27-35.Article PubMed
17. Kersten HW, Fransman R, von Velzen T. Thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha II: A comparison with lateral condensation in curved root canal. Int Endod J. 1986;19: 134-140.PubMed
18. Nelson EA, Liewehr FR, West LA. Increased density of gutta-percha using a controlled heat instrunent with lateral condensation. J Endod. 2000;26: 748-750.PubMed
19. Hata G, Kawazoe S, Toda T, Weine FS. Sealing ability of thermoplasticized gutta-percha filling technique as assessed by a new method of determing apical leakage. J Endod. 1995;21: 167-172.PubMed
20. LaCombe JS, Campbell AD, Hicks ML, Pelleu GB. A comparison of the apical seal produced by two thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique. J Endod. 1988;14: 445-450.PubMed
21. DuLac KA, Nielsen CJ, Tomazic TJ, Ferrillo PJ, Hatton JF. Comparison of the obturation of lateral canals by six techniques. J Endod. 1999;25: 376-380.Article PubMed
22. Reader CM, Himel VT, Germain LP, Hoen MM. Effect of three obturation techniques on the filling of lateral canals and the main canal. J Endod. 1993;19: 404-408.Article PubMed
23. Veis AA, Molyvdas IA, Lambrianidis TP, Beltes PG. In vitro evaluation of apical leakage of root canal filling after in situ obturation with thermoplasticized and laterally condensed gutta-percha. Int Endod J. 1994;21: 213-217.
24. Lares C, Eldeeb ME. The sealing ability of the thermafil obturation technique. J Endod. 1990;16: 474-479.Article PubMed
25. Michailesco PM, Valcarcel J, Grieve AR, Levallois B, Lerner D. Bacterial leakage in endodontics. J Endod. 1996;22: 535-539.PubMed
26. Czonstkowsky M, Michanowicz A, Vazquez JA. Evaluation of an injection of thermoplasticized low temperature gutta-percha using radioactive isotopes. J Endod. 1985;11: 71-74.Article PubMed
27. Liewehr FR, Kullid JC, Primack PD. Obturation of C-shaped canal using an improved method of warm lateral condensation. J Endod. 1993;19: 474-477.PubMed
28. Liewehr FR, Kullid JC, Primack PD. Improved density of gutta-percha after warm lateral condensation. J Endod. 1993;19: 489-491.Article PubMed
29. Friedman CM, Sandrik JL, Heuer MA, Rapp GW. Composition and physical properties of gutta-percha endodontic filling materials. J Endod. 1977;3: 304-308.Article PubMed

Tables & Figures

Fig. 1

Representative photograph of lateral condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex )

Nonhomogeneous gutta-percha filling containing voids between the gutta-percha cones and the canal walls, as well as in isthmus

Fig. 2

Representative photograph of warm lateral condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex )

Homogeneous gutta-percha filling with little void and well filled isthmus

Fig. 3

Representative photograph of Continuous wave condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex )

Homogeneous gutta-percha filling with little void and well filled isthmus

Table 1

Mean weights of filled gutta-percha

Table 2

Comparison of gutta-percha weights between groups(ANOVA)

Table 3

Post Hoc Test (Tukey HCD)

REFERENCES

1. Nguygen NT. Obturation of the root canal system. Pathway of the pulp. 1994;6th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 219-271.
2. Dow PR, Ingle JI. Isotope determination of root canal failure. Oral Surg. 1955;8: 1100-1104.Article PubMed
3. Schilder H. Filling root canals in three dimensions. Dent Clin North Am. 1967;11: 723-744.Article
4. Brayton SM, Davis SR, Goldman M. Gutta-percha root canal fillings, an in vitro analysis. I. Oral Surg. 1973;35: 226-231.PubMed
5. Dang DA, Walton RE. Vertical root fracture and root distortion : effect of spreader design. J Endod. 1989;15: 294-301.Article PubMed
6. Brothman P. A comparative study of the vertical and lateral condensation of gutta-percha. J Endod. 1981;7: 27-30.PubMed
7. Larder TC, Prescott AJ, Brayton SM. Gutta-percha: a comparative study of three methods of obturation. J Endod. 1976;2: 289-294.Article PubMed
8. Endotec. Endotec Thermal Endodontic Condenser System. 1987;Clinical manual.
9. Kersten HW, Fransman R, von Velzen T. Thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha. I. A comparison of several compaction procedures. Int Endod J. 1986;19: 125-133.Article PubMed
10. Buchanann LS. The continuous wave of condensation technique : A convergences of conceptual and procedural advance in obturation. Dent Today. 1994;13: 80. 82. 84-85.
11. System B heat source model 1005 Instruction guidelines. Redconde, WA, USA: Analytic Technology Corp.
12. Davis SR, Brayton SM, Goldman M. The morphology of the prepared root canal : a study utilizing injectable silicone. Oral Surg. 1972;34: 642-648.Article PubMed
13. Vertucci FJ. Root canal anatomy of the human permanent teeth. Oral Surg. 1984;58: 589-599.Article PubMed
14. Green D. Double canal in single roots. Oral Surg. 1973;35: 689-696.PubMed
15. Weller RN, Niemczyk SP, Kim S. Incidence and position of the canal isthmus. I. Mesiobuccal root of the maxillary first molar. J Endod. 1995;21: 380-383.PubMed
16. Kerestes K, Rowe AHR. Thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha root filling. Int Endod J. 1982;15: 27-35.Article PubMed
17. Kersten HW, Fransman R, von Velzen T. Thermomechanical compaction of gutta-percha II: A comparison with lateral condensation in curved root canal. Int Endod J. 1986;19: 134-140.PubMed
18. Nelson EA, Liewehr FR, West LA. Increased density of gutta-percha using a controlled heat instrunent with lateral condensation. J Endod. 2000;26: 748-750.PubMed
19. Hata G, Kawazoe S, Toda T, Weine FS. Sealing ability of thermoplasticized gutta-percha filling technique as assessed by a new method of determing apical leakage. J Endod. 1995;21: 167-172.PubMed
20. LaCombe JS, Campbell AD, Hicks ML, Pelleu GB. A comparison of the apical seal produced by two thermoplasticized injectable gutta-percha technique. J Endod. 1988;14: 445-450.PubMed
21. DuLac KA, Nielsen CJ, Tomazic TJ, Ferrillo PJ, Hatton JF. Comparison of the obturation of lateral canals by six techniques. J Endod. 1999;25: 376-380.Article PubMed
22. Reader CM, Himel VT, Germain LP, Hoen MM. Effect of three obturation techniques on the filling of lateral canals and the main canal. J Endod. 1993;19: 404-408.Article PubMed
23. Veis AA, Molyvdas IA, Lambrianidis TP, Beltes PG. In vitro evaluation of apical leakage of root canal filling after in situ obturation with thermoplasticized and laterally condensed gutta-percha. Int Endod J. 1994;21: 213-217.
24. Lares C, Eldeeb ME. The sealing ability of the thermafil obturation technique. J Endod. 1990;16: 474-479.Article PubMed
25. Michailesco PM, Valcarcel J, Grieve AR, Levallois B, Lerner D. Bacterial leakage in endodontics. J Endod. 1996;22: 535-539.PubMed
26. Czonstkowsky M, Michanowicz A, Vazquez JA. Evaluation of an injection of thermoplasticized low temperature gutta-percha using radioactive isotopes. J Endod. 1985;11: 71-74.Article PubMed
27. Liewehr FR, Kullid JC, Primack PD. Obturation of C-shaped canal using an improved method of warm lateral condensation. J Endod. 1993;19: 474-477.PubMed
28. Liewehr FR, Kullid JC, Primack PD. Improved density of gutta-percha after warm lateral condensation. J Endod. 1993;19: 489-491.Article PubMed
29. Friedman CM, Sandrik JL, Heuer MA, Rapp GW. Composition and physical properties of gutta-percha endodontic filling materials. J Endod. 1977;3: 304-308.Article PubMed

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Comparison of warm gutta-percha condensation techniques in ribbon shaped canal: weight of filled gutta-percha

J Korean Acad Conserv Dent. 2002;27(3):277-283. Published online May 31, 2002

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2002.27.3.277

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Figure

Comparison of warm gutta-percha condensation techniques in ribbon shaped canal: weight of filled gutta-percha

Fig. 1 Representative photograph of lateral condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex ) Nonhomogeneous gutta-percha filling containing voids between the gutta-percha cones and the canal walls, as well as in isthmus

Fig. 2 Representative photograph of warm lateral condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex ) Homogeneous gutta-percha filling with little void and well filled isthmus

Fig. 3 Representative photograph of Continuous wave condensation group at the level 1(1mm from the apex ) Homogeneous gutta-percha filling with little void and well filled isthmus

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Comparison of warm gutta-percha condensation techniques in ribbon shaped canal: weight of filled gutta-percha

Table 1

Mean weights of filled gutta-percha

Table 2

Comparison of gutta-percha weights between groups(ANOVA)

Table 3

Post Hoc Test (Tukey HCD)

Table 1 Mean weights of filled gutta-percha

Table 2 Comparison of gutta-percha weights between groups(ANOVA)

Table 3 Post Hoc Test (Tukey HCD)