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  • Research Articles
    Effect of immersion into solutions at various pH on the color stability of composite resins with different shades
    Ji-Deok Moon, Eun-Mi Seon, Sung-Ae Son, Kyoung-Hwa Jung, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(4):270-276.   Published online August 28, 2015
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.4.270
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    This study examined the color changes of a resin composite with different shades upon exposure to water with different pH.

    Materials and Methods

    Nanohybrid resin composites (Filtek Z350XT, 3M ESPE) with four different shades (A2, A3, B1, and B2) were immersed in water with three different pH (pH 3, 6, and 9) for 14 day. The CIE L*a*b* color coordinates of the specimens were evaluated before and after immersion in the solutions. The color difference (ΔE*) and the translucency parameter (TP) were calculated using the color coordinates.

    Results

    ΔE* ranged from 0.33 to 1.58, and the values were affected significantly by the pH. The specimens immersed in a pH 6 solution showed the highest ΔE* values (0.87 - 1.58). The specimens with a B1 shade showed the lowest ΔE* change compared to the other shades. TP ranged from 7.01 to 9.46 depending on the pH and resin shade. The TP difference between before and after immersion in the pH solutions was less than 1.0.

    Conclusions

    The resulting change of color of the tested specimens did not appear to be clinically problematic because the color difference was < 1.6 in the acidic, neutral, and alkaline solutions regardless of the resin shade, i.e., the color change was imperceptible.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Effect of mouth rinses on roughness and optical properties of restorative materials for oral rehabilitation
      Laura Firmo de Carvalho, Edmara T. P. Bergamo, Ernesto B. Benalcázar-Jalkh, Tiago M. B. Campos, Abbas Zahoui, Elisa De Souza Fermino, Ana Clara Mota de Oliveira, Ana Carolina Magalhães, Estevam A. Bonfante, Fábio José B. Bezerra, Larissa M.M. Alves
      Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry.2025; 12: 25.     CrossRef
    • Effect of Printing Layer Thickness on the Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Three-dimensional Printed Resin Material Immersed in Different Aging Media: An In Vitro Study
      Vilas Rajguru, Smita Khalikar, Sonali Mahajan, Gopika Gopan, Siddhi D Bhatawadekar, Kishor Mahale
      International Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry.2025; 15(1): 36.     CrossRef
    • Colour Retaining Ability of Three Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry with the Use of Health Drinks and Beverages - An In Vitro Study
      Arnab Mondal, Swati Singh, Seema Qamar, Barun Dasgupta, Shovan Roy
      Indian Journal of Dental Research.2025; 36(1): 89.     CrossRef
    • Effects of different antiviral mouthwashes on the surface roughness, hardness, and color stability of composite CAD/CAM materials
      Ahmet Hazar, Ecehan Hazar
      Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Flexural Properties of Contemporary Bioactive Restorative Materials: Effect of Environmental pH
      JEX Ong, AU Yap, A Abdul Aziz, NA Yahya
      Operative Dentistry.2023; 48(1): 90.     CrossRef
    • Effect of Mouthwashes for COVID-19 Prevention on Surface Changes of Resin Composites
      Saijai Tanthanuch, Boonlert Kukiattrakoon, Chailuck Naiyanart, Tanyanat Promtong, Panuwit Yothinwatthanabamrung, Suttida Pumpua
      International Dental Journal.2023; 73(4): 511.     CrossRef
    • Can Modification with Urethane Derivatives or the Addition of an Anti-Hydrolysis Agent Influence the Hydrolytic Stability of Resin Dental Composite?
      Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Izabela M. Barszczewska-Rybarek, Marta W. Chrószcz-Porębska, Karolina Kopacz, Jerzy Sokolowski, Kinga Bociong
      International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(5): 4336.     CrossRef
    • Understanding the Mechanical, Surface, and Color Behavior of Oral Bioactive Prosthetic Polymers under Biodegradation Processes
      Cristina B. Neves, Joana Costa, Jaime Portugal, Ana F. Bettencourt
      Polymers.2023; 15(11): 2549.     CrossRef
    • An Evaluation of the Hydrolytic Stability of Selected Experimental Dental Matrices and Composites
      Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Karolina Kopacz, Malgorzata Iwona Szynkowska-Jozwik, Jerzy Sokolowski, Kinga Bociong
      Materials.2022; 15(14): 5055.     CrossRef
    • Evaluation of the Color Stability, Water Sorption, and Solubility of Current Resin Composites
      Wenkai Huang, Ling Ren, Yuyao Cheng, Minghua Xu, Wenji Luo, Desong Zhan, Hidehiko Sano, Jiale Fu
      Materials.2022; 15(19): 6710.     CrossRef
    • Comparative Evaluation of Surface Roughness of different Composites and its effect on Colour Stability of the Restoration
      Nalini B, Srinivas Kumar Ch, Narsimha Rao VV
      Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2022; : 3854.     CrossRef
    • Comparison of instrumental methods for color change assessment of Giomer resins
      Luiza de Almeida Queiroz Ferreira, Rogéli Tibúrcio Ribeiro da Cunha Peixoto, Cláudia Silami de Magalhães, Tassiana Melo Sá, Monica Yamauti, Francisca Daniele Moreira Jardilino
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Effect of hydrothermal aging on the microhardness of high- and low-viscosity conventional and additively manufactured polymers
      Nadin Al-Haj Husain, Albert J. Feilzer, Cornelis J. Kleverlaan, Samir Abou-Ayash, Mutlu Özcan
      The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.2022; 128(4): 822.e1.     CrossRef
    • KARANFİL VE YEŞİL ÇAYIN RESTORATİF MATERYALLERİN YÜZEY VE OPTİK ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: İN VİTRO ÇALIŞMA
      Zeynep BUKET KAYNAR, Tolgahan DOĞAN, Nazmiye DÖNMEZ, Mağrur KAZAK
      Atatürk Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi.2022; : 1.     CrossRef
    • Effects of Red Dragon Fruit on Color Stability of Self-Adhesive Flowable Composite
      Rosalina Tjandrawinata, Brigitta Heidy, Octarina
      Applied Mechanics and Materials.2022; 910: 1.     CrossRef
    • Effect of different cement systems and aging on the bond strength of chairside CAD-CAM ceramics
      Seda Ustun, Elif Aydogan Ayaz
      The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.2021; 125(2): 334.     CrossRef
    • Influence of Selected Restorative Materials on the Environmental pH: In Vitro Comparative Study
      Anna Lehmann, Kacper Nijakowski, Michalina Nowakowska, Patryk Woś, Maria Misiaszek, Anna Surdacka
      Applied Sciences.2021; 11(24): 11975.     CrossRef
    • Color stability of an artificially aged nanofilled composite resin post-cured with different techniques
      Lais Sampaio Souza, Tais Rocha Donato, Gabriela Alves Cerqueira, Andrea Nobrega Cavalcanti, Paula Mathias
      Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects.2021; 15(1): 53.     CrossRef
    • Ageing of Dental Composites Based on Methacrylate Resins—A Critical Review of the Causes and Method of Assessment
      Agata Szczesio-Wlodarczyk, Jerzy Sokolowski, Joanna Kleczewska, Kinga Bociong
      Polymers.2020; 12(4): 882.     CrossRef
    • Use of Resin Solvent as a Facilitator for Removal of Resin Composite Restoratives by Influencing their Mechanical Properties: Is this Possible?
      Inas A Elghandour
      Journal of Operative Dentistry & Endodontics.2019; 4(1): 1.     CrossRef
    • Effect of powder-liquid ratios and powder colors on color stability of 4-META / MMA-TBB resin after immersion in coffee.
      Yoorina Choi, Seo-Jin Jang, Su-Jung Park
      Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2018; 45(3): 187.     CrossRef
    • O uso do gel de glicerina melhora a estabilidade de cor de resinas compostas?
      Marcus Vinicius Loureiro BERTOLO, Mário Alexandre Coelho SINHORETI, Julia Puppin RONTANI, Pedro Paulo Albuquerque Cavalcanti de ALBUQUERQUE, Luis Felipe Jochims SCHNEIDER
      Revista de Odontologia da UNESP.2018; 47(4): 256.     CrossRef
    • In situ evaluation of color stability and hardness' decrease of resin‐based composites
      Juliana Silva Ribeiro, Sonia Luque Peralta, Vinícius Esteves Salgado, Rafael Guerra Lund
      Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2017; 29(5): 356.     CrossRef
    • Discoloration Effects of Traditional Turkish Beverages on different Composite Restoratives
      Serdar Baglar, Erol Keskin, Tahir Orun, Abdulhamit Es
      The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice.2017; 18(2): 83.     CrossRef
    • The effect of red and white wine on color changes of nanofilled and nanohybrid resin composites
      Saijai Tanthanuch, Boonlert Kukiattrakoon, Thanwalee Peerasukprasert, Nilobon Chanmanee, Parnchanok Chaisomboonphun, Apisara Rodklai
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(2): 130.     CrossRef
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    Effect of resin thickness on the microhardness and optical properties of bulk-fill resin composites
    Eun-Ha Kim, Kyoung-Hwa Jung, Sung-Ae Son, Bock Hur, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(2):128-135.   Published online January 13, 2015
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.2.128
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    This study evaluated the effects of the resin thickness on the microhardness and optical properties of bulk-fill resin composites.

    Methods

    Four bulk-fill (Venus Bulk Fill, Heraeus Kulzer; SDR, Dentsply Caulk; Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill, Ivoclar vivadent; SonicFill, Kerr) and two regular resin composites (Charisma flow, Heraeus Kulzer; Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar vivadent) were used. Sixty acrylic cylindrical molds were prepared for each thickness (2, 3 and 4 mm). The molds were divided into six groups for resin composites. The microhardness was measured on the top and bottom surfaces, and the colors were measured using Commission Internationale d'Eclairage (CIE) L*a*b* system. Color differences according to the thickness and translucency parameters and the correlations between the microhardness and translucency parameter were analyzed. The microhardness and color differences were analyzed by ANOVA and Scheffe's post hoc test, and a student t-test, respectively. The level of significance was set to α = 0.05.

    Results

    The microhardness decreased with increasing resin thickness. The bulk-fill resin composites showed a bottom/top hardness ratio of almost 80% or more in 4 mm thick specimens. The highest translucency parameter was observed in Venus Bulk Fill. All resin composites used in this study except for Venus Bulk Fill showed linear correlations between the microhardness and translucency parameter according to the thickness.

    Conclusions

    Within the limitations of this study, the bulk-fill resin composites used in this study can be placed and cured properly in the 4 mm bulk.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Experimental study of polishing systems on surface roughness and color stability of novel bulk-fill composite resins
      Seda Nur Karakaş, Sevde Gül Batmaz, Volkan Çiftçi, Cihan Küden
      BMC Oral Health.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Predictors of procedural errors in class II resin composite restorations using bitewing radiographs
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      Sachin Bengal, Gautam P. Badole, Pratima R. Shenoi, Rajesh Kubde, Shriya Shahu
      Annals of African Medicine.2024; 23(3): 466.     CrossRef
    • Influence of Light‐Curing Time and Increment Thickness on the Properties of Bulk Fill Composite Resins With Distinct Application Systems
      Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, Taiana Paola Prado, Daniele Mara da Silva Ávila, Cesar Rogério Pucci, Alessandra Bühler Borges, Heng Bo Jiang
      International Journal of Dentistry.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Preheating effect on microhardness and depth of cure of three bulk-fill composite resins: An in vitro study
      Aashna Sunil Sahetia, Divya Rupesh Jain, Padmaja Panditrao Sirsat, Meenal N. Gulve, Swapnil J. Kolhe, Surbhi P. Patel
      Endodontology.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Clinical Longevity of Sonicated and Unsonicated Composite Resin Restorations in Posterior Permanent Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
      Lorrane Salvador de Mello, Fabiola Fontes Galdino, Jayzon Stephan Brooks, Tatiana Kelly da Silva Fidalgo, Kátia Rodrigues Reis
      Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      Gaetano Paolone, Sofia Baldani, Niccolò De Masi, Mauro Mandurino, Giacomo Collivasone, Nicola Scotti, Enrico Gherlone, Giuseppe Cantatore
      Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2024; 36(7): 995.     CrossRef
    • Assessment of Microhardness of Bulk-Fill Class II Resin Composite Restorations Performed by Preclinical Students: An In Vitro Study
      Ali Abdel-Halim Abdel-Azim Hassan, Abdulelah Sameer Sindi, Abeer Mohamed Atout, Mohamed SM Morsy, Khurshid A. Mattoo, Vishnu Teja Obulareddy, Ankita Mathur, Vini Mehta
      European Journal of General Dentistry.2024; 13(02): 158.     CrossRef
    • Effect of Indenter Load on Vickers Microhardness and Indentation Depth of One Resin Composite
      Richard B. Price, Braden Sullivan
      Materials.2024; 17(24): 6156.     CrossRef
    • The Effect of Layer Thickness and Light Intensity on the Degree of Conversion, Microhardness and Cytotoxicity of Bulk Fill Composite Resins
      Sevde Gül BATMAZ, Ayşe DÜNDAR, Çağatay BARUTÇUGİL
      Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2023; 13(4): 795.     CrossRef
    • Comparative Evaluation of the Color Stability and Clinical performance of bulk-filled composites: A Split-mouth Randomized Controlled Trial
      Karuna YM, Srikant N, Kundabala M, Anupama Nayak P, Ashwin Rao, Maimoona TM
      Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology.2023; : 5091.     CrossRef
    • Effect of Using Manufacturer-recommended Exposure Times to Photo-activate Bulk-fill and Conventional Resin-based Composites
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    • Effect of Different Polymerization Times on Color Change, Translucency Parameter, and Surface Hardness of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites
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      Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice.2022; 25(10): 1751.     CrossRef
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      Polymers.2021; 13(10): 1596.     CrossRef
    • The Effect of Different Dietary and Therapeutic Solutions on the Color Stability of Resin-Matrix Composites Used in Dentistry: An In Vitro Study
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      Materials.2021; 14(21): 6267.     CrossRef
    • Fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars restored with bulk-fill composite resins
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      Dental Research Journal.2021; 18(1): 60.     CrossRef
    • Mechanical properties of low and regular viscosity bulk fill composites in a 3D dentin cavity model
      Rodolfo Xavier Sousa-Lima, Ana Margarida dos Santos Melo, Lílian Karine Cardoso Guimarães, Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção e Souza, Marília Regalado Galvão Rabelo Caldas, Isauremi Vieira de Assunção, Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges
      Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2021; 35(3): 325.     CrossRef
    • Comparative analysis of the strength characteristics of light polymerization polymers for dental restoration using the acoustic emission method. Fractographic studies of the surface and fractures of the samples: part two
      V. Kukhta, V. Makeev, O. Kyrmanov, V. Skalsky, O. Stankevich
      SUCHASNA STOMATOLOHIYA.2021; 109(5): 23.     CrossRef
    • Impact of light-cure protocols on the porosity and shrinkage of commercial bulk fill dental resin composites with different flowability
      Daina Dayana Arenas Buelvas, João Felipe Besegato, Bruno Luiz Santana Vicentin, Eduardo Inocente Jussiani, Márcio Grama Hoeppner, Avacir Casanova Andrello, Eduardo Di Mauro
      Journal of Polymer Research.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      Christina Kaiser, Richard Bengt Price
      Dental Materials.2020; 36(8): 1019.     CrossRef
    • The Effects of Irradiance on Translucency and Surface Gloss of Different Bulk-Fill Composite Resins: An in vitro Study


      Abrar N Bin Nooh, Hend Al Nahedh, Mohammad AlRefeai, Fahad AlKhudhairy
      Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2020; Volume 12: 571.     CrossRef
    • Color Stability and Micro-Hardness of Bulk-Fill Composite Materials after Exposure to Common Beverages
      Nora Bahbishi, Waad Mzain, Bayan Badeeb, Hani M. Nassar
      Materials.2020; 13(3): 787.     CrossRef
    • Polymerization Stress and Gap Formation of Self-adhesive, Bulk-fill and Flowable Composite Resins
      EL Nakano, ASC de Souza, LCC Boaro, LH Catalani, RR Braga, F Gonçalves
      Operative Dentistry.2020; 45(6): E308.     CrossRef
    • Varying the Polishing Protocol Influences the Color Stability and Surface Roughness of Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Composites
      Filipa Freitas, Teresa Pinheiro de Melo, António HS Delgado, Paulo Monteiro, João Rua, Luís Proença, Jorge Caldeira, Ana Mano Azul, José João Mendes
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      CA Pardo Díaz, CAK Shimokawa, CS Sampaio, AZ Freitas, ML Turbino
      Operative Dentistry.2020; 45(1): 71.     CrossRef
    • Clinical performance and chemical-physical properties of bulk fill composites resin —a systematic review and meta-analysis
      Leticia Cristina Cidreira Boaro, Diana Pereira Lopes, Andréia Santos Caetano de Souza, Ellea Lie Nakano, Mirko Dennys Ayala Perez, Carmem Silvia Pfeifer, Flávia Gonçalves
      Dental Materials.2019; 35(10): e249.     CrossRef
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      Esra ÖZYURT, Aysegul KURT, Handan YILDIRIM
      Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences.2019; 9(4): 304.     CrossRef
    • Internal adaptation of composite restorations with or without an intermediate layer: Effect of polymerization shrinkage parameters of the layer material
      Seung-Hoon Han, Alireza Sadr, Yasushi Shimada, Junji Tagami, Sung-Ho Park
      Journal of Dentistry.2019; 80: 41.     CrossRef
    • Color Stability of Bulk-Fill Resin Composites after Immersion in Different Media
      Sungkyoon Kang, Jihyun Song
      THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY.2019; 46(4): 353.     CrossRef
    • Degree of Conversion and Polymerization Shrinkage of Low Shrinkage Bulk-Fill Resin Composites
      Haidy N. Salem, Sherif M. Hefnawy, Shaymaa M. Nagi
      Contemporary Clinical Dentistry.2019; 10(3): 465.     CrossRef
    • Bulk-Fill Composites: Effectiveness of Cure With Poly- and Monowave Curing Lights and Modes
      JK Gan, AU Yap, JW Cheong, N Arista, CBK Tan
      Operative Dentistry.2018; 43(2): 136.     CrossRef
    • Depth of cure of bulk fill resin composites: A systematic review
      Renally Bezerra Wanderley Lima, Cristhian Camilo Madrid Troconis, Marina Barrêto Pereira Moreno, Fabián Murillo‐Gómez, Mario Fernando De Goes
      Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2018; 30(6): 492.     CrossRef
    • Influence of Bulk Thickness, Curing Time, and Curing Unit Type on the Microhardness of Different-Viscosity Bulk-Fill Composites
      M. Saipullaev, U. Erdemir, E. Yildiz
      Mechanics of Composite Materials.2018; 54(5): 675.     CrossRef
    • Color of bulk‐fill composite resin restorative materials
      Çağatay Barutcigil, Kubilay Barutcigil, Mehmet Mustafa Özarslan, Ayşe Dündar, Burak Yilmaz
      Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Incremental and Bulk-fill Techniques With Bulk-fill Resin Composite in Different Cavity Configurations
      S-H Han, S-H Park
      Operative Dentistry.2018; 43(6): 631.     CrossRef
    • Surface changes of various bulk‐fill resin‐based composites after exposure to different food‐simulating liquid and beverages
      Saijai Tanthanuch, Boonlert Kukiattrakoon, Kasidit Eiam‐O‐Pas, Kan Pokawattana, Nicha Pamanee, Wichachon Thongkamkaew, Asok Kochatung
      Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry.2018; 30(2): 126.     CrossRef
    • Impact of 35% Hydrogen Peroxide on Color and Translucency Changes in Enamel and Dentin
      Rebeca Pereira de Menezes, Paula Damasceno Silva, Pollyana Caldeira Leal, André Luis Faria-e-Silva
      Brazilian Dental Journal.2018; 29(1): 88.     CrossRef
    • A comparative study of bulk-fill composites: degree of conversion, post-gel shrinkage and cytotoxicity
      Flávia Gonçalves, Luiza Mello de Paiva Campos, Ezequias Costa Rodrigues-Júnior, Fabrícia Viana Costa, Pamela Adeline Marques, Carlos Eduardo Francci, Roberto Ruggiero Braga, Letícia Cristina Cidreira Boaro
      Brazilian Oral Research.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Comparison of cytotoxicity test models for evaluating resin-based composites
      SM Lim, AUJ Yap, CSL Loo, J Ng, CY Goh, CHL Hong, WS Toh
      Human & Experimental Toxicology.2017; 36(4): 339.     CrossRef
    • Comparison of Internal Adaptation in Class II Bulk-fill Composite Restorations Using Micro-CT
      SH Han, SH Park
      Operative Dentistry.2017; 42(2): 203.     CrossRef
    • Color stability of bulk-fill and incremental-fill resin-based composites polished with aluminum-oxide impregnated disks
      Uzay Koc-Vural, Ismail Baltacioglu, Pinar Altinci
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2017; 42(2): 118.     CrossRef
    • Evaluation of bulk-fill resin composite on the shear bond strength of metal brackets
      Mi-Gyoung Park
      Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2017; 44(2): 95.     CrossRef
    • Effect of water storage on flexural strength of silorane and methacrylate-based composite resins
      Narges Panahandeh, Hassan Torabzadeh, Hani Naderi, Seyedeh Mahsa Sheikh-Al-Eslamian
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2017; 42(4): 309.     CrossRef
    • Shear bond strength of different dentin substitute restorative materials to dentin of primary teeth
      Faika ABDELMEGID, Fouad SALAMA, Nawaf ALBOGAMI, Muhannad ALBABTAIN, Abdulkareem ALQAHTANI
      Dental Materials Journal.2016; 35(5): 782.     CrossRef
    • Internal adaptation of resin composites at two configurations: Influence of polymerization shrinkage and stress
      Seung-Hoon Han, Alireza Sadr, Junji Tagami, Sung-Ho Park
      Dental Materials.2016; 32(9): 1085.     CrossRef
    • Effect of a broad-spectrum LED curing light on the Knoop microhardness of four posterior resin based composites at 2, 4 and 6-mm depths
      Maan M. ALShaafi, Thomas Haenel, Braden Sullivan, Daniel Labrie, Mohammed Q. Alqahtani, Richard B. Price
      Journal of Dentistry.2016; 45: 14.     CrossRef
    • Influence of increment thickness on light transmission, degree of conversion and micro hardness of bulk fill composites
      Sufyan Garoushi, Pekka Vallittu, Akikazu Shinya, Lippo Lassila
      Odontology.2016; 104(3): 291.     CrossRef
    • Criteria for clinical translucency evaluation of direct esthetic restorative materials
      Yong-Keun Lee
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(3): 159.     CrossRef
    • The effect of different drinks on the color stability of different restorative materials after one month
      Neslihan Tekçe, Safa Tuncer, Mustafa Demirci, Merve Efe Serim, Canan Baydemir
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2015; 40(4): 255.     CrossRef
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    Close layer
    Effect of additional etching and ethanol-wet bonding on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives
    Joonghee Ahn, Kyoung-Hwa Jung, Sung-Ae Son, Bock Hur, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    Restor Dent Endod 2015;40(1):68-74.   Published online November 18, 2014
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2015.40.1.68
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    This study examined the effects of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives with different compositions and pH. The effect of ethanol wetting on etched dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesives was also evaluated.

    Materials and Methods

    Forty-two human permanent molars were classified into 21 groups according to the adhesive types (Clearfil SE Bond [SE, control]; G-aenial Bond [GB]; Xeno V [XV]; Beauti Bond [BB]; Adper Easy Bond [AE]; Single Bond Universal [SU]; All Bond Universal [AU]), and the dentin conditioning methods. Composite resins were placed on the dentin surfaces, and the teeth were sectioned. The microtensile bond strength was measured, and the failure mode of the fractured specimens was examined. The data were analyzed statistically using two-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test.

    Results

    In GB, XV and SE (pH ≤ 2), the bond strength was decreased significantly when the dentin was etched (p < 0.05). In BB, AE and SU (pH 2.4 - 2.7), additional etching did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05). In AU (pH = 3.2), additional etching increased the bond strength significantly (p < 0.05). When adhesives were applied to the acid etched dentin with ethanol-wet bonding, the bond strength was significantly higher than that of the no ethanol-wet bonding groups, and the incidence of cohesive failure was increased.

    Conclusions

    The effect of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength was influenced by the pH of one-step self-etch adhesives. Ethanol wetting on etched dentin could create a stronger bonding performance of one-step self-etch adhesives for acid etched dentin.

    Citations

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    • Microtensile Bond Strength of Total-Etch and Self-Etch Universal Adhesives Containing 10-MDP: A Systematic Review
      I. Hisham Ismail, N.A. Abdul Razak, N.D. Mohd Ramzi, M.Y.P. Mohd Yusof
      The Journal of Dentists.2022; 10: 12.     CrossRef
    • Biomodification of dentin collagen by primers with crosslinking reagents using ethanol wet bonding technique
      Talita Arrais Daniel Mendes, Samuel Chillavert Dias Pascoal, Marcelo Victor Sidou Lemos, Sérgio Lima Santiago, Juliano Sartori Mendonça
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      Julia Fehrenbach, Cristina Pereira Isolan, Eliseu Aldrighi Münchow
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      Zeynep Buket Kaynar, Magrur Kazak, Nazmiye Donmez, Evrim Eliguzeloglu Dalkilic
      Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2021; 35(4): 375.     CrossRef
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      Sara Valizadeh, Elham Farhadi, Aida Moradi, Sedighe S. Hashemikamangar
      The Open Dentistry Journal.2021; 15(1): 734.     CrossRef
    • Bond Strength of Universal Adhesives to Dentin: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
      Louis Hardan, Rim Bourgi, Naji Kharouf, Davide Mancino, Maciej Zarow, Natalia Jakubowicz, Youssef Haikel, Carlos Enrique Cuevas-Suárez
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    • Effects of simplified ethanol–wet bonding and hydrophobic coating on resin–dentin bonding properties
      Xia Wang, He Li, Liang Chen, Yue Wang, Jianfei Bai, Defei Wang, Hong Liu
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      Nida Mehmood, Rajni Nagpal, UdaiPratap Singh, Meenal Agarwal
      Journal of Conservative Dentistry.2021; 24(3): 265.     CrossRef
    • Assessment of nanohardness, elastic modulus, and nanoleakage of the adhesive interface using the ethanol-wet-bonding technique
      Mauricio Yugo Souza, Jéssica Lopes Andrade, Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele, Eduardo Bresciani
      International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives.2020; 99: 102572.     CrossRef
    • The improvement of biocompatibility of adhesives
      Cigdem Atalayin, Huseyin Tezel, Zeynep Ergucu, Nimet Unlu, Guliz Armagan, Taner Dagci, Timur Kose
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      Nazmiye DÖNMEZ, Ayça Sarıalioğlu GÜNGÖR, Barış KARABULUT, Şeyda Hergüner SİSO
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    • Six-month performance of restorations produced with the ethanol-wet-bonding technique: a randomized trial
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    • Effects of light curing modes and ethanol-wet bonding on dentin bonding properties
      Mu-zi Li, Jin-rui Wang, Hong Liu, Xia Wang, Kang Gan, Xiu-ju Liu, De-li Niu, Xiao-qing Song
      Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B.2016; 17(9): 703.     CrossRef
    • Effect of an Er,Cr:YSGG laser preparation on dentin bond strength of a universal adhesive
      A. Rüya Yazici, Emel Karaman, Duygu Tuncer, Gizem Berk, Atilla Ertan
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    • 548 View
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    Close layer
    The effect of resin thickness on polymerization characteristics of silorane-based composite resin
    Sung-Ae Son, Hyoung-Mee Roh, Bock Hur, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    Restor Dent Endod 2014;39(4):310-318.   Published online September 5, 2014
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/rde.2014.39.4.310
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    This study examined the influence of the resin thickness on the polymerization of silorane- and methacrylate-based composites.

    Materials and Methods

    One silorane-based (Filtek P90, 3M ESPE) and two methacrylate-based (Filtek Z250 and Z350, 3M ESPE) composite resins were used. The number of photons were detected using a photodiode detector at the different thicknesses (thickness, 1, 2 and 3 mm) specimens. The microhardness of the top and bottom surfaces was measured (n = 15) using a Vickers hardness with 200 gf load and 15 sec dwell time conditions. The degree of conversion (DC) of the specimens was determined using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Scratched powder of each top and bottom surface of the specimen dissolved in ethanol for transmission FTIR spectroscopy. The refractive index was measured using a Abbe-type refractometer. To measure the polymerization shrinkage, a linometer was used. The results were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at p < 0.05 level.

    Results

    The silorane-based resin composite showed the lowest filler content and light attenuation among the specimens. P90 showed the highest values in the DC and the lowest microhardness at all depth. In the polymerization shrinkage, P90 showed a significantly lower shrinkage than the rest two resin products (p < 0.05). P90 showed a significantly lower refractive index than the remaining two resin products (p < 0.05).

    Conclusions

    DC, microhardness, polymerization rate and refractive index linearly decreased as specimen thickness linearly increased. P90 showed much less polymerization shrinkage compared to other specimens. P90, even though achieved the highest DC, showed the lowest microhardness and refractive index.

    Citations

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    • A Year-Long Comparison of Dentin Bond Strength Using the Co-Curing Technique and Conventional Adhesive Application
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    • Chameleon Effect of Universal Shade Composite Polymers in Repairing CAD/CAM Lithium Disilicate
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      Rita Fidalgo-Pereira, Daniela Carpio, Orlanda Torres, Oscar Carvalho, Filipe Silva, Bruno Henriques, Mutlu Özcan, Júlio C. M. Souza
      Clinical Oral Investigations.2022; 26(9): 5575.     CrossRef
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      Saad Liaqat, Humaira Jabeen
      Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      B Korkut, G Dokumacigil, N Murat, PY Atali, B Tarcin, GB Gocmen
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      Soraya Salmanzadeh Ardestani, Roberta Ferreti Bonan, Mariaugusta Ferreira Mota, Rosiane Maria da Costa Farias, Romualdo Rodrigues Menezes, Paulo Rogério Ferreti Bonan, Panmella Pereira Maciel, Flávia Maria de Moraes Ramos-Perez, André Ulisses Dantas Batis
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    • Light-Curing Units, Photoinitiators System, and Monomers on Physico-Mechanical Properties of Experimental Composite Resins
      Gustavo Furlan da Silva Prezotto, Weverteon Soares de Lima, Rafael Pino Vitti, Ariel Farias da Silva, Mário Alexandre Coelho Sinhoreti, William Cunha Brandt
      Matéria (Rio de Janeiro).2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      IO Cardoso, AC Machado, DNR Teixeira, FC Basílio, A Marletta, PV Soares
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    • Shrinkage in composites: An enigma
      Dhakshinamoorthy Malarvizhi, Arumugam Karthick, NewBegin Selvakumar Gold Pearlin Mary, Alagarsamy Venkatesh
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      Rasoul Sahebalam, Alireza Boruziniat, Fahimeh Mohammadzadeh, Abdolrasoul Rangrazi
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      Polímeros.2016; 26(spe): 37.     CrossRef
    • Vickers microhardness comparison of 4 composite resins with different types of filler.
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    Basic Researchs
    Influence of application methods of one-step self-etching adhesives on microtensile bond strength
    Chul-Kyu Choi, Sung-Ae Son, Jin-Hee Ha, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hun Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(3):203-210.   Published online May 31, 2011
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.3.203
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of various application methods of one-step self-etch adhesives to microtensile resin-dentin bond strength.

    Materials and Methods

    Thirty-six extracted human molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to twelve groups (n = 15), according to the three different adhesive systems (Clearfil Tri-S Bond, Adper Prompt L-Pop, G-Bond) and application methods. The adhesive systems were applied on the dentin as follows: 1) The single coating, 2) The double coating, 3) Manual agitation, 4) Ultrasonic agitation. Following the adhesive application, light-cure composite resin was constructed. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours, and prepared 15 specimens per groups. Then microtensile bond strength was measured and the failure mode was examined.

    Results

    Manual agitation and ultrasonic agitation of adhesive significantly increased the microtensile bond strength than single coating and double coating did. Double coating of adhesive significantly increased the microtensile bond strength than single coating did and there was no significant difference between the manual agitation and ultrasonic agitation group. There was significant difference in microtensile bonding strength among all adhesives and Clearfil Tri-S Bond showed the highest bond strength.

    Conclusions

    In one-step self-etching adhesives, there was significant difference according to application methods and type of adhesives. No matter of the material, the manual or ultrasonic agitation of the adhesive showed significantly higher microtensile bond strength.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • The Classification and Selection of Adhesive Agents; an Overview for the General Dentist
      Naji Ziad Arandi
      Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dentistry.2023; Volume 15: 165.     CrossRef
    • 485 View
    • 6 Download
    • 1 Crossref
    Close layer
    Effect of the difference in spectral outputs of the single and dual-peak LEDs on the microhardness and the color stability of resin composites
    Hye-Jung Park, Sung-Ae Son, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hoon Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(2):108-113.   Published online March 31, 2011
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.2.108
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    To determine the effect of the spectral output of single and dual-peak light emitting diode (LED) curing lights on the microhardness and color stability of commercial resin composites formulated with camphorquinone and alternative photoinitiators in combination.

    Materials and Methods

    Three light-polymerized resin composites (Z100 (3M ESPE), Tetric Ceram (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Aelite LS Posterior (Bisco)) with different photoinitiator systems were used. The resin composites were packed into a Teflon mold (8 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness) on a cover glass. After packing the composites, they were light cured with single-peak and dual-peak LEDs. The Knoop microhardness (KHN) and color difference (ΔE) for 30 days were measured. The data was analyzed statistically using a student's t-test (p < 0.05).

    Results

    All resin composites showed improved microhardness when a third-generation dual-peak LED light was used. The color stability was also higher for all resin composites with dual-peak LEDs. However, there was a significant difference only for Aelite LS Posterior.

    Conclusions

    The dual-peak LEDs have a beneficial effect on the microhardness and color stability of resin composites formulated with a combination of camphorquinone and alternative photoinitiators.

    Citations

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    • Effect of irradiance from curing units on the microhardness of composite - a systematic review
      Neenu Francis, Rakesh R. Rajan, Vijay Kumar, Anju Varughese, Vineetha Karuveetil, C. M. Sapna
      Evidence-Based Dentistry.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Micro-computed tomography evaluation of volumetric polymerization shrinkage and degree of conversion of composites cured by various light power outputs
      Pablo J. ATRIA, Camila S. SAMPAIO, Eduardo CÁCERES, Jessica FERNÁNDEZ, Andre F. REIS, Marcelo GIANNINI, Paulo G. COELHO, Ronaldo HIRATA
      Dental Materials Journal.2018; 37(1): 33.     CrossRef
    • Effect of the irradiance distribution from light curing units on the local micro-hardness of the surface of dental resins
      Thomas Haenel, Berenika Hausnerová, Johannes Steinhaus, Richard B.T. Price, Braden Sullivan, Bernhard Moeginger
      Dental Materials.2015; 31(2): 93.     CrossRef
    • 1,3-Butadiene as an Adhesion Promoter Between Composite Resin and Dental Ceramic in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge Jet
      Geum-Jun Han, Sung-No Chung, Bae-Hyeock Chun, Chang-Keun Kim, Kyu Hwan Oh, Byeong-Hoon Cho
      Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing.2013; 33(2): 539.     CrossRef
    • Optimal combination of 3-component photoinitiation system to increase the degree of conversion of resin monomers
      Chang-Gyu Kim, Ho-Jin Moon, Dong-Hoon Shin
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(4): 313.     CrossRef
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    Close layer
    Case Report
    Management of white spots: resin infiltration technique and microabrasion
    Jeong-Hye Son, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2011;36(1):66-71.   Published online January 31, 2011
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2011.36.1.66
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    This case report compared the effectiveness of resin infiltration technique (Icon, DMG) with microabrasion (Opalustre, Ultradent Products, Inc.) in management of white spot lesions. It demonstrates that although neither microabrasion nor resin infiltration technique can remove white spot lesions completely, resin infiltration technique seems to be more effective than microabrasion. Therefore resin infiltration technique can be chosen preferentially for management of white spot lesions and caution should be taken for case selection.

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      Sumayyah L Alkhudhayri, Shahad L Alhassani, Nada A AbdelAleem
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      Journal of Orthodontic Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      Deem Al-Blaihed, Omar El Meligy, Khlood Baghlaf, Rabab A Aljawi, Shahad Abudawood
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      Mohamed. H. Zaazou, Reham S. Saleh, Shahinaz N. Hassan, Ali Abdelnabi, Zeinab M. Zaki, Tamer M. Hamdy, Dalia Y. Zaki, Lamiaa M. Moharam
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      Seongeun Kim, Chang-Ock Lee
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      Neven S. Aref, Rahaf M. Alsdrani
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      Rubén Darío Miranda-Carreño, Jacqueline Adelina Rodríguez-Chávez, Abigailt Flores-Ledesma
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      Abdulaziz Alhotan, Rasha M. Abdelraouf, Saleh Alhijji, Merry Angelyn Tan De Vera, Aref Sufyan, Jukka P. Matinlinna, Tamer M. Hamdy
      Polymers.2023; 15(14): 3068.     CrossRef
    • Effect of Resin Infiltration and Microabrasion on the Microhardness of the Artificial White Spot Lesions (An in Vitro Study)
      Reem Majeed H.J. Al-Mamoori, Aseel Haidar M.J. Al Haidar
      Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry.2022; 34(1): 44.     CrossRef
    • Effect of sodium fluoride plus tricalcium phosphate with and without CO2 laser on remineralization of white spot lesions
      Nouran M. Eissa, Eman M. Elshourbagy, Nahla E. Gomaa
      Heliyon.2022; 8(10): e10752.     CrossRef
    • Efficacy of Resin Infiltration and Fluoride Casein Phosphopeptide Amorphous Calcium Phosphate Varnish on Non-cavitated Active White Spot Lesions in Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      Mohit Dhamija, Rish Tyagi, Namita Kalra, Amit Khatri
      Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      Seongeun Kim, Chang-Ock Lee
      SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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      Basil Almutairi, Mohammed Al-Refai, Bander AL-Meshary, Abdulrahman Al-Asim, Fahad Al-Sharidah, Abdullah Alshehri
      Annals of Dental Specialty.2021; 9(4): 6.     CrossRef
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      Shaza M. Hammad, Noha A. El-Wassefy, Mohamed A. Alsayed
      Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics.2020; 25(1): 26.     CrossRef
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      Anil Gupta, Shikha Dogra, Sakshi Joshi, Vimanyu Kataria, Jyotika Saini, Monika Nagpal, Payal Narula
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      Rym Mabrouk, Souha Yahia, Afef Oueslati, Nadia Frih, Yuk Kwan Chen
      Case Reports in Dentistry.2020; 2020: 1.     CrossRef
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      Journal of Dental Education.2020; 84(3): 290.     CrossRef
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      Sidika Aynur Horuztepe, Meserret Baseren
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      International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2017; 10(3): 250.     CrossRef
    • Application of quantitative light-induced fluorescence to determine the depth of demineralization of dental fluorosis in enamel microabrasion: a case report
      Tae-Young Park, Han-Sol Choi, Hee-Won Ku, Hyun-Su Kim, Yoo-Jin Lee, Jeong-Bum Min
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2016; 41(3): 225.     CrossRef
    • Non-destructive management of white spot lesions by using tooth jewelry
      Hee-Jin Kim, Lorena Karanxha, Su-Jung Park
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(4): 236.     CrossRef
    • Color and hardness changes in artificial white spot lesions after resin infiltration
      Ji-Hoon Kim, Ho-Hyun Son, Juhea Chang
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(2): 90.     CrossRef
    • 620 View
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    Basic Researchs
    Effect of 2% chlorhexidine application on microtensile bond strength of resin composite to dentin using one-step self-etch adhesives
    Soon-Ham Jang, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Yong-Hun Kwon, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(6):486-491.   Published online November 30, 2010
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.6.486
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    This study examined the effect of 2% chlorhexidine on the µTBS of a direct composite restoration using one-step self-etch adhesives on human dentin.

    Materials and Methods

    Twenty-four extracted permanent molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to six groups (n = 10), according to the adhesive system and application of chlorhexidine. With or without the application of chlorhexidine, each adhesive system was applied to the dentin surface. After the bonding procedure, light-cure composite resin buildups were produced. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hours, and then cut and glued to the jig of the microtensile testing machine. A tensile load was applied until the specimen failed. The failure mode was examined using an operating microscope. The data was analyzed statistically using one-way ANOVA, Student's t-test (p < 0.05) and Scheffé's test.

    Results

    Regardless of the application of chlorhexidine, the Clearfil S3 Bond showed the highest µTBS, followed by G-Bond and Xeno V. Adhesive failure was the main failure mode of the dentin bonding agents tested with some samples showing cohesive failure.

    Conclusions

    The application of 2% chlorhexidine did not affect the µTBS of the resin composite to the dentin using a one-step self-etch adhesive.

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    Comparison of push-out bond strength of post according to cement application methods
    Seo-Ryeong Kim, Jiwan Yum, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(6):479-485.   Published online November 30, 2010
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.6.479
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    The aim of this study was to compare the push-out bond strengths of resin cement/fiber post systems to post space dentin using different application methods of resin cement.

    Materials and Methods

    Thirty extracted human premolars were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups according to the technique used to place the cement into root canal: using lentulo-spiral instrument (group Lentulo), applying the cement onto the post surface (group Direct), and injecting the material using a specific elongation tip (group Elongation tip). After shaping and filling of the root canal, post space was drilled using Rely-X post drill. Rely-X fiber post was seated using Rely-X Unicem and resin cement was light polymerized. The root specimens were embedded in an acrylic resin and the specimens were sectioned perpendicularly to the long axis using a low-speed saw. Three slices per each root containing cross-sections of coronal, middle and apical part of the bonded fiber posts were obtained by sectioning. The push-out bond strength was measured using Universal Testing Machine. Specimens after bond failure were examined using operating microscope to evaluate the failure modes.

    Results

    Push-out bond strengths were statistically influenced by the root regions. Group using the elongation tip showed significantly higher bond strength than other ways. Most failures occurred at the cement/dentin interface or in a mixed mode.

    Conclusions

    The use of an elongation tip seems to reduce the number of imperfections within the self-adhesive cement interface compared to the techniques such as direct applying with the post and lentulo-spiral technique.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Photodynamic therapy and other pretreatment methods on epoxy-based glass fiber post on the push-out bond strength to radicular dentin
      Abdulaziz A. Al-Kheraif, Badreldin A. Mohamed, Aref Othman Hasan Sufyan, Aftab Ahmed Khan, Darshan Devang Divakar
      Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy.2021; 36: 102526.     CrossRef
    • Micro-computed tomography analysis of gap and void formation in different prefabricated fiber post cementation materials and techniques
      Aws ArRejaie, Saleh A. Alsuliman, Mohammed O. Aljohani, Hesham A. Altamimi, Emad Alshwaimi, Ahmad M. Al-Thobity
      The Saudi Dental Journal.2019; 31(2): 236.     CrossRef
    • Micro-computerized tomography analysis of cement voids and pull-out strength of glass fiber posts luted with self-adhesive and glass-ionomer cements in the root canal
      Serkan Sarıdağ, Dilek Helvacıoğlu-Yiğit, Mutlu Özcan, Egemen Avcu, Güllü Kızıltaş
      Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology.2016; 30(14): 1585.     CrossRef
    • Pull-out bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to NaOCl-treated root dentin: effect of antioxidizing agents
      Maryam Khoroushi, Marzieh Kachuei
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(2): 95.     CrossRef
    • Retentive strength of different intracanal posts in restorations of anterior primary teeth: anin vitrostudy
      Mahtab Memarpour, Fereshteh Shafiei, Maryam Abbaszadeh
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(4): 215.     CrossRef
    • Effects of dentin moisture on the push-out bond strength of a fiber post luted with different self-adhesive resin cements
      Sevinç Aktemur Türker, Emel Uzunoğlu, Zeliha Yılmaz
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2013; 38(4): 234.     CrossRef
    • 358 View
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    Physical properties of novel composite using Portland cement for retro-filling material
    Sang-Jin Lee, Ok-In Cho, Jiwan Yum, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(6):445-452.   Published online November 30, 2010
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.6.445
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Objectives

    The aim of this study was to compare apical sealing ability and physical properties of MTA, MTA - AH-plus mixture (AMTA) and experimental Portland cement - Epoxy resin mixture (EPPC) for a development of a novel retro-filling material.

    Materials and Methods

    Forty-nine extracted roots were instrumented and filled with gutta-percha. Apical root was resected at 3 mm and the retro-filling cavity was prepared for 3 mm depth. Roots were randomly divided into 3 groups of 15 roots each. The retro-filling was done using MTA, AMTA, and EPPC as the groups divided. Four roots were used as control groups. After setting in humid condition for 24 hours, the roots were immersed in 1% methylene blue dye solution for 72 hours to test the apical leakage. After immersion, the roots were vertically sectioned and photos were taken to evaluate microleakage. Setting times were measured with Vicat apparatus and digital radiographs were taken to evaluate aluminum equivalent thickness using aluminum step wedge. The results of microleakage and setting time were compared between groups using one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's post-hoc comparison at the significance level of 95%.

    Results

    AMTA and EPPC showed less microleakage than MTA group (p < 0.05). AMTA showed the highest radio-opacity than other groups and the novel EPPC showed 5 mm aluminum thickness radio-opacity. EPPC showed the shortest initial and final setting times than other groups while the MTA showed the longest (p < 0.05).

    Conclusions

    Under the condition of this study, the novel composite using Portland cement-Epoxy resin mixture may useful for retro-filling with the properties of favorable leakage resistance, radio-opacity and short setting time.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Comparison of Setting Time, Compressive Strength, Solubility, and pH of Four Kinds of MTA
      Jing-Ling Che, Jae-Hwan Kim, Seon-Mi Kim, Nam-ki Choi, Hyun-Joo Moon, Moon-Jin Hwang, Ho-Jun Song, Yeong-Joon Park
      Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2016; 43(1): 61.     CrossRef
    • Biological Effects and Washout Resistance of a Newly Developed Fast-setting Pozzolan Cement
      Yoorina Choi, Su-Jung Park, Seoung-Hoon Lee, Yun-Chan Hwang, Mi-Kyung Yu, Kyung-San Min
      Journal of Endodontics.2013; 39(4): 467.     CrossRef
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    The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation on microtensile bond strength of composite resin restoration
    Jeong-Hye Son, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2010;35(2):134-142.   Published online March 31, 2010
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2010.35.2.134
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation with hypersensitivity mode on microtensile bond strength of composite resin. Twenty extracted permanent molars were randomly assigned to six groups, according to the irradiation of Er,Cr:YSGG laser, adhesive system (Optibond FL or Clearfil SE bond) and application time of etchant (15 sec or 20 sec). Then composite resin was build up on each conditioned surface. The restored teeth were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 h and twelve specimens for each group were prepared. All specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength and the fracture modes were evaluated. Also, the prepared dentin surface and laser irradiated dentin surface were examined under SEM.

    The results were as follows:

    The microtensile bond strength of laser irradiated group was lower than that of no laser irradiated group.

    Regardless of laser irradiation, the microtensile bond strength of Optibond FL was higher than that of Clearfil SE bond. And the microtensile bond strength of 20 sec etching group was higher than that of 15 sec etching group when using Optibond FL.

    The SEM image of laser irradiated dentin surface showed prominent peritubular dentin, opened dentinal tubules and no smear layer.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Enamel pretreatment with Er:YAG laser: effects on the microleakage of fissure sealant in fluorosed teeth
      Mahtab Memarpour, Nasrin Kianimanesh, Bahareh Shayeghi
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2014; 39(3): 180.     CrossRef
    • 325 View
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    Original Articles
    Effect of an intermediate bonding resin and flowable resin on the compatibility of two-step total etching adhesives with a self-curing composite resin
    Sook-Kyung Choi, Ji-Wan Yum, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(5):397-405.   Published online September 30, 2009
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.5.397
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    This study compared the effect of an activator, intermediate bonding resin and low-viscosity flowable resin on the microtensile bond strength of a self-curing composite resin used with two-step total etching adhesives. Twenty extracted permanent molars were used. The teeth were assigned randomly to nine groups (n=10) according to the adhesive system and application of additional methods (activator, intermediate adhesive, flowable resin). The bonding agents and additional applications of each group were applied to the dentin surfaces. Self-curing composite resin buildups were made for each tooth to form a core, 5mm in height. The restored teeth were then stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24h before sectioning. The microtensile bond strength of all specimens was examined. The data was analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and a Scheffe's test. The application of an intermediate bonding resin (Optibond FL adhesive) and low-viscosity flowable resin (Tetric N-flow) produced higher bond strength than that with the activator in all groups. Regardless of the method selected, Optibond solo plus produced the lowest µTBS to dentin. The failure modes of the tested dentin bonding agents were mostly adhesive failure but there were some cases showed cohesive failure in the resin.

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    Effects of condensation techniques and canal sizes on the microleakage of orthograde MTA apical plug in simulated canals
    Deuk-Lim Nam, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(3):208-214.   Published online May 31, 2009
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.3.208
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to compare the dye leakage of MTA (mineral trioxide aggregate) apical plug produced by two orthograde placement techniques (hand condensation technique and ultrasonically assisted hand condensation technique).

    To simulate straight canal, 60 transparent acrylic blocks with straight canal were fabricated. These transparent acrylic blocks were divided into 2 groups (Group C; hand condensation technique (HC) and Group U; ultrasonically assisted hand condensation technique (UAHC)) of 30 blocks with each MTA application method. Each group was divided into 2 subgroups (n = 15) with different canal size of #70 (subgroup C70 and subgroup U70) and #120 (subgroup C120 and subgroup U120). After apical plug was created, a wet paper point was placed over the MTA plug and specimen was kept in a humid condition at room temperature to allow MTA to set. After 24 hours, remaining canal space was backfilled using Obtura II. All specimens were transferred to floral form socked by 0.2% rhodamine B solution and stored in 100% humidity at room temperature. After 48 hours, resin block specimens were washed and scanned using a scanner. The maximum length of microleakage was measured from the scanned images of four surfaces of each resin block using Photoshop 6.0.

    Statistical analysis was performed with Mann-Whitney U test. Group U of UAHC had significantly lower leakage than Group C of HC in #70-size canal (subgroup U70) (p < 0.05).

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    Stress distribution of endodontically treated maxillary second premolars restored with different methods: Three-dimensional finite element analysis
    Dong-Yeol Lim, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(1):69-79.   Published online January 31, 2009
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.1.069
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of elastic modulus of restorative materials and the number of interfaces of post and core systems on the stress distribution of three differently restored endodontically treated maxillary second premolars using 3D FE analysis. Model 1, 2 was restored with a stainless steel or glass fiber post and direct composite resin. A PFG or a sintered alumina crown was considered. Model 3 was restored by EndoCrown. An oblique 500 N was applied on the buccal (Load A) and palatal (Load B) cusp. The von Mises stresses in the coronal and root structure of each model were analyzed using ANSYS. The elastic modulus of the definitive restorations rather than the type of post and core system was the primary factor that influenced the stress distribution of endodontically treated maxillary premolars. The stress concentration at the coronal structure could be lowered through the use of definitive restoration of high elastic modulus. The stress concentration at the root structure could be lowered through the use of definitive restoration of low elastic modulus.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • How loss of tooth structure impacts the biomechanical behavior of a single-rooted maxillary premolar: FEA
      Roaa Abdelwahab Abdelfattah, Nawar Naguib Nawar, Engy M. Kataia, Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber
      Odontology.2024; 112(1): 279.     CrossRef
    • Effect of Proximal Caries-driven Access on the Biomechanical Behavior of Endodontically Treated Maxillary Premolars
      Nawar Naguib Nawar, Roaa Abdelwahab Abdelfattah, Mohamed Kataia, Shehabeldin Mohamed Saber, Engy Medhat Kataia, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
      Journal of Endodontics.2023; 49(10): 1337.     CrossRef
    • Survival and success of endocrowns: A systematic review and meta-analysis
      Raghad A. Al-Dabbagh
      The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry.2021; 125(3): 415.e1.     CrossRef
    • Influence of Cavity Design on Stress Distribution in Second Premolar Tooth Using Finite Element Analysis
      Z. Parlar, E.U. Gökçek, K. Yildirim, A. Kahyaoglu
      Acta Physica Polonica A.2017; 132(3-II): 949.     CrossRef
    • Influence of post types and sizes on fracture resistance in the immature tooth model
      Jong-Hyun Kim, Sung-Ho Park, Jeong-Won Park, Il-Young Jung
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(4): 257.     CrossRef
    • 460 View
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    Close layer
    Effect of restoration type on the stress distribution of endodontically treated maxillary premolars; Three-dimensional finite element study
    Heun-Sook Jung, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(1):8-19.   Published online January 31, 2009
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.1.008
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of four restorative materials under various occlusal loading conditions on the stress distribution at the CEJ of buccal, palatal surface and central groove of occlusal surface of endodontically treated maxillary second premolar, using a 3D finte element analysis.

    A 3D finite element model of human maxillary second premolar was endodontically treated. After endodontic treatment, access cavity was filled with Amalgam, resin, ceramic or gold of different mechanical properties. A static 500N forces were applied at the buccal (Load-1) and palatal cusp (Load-2) and a static 170N forces were applied at the mesial marginal ridge and palatal cusp simultaneously as centric occlusion (Load-3). Under 3-type Loading condition, the value of tensile stress was analyzed after 4-type restoration at the CEJ of buccal and palatal surface and central groove of occlusal surface

    Excessive high tensile stresses were observed along the palatal CEJ in Load-1 case and buccal CEJ in Load-2 in all of the restorations. There was no difference in magnitude of stress in relation to the type of restorations. Heavy tensile stress concentrations were observed around the loading point and along the central groove of occlusal surface in all of the restorations. There was slight difference in magnitude of stress between different types of restorations. High tensile stress concentrations around the loading points were observed and there was no difference in magnitude of stress between different types of restorations in Load-3.

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    Stress distribution for NiTi files of triangular based and rectangular based cross-sections using 3-dimensional finite element analysis
    Hyun-Ju Kim, Chan-Joo Lee, Byung-Min Kim, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2009;34(1):1-7.   Published online January 31, 2009
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2009.34.1.001
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to compare the stress distributions of NiTi rotary instruments based on their cross-sectional geometries of triangular shape-based cross-sectional design, S-shaped cross-sectional design and modified rectangular shape-based one using 3D FE models.

    NiTi rotary files of S-shaped and modified rectangular design of cross-section such as Mtwo or NRT showed larger stress change while file rotation during simulated shaping.

    The stress of files with rectangular cross-section design such as Mtwo, NRT was distributed as an intermittent pattern along the long axis of file. On the other hand, the stress of files with triangular cross-section design was distributed continuously.

    When the residual stresses which could increase the risk of file fatigue fracture were analyzed after their withdrawal, the NRT and Mtwo model also presented higher residual stresses.

    From this result, it can be inferred that S-shaped and modified rectangular shape-based files were more susceptible to file fracture than the files having triangular shape-based one.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Ex-Vivo Comparison of Torsional Stress on Nickel–Titanium Instruments Activated by Continuous Rotation or Adaptive Motion
      Joo Yeong Lee, Sang Won Kwak, Jung-Hong Ha, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
      Materials.2020; 13(8): 1900.     CrossRef
    • Autogenous teeth used for bone grafting: a comparison with traditional grafting materials
      Young-Kyun Kim, Su-Gwan Kim, Pil-Young Yun, In-Sung Yeo, Seung-Chan Jin, Ji-Su Oh, Heung-Joong Kim, Sun-Kyoung Yu, Sook-Young Lee, Jae-Sung Kim, In-Woong Um, Mi-Ae Jeong, Gyung-Wook Kim
      Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology and Oral Radiology.2014; 117(1): e39.     CrossRef
    • Analysis of crystalline structure of autogenous tooth bone graft material: X-Ray diffraction analysis
      Gyung-Wook Kim, In-Sung Yeo, Su-Gwan Kim, In-Woong Um, Young-Kyun Kim
      Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.2011; 37(3): 225.     CrossRef
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    Stress analysis of maxillary premolars with composite resin restoration of notch-shaped class V cavity and access cavity; Three-dimensional finite element study
    Seon-Hwa Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(6):570-579.   Published online November 30, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.6.570
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the distribution of tensile stress of canal obturated maxillary second premolar with access cavity and notch-shaped class V cavity restored with composite resin using a 3D finite element analysis.

    The tested groups were classified as 8 situations by only access cavity or access cavity with notch-shaped class VS cavity (S or N), loading condition (L1 or L2), and with or without glass ionomer cement base (R1 or R2). A static load of 500 N was applied at buccal and palatal cusps. Notch-shaped cavity and access cavity were filled microhybrid composite resin (Z100) with or without GIC base (Fuji II LC). The tensile stresses presented in the buccal cervical area, palatal cervical area and occlusal surface were analyzed using ANSYS.

    Tensile stress distributions were similar regardless of base. When the load was applied on the buccal cusp, excessive high tensile stress was concentrated around the loading point and along the central groove of occlusal surface. The tensile stress values of the tooth with class V cavity were slightly higher than that of the tooth without class V cavity. When the load was applied the palatal cusp, excessive high tensile stress was concentrated around the loading point and along the central groove of occlusal surface. The tensile stress values of the tooth without class V cavity were slightly higher than that of the tooth with class V cavity.

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    The effect of various bonding systems on the microtensile bond strength of immediate and delayed dentin sealing
    Jin-hee Ha, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(6):526-536.   Published online November 30, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.6.526
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of various dentin bonding systems on microtensile bond strength of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) and delayed dentin sealing (DDS). Eighteen extracted permanent molars were used in this study. The teeth for DDS group were restored with a provisional restorations, and immersed in saline solution for 1 week, and divided into 3 subgroups according to various dentin bonding adhesives; SB subgroup (3 step total-etch adhesive), SE subgroup (2 step self-etch adhesive), XE subgroup (1 step self-etch adhesive). In IDS group, the teeth were divided into 3 subgroups, and applied with bonding adhesives as in DDS group. The teeth were restored with provisional restorations, and immersed in saline solution for 1 week. Indirect composite disc was cemented with resin cement, and all specimens were subjected to microtensile bond strength. The data were statistically analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Student t-test.

    The results were as follows:

    The IDS group showed significantly higher µTBS than DDS group in 3 step total-etch and 2 step self-etch adhesive (p < 0.05).

    In IDS and DDS group, 3 step total-etch adhesive showed the highest µTBS value, followed by 2 step self-etch, and 1 step self-etch adhesive. In IDS group, the µTBS value for 1 step self-etch adhesive was significantly different from those of the other subgroups (p < 0.05), and in DDS group, there were statistical differences in all subgroup (p < 0.05).

    Failure modes of tested dentin bonding adhesives were mostly mixed failure and only 1 step self-etch adhesive showed adhesive failure.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • The effect of Er,Cr:YSGG irradiation on microtensile bond strength of composite resin restoration
      Jeong-Hye Son, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2010; 35(2): 134.     CrossRef
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    Comparative analysis of various corrosive environmental conditions for NiTi rotary files
    Ji-Wan Yum, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(4):377-388.   Published online July 31, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.4.377
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The aim of the present study is to compare the corrosion tendency using two kinds of NiTi files in the various environmental conditions through the visual examination and electrochemical analysis. ProTaper Universal S2, 21 mm (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and Hero 642, 0.06 tapers, size 25, 21 mm (Micromega, Besancon, France) rotary instruments were tested. The instruments were randomly divided into eighteen groups (n = 5) by the immersion temperature, the type of solution, the brand of NiTi rotary instrument and the presence of mechanical loading. Each file was examined at various magnifications using Scanning Electron Microscope (JEOL, Akishima, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX). EDX was used to determine the components of the endodontic file alloy in corroded and noncorroded areas. The corrosion resistance of unused and used NiTi files after repeated uses in the human teeth was evaluated electrochemically by potentiodynamic polarization test using a potentiostat (Applied Corrosion Monitoring, Cark-in-Cartmel, UK).

    Solution temperature and chloride ion concentration may affect on passivity of NiTi files. Under the conditions of this in vitro study, the corrosion resistance is slightly increased after clinical use.

    Citations

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    • Comparing Cyclic Fatigue Resistance and Free Recovery Transformation Temperature of NiTi Endodontic Single-File Systems Using a Novel Testing Setup
      Emad Youssef, Holger Jungbluth, Søren Jepsen, Manfred Gruener, Christoph Bourauel
      Materials.2024; 17(3): 566.     CrossRef
    • The Determination of the Corrosion Rates of Rotary Ni-Ti Instruments in Various Irrigation Solutions
      Tolga Özcan, Bade Sonat, Meltem Dartar Öztan, Fatma Basmaci, Umut Aksoy
      Cyprus Journal of Medical Sciences.2023; 8(2): 136.     CrossRef
    • A Nonlinear Probabilistic Pitting Corrosion Model of Ni–Ti Alloy Immersed in Shallow Seawater
      Špiro Ivošević, Gyöngyi Vastag, Nataša Kovač, Peter Majerič, Rebeka Rudolf
      Micromachines.2022; 13(7): 1031.     CrossRef
    • Corrosion resistance assessment of nickel-titanium endodontic files with and without heat treatment
      Tatiana Dias Costa, Elison da Fonseca e Silva, Paula Liparini Caetano, Marcio José da Silva Campos, Leandro Marques Resende, André Guimarães Machado, Antônio Márcio Resende do Carmo
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Effect of Sodium Hypochlorite, EDTA, and Chitosan Solution on Corrosion and Quantity of Extruded Nickel Ions Using Two Rotary Instruments (In Vitro)
      Eltica Oktavia, Trimurni Abidin
      World Journal of Dentistry.2019; 10(3): 207.     CrossRef
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    Stress distribution of three NiTi rotary files under bending and torsional conditions using 3-dimensional finite element analysis
    Tae-Oh Kim, Chan-Joo Lee, Byung-Min Kim, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(4):323-331.   Published online July 31, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.4.323
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    Flexibility and fracture properties determine the performance of NiTi rotary instruments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate how geometrical differences between three NiTi instruments affect the deformation and stress distributions under bending and torsional conditions using finite element analysis.

    Three NiTi files (ProFile .06 / #30, F3 of ProTaper and ProTaper Universal) were scanned using a Micro-CT. The obtained structural geometries were meshed with linear, eight-noded hexahedral elements. The mechanical behavior (deformation and von Mises equivalent stress) of the three endodontic instruments were analyzed under four bending and rotational conditions using ABAQUS finite element analysis software. The nonlinear mechanical behavior of the NiTi was taken into account.

    The U-shaped cross sectional geometry of ProFile showed the highest flexibility of the three file models. The ProTaper, which has a convex triangular cross-section, was the most stiff file model. For the same deflection, the ProTaper required more force to reach the same deflection as the other models, and needed more torque than other models for the same amount of rotation. The highest von Mises stress value was found at the groove area in the cross-section of the ProTaper Universal.

    Under torsion, all files showed highest stresses at their groove area. The ProFile showed highest von Mises stress value under the same torsional moment while the ProTaper Universal showed the highest value under same rotational angle.

    Citations

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    • Effect of internal stress on cyclic fatigue failure in .06 taper ProFile
      Hye-Rim Jung, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho, Se-Hee Park
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(2): 79.     CrossRef
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    The influence of occlusal loads on stress distribution of cervical composite resin restorations: A three-dimensional finite element study
    Chan-Seok Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(3):246-257.   Published online May 31, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.246
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of various occlusal loading sites and directions on the stress distribution of the cervical composite resin restorations of maxillary second premolar, using 3 dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis. Extracted maxillary second premolar was scanned serially with Micro-CT (SkyScan1072; SkyScan, Aartselaar, Belgium). The 3D images were processed by 3D-DOCTOR (Able Software Co., Lexington, MA, USA). HyperMesh (Altair Engineering, Inc., Troy, USA) and ANSYS (Swanson Analysis Systems, Inc., Houston, USA) was used to mesh and analyze 3D FE model. Notch shaped cavity was filled with hybrid (Z100, 3M Dental Products, St. Paul, MN, USA) or flowable resin (Tetric Flow, Vivadent Ets., FL-9494-Schaan, Liechtenstein) and each restoration was simulated with adhesive layer thickness (40 µm). A static load of 200 N was applied on the three points of the buccal incline of the palatal cusp and oriented in 20° increments, from vertical (long axis of the tooth) to oblique 40° direction towards the buccal. The maximum principal stresses in the occlusal and cervical cavosurface margin and vertical section of buccal surfaces of notch-shaped class V cavity were analyzed using ANSYS. As the angle of loading direction increased, tensile stress increased. Loading site had little effect on it. Under same loading condition, Tetric Flow showed relatively lower stress than Z100 overall, except both point angles. Loading direction and the elastic modulus of restorative material seem to be important factor on the cervical restoration.

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    • Finite element analysis of maxillary central incisors restored with various post-and-core applications
      MinSeock Seo, WonJun Shon, WooCheol Lee, Hyun-Mi Yoo, Byeong-Hoon Cho, Seung-Ho Baek
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(4): 324.     CrossRef
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    The influence of combining composite resins with different elastic modulus on the stress distribution of Class V restoration: a three-dimensional finite element study
    Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Sung-Kyo Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(3):184-197.   Published online May 31, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.3.184
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    This study was to investigate the influence of combining composite resins with different elastic modulus, and occlusal loading condition on the stress distribution of restored notch-shaped non-carious cervical lesion using 3D finite element (FE) analysis.

    The extracted maxillary second premolar was scanned serially with Micro-CT. The 3D images were processed by 3D-DOCTOR. ANSYS was used to mesh and analyze 3D FE model. A notch-shaped cavity was modeled and filled with hybrid, flowable resin or a combination of both. After restoration, a static load of 500N was applied in a point-load condition at buccal cusp and palatal cusp. The stress data were analyzed using analysis of principal stress.

    Results showed that combining method such that apex was restored by material with high elastic modulus and the occlusal and cervical cavosurface margin by small amount of material with low elastic modulus was the most profitable method in the view of tensile stress that was considered as the dominant factor jeopardizing the restoration durability and promoting the lesion progression.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Effect of restoration type on the stress distribution of endodontically treated maxillary premolars; Three-dimensional finite element study
      Heun-Sook Jung, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(1): 8.     CrossRef
    • Stress distribution of endodontically treated maxillary second premolars restored with different methods: Three-dimensional finite element analysis
      Dong-Yeol Lim, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(1): 69.     CrossRef
    • Finite element analysis of maxillary central incisors restored with various post-and-core applications
      MinSeock Seo, WonJun Shon, WooCheol Lee, Hyun-Mi Yoo, Byeong-Hoon Cho, Seung-Ho Baek
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(4): 324.     CrossRef
    • Stress analysis of maxillary premolars with composite resin restoration of notch-shaped class V cavity and access cavity; Three-dimensional finite element study
      Seon-Hwa Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 570.     CrossRef
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    The effect of different bonding systems on shear bond strength of repaired composite resin
    Eun-Mi Seon, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(2):125-132.   Published online March 31, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.2.125
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study is to compare the shear bond strength of repaired composite resin with different bonding agents and evaluate the effect of bonding agents on composite repair strength. Forty composite specimens (Z-250) were prepared and aged for 1week by thermocycling between 5 and 55℃ with a dwell time of 30s. After air abrasion with 50 µm aluminum oxide, following different bonding agents were applied (n = 10); SB group: Scotchbond multipurpose adhesive (3 step Total-Etch system); SE group: Clearfil SE bond (2 step Self-Etch system); XP group: XP bond (2 step Total-Etch system); XE group: XenoIII (1 step Self-Etch system). After bonding procedure was completed, new composite resin (Z-250) was applied to the mold and cured. For control group, 10 specimens were prepared. Seven days after repair, shear bond strength was measured. Data was statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (p < 0.05). The means and standard deviations of shear bond strength (MPa ± S.D.) per group were as follows: SB group: 17.06; SE group: 19.10; XP group: 14.44; XE group: 13.57; Control Group: 19.40. No significant difference found in each group. Within the limit of this study, it was concluded that the different type of bonding system was not affect on the shear bond strength of repaired composite resin.

    Citations

    Citations to this article as recorded by  
    • Smart Biomaterials: An Evolving Paradigm in Dentistry
      Harsha P Rathi, Manoj Chandak, Amit Reche, Abhilasha Dass, Swayangprabha Sarangi, Samiksha R Thawri
      Cureus.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Stress distribution of Class V composite resin restorations: A three-dimensional finite element study
    Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Sung-Kyo Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(1):28-38.   Published online January 31, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.1.028
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    This study was to investigate the influence of composite resins with different elastic modulus, cavity modification and occlusal loading condition on the stress distribution of restored notch-shaped noncarious cervical lesion using 3-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis.

    The extracted maxillary second premolar was scanned serially with Micro-CT. The 3D images were processed by 3D-DOCTOR. ANSYS was used to mesh and analyze 3D FE model. A notch-shaped cavity and a modified cavity with a rounded apex were modeled. Unmodified and modified cavities were filled with hybrid or flowable resin. After restoration, a static load of 500N was applied in a point-load condition at buccal cusp and palatal cusp. The stress data were analyzed using analysis of principal stress.

    The results were as follows:

    In the unrestored cavity, the stresses were highly concentrated at mesial CEJ and lesion apex and the peak stress was observed at the mesial point angle under both loading conditions.

    After restoration of the cavity, stresses were significantly reduced at the lesion apex, however cervical cavosurface margin, stresses were more increased than before restoration under both loading conditions.

    When restoring the notch-shaped lesion, material with high elastic modulus worked well at the lesion apex and material with low elastic modulus worked well at the cervical cavosurface margin.

    Cavity modification the rounding apex did not reduce compressive stress, but tensile stress was reduced.

    Citations

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    • Effect of Loading and Restoration on the Biomechanical Behavior of Premolars with Simulated Abfraction Lesions
      Deepa N Thangaraj, Sebeena Mathew, Karthick Kumaravadivel, Kerena Joseline, Boopathi Thangavel, Manimaran Sekar
      World Journal of Dentistry.2025; 15(12): 1076.     CrossRef
    • A Comparative Evaluation of Fiber-Reinforced Composite and Conventional Composite Restorations in Non-Carious Cervical Lesions: A Randomized Clinical Trial
      Vinutha Manjunath, Aparna Nair, Vidya G. Doddawad
      Journal of International Oral Health.2025; 17(2): 145.     CrossRef
    • Numerical investigation of stress concentration at the tip of the V-notch partially filled with material
      V.P. Matveenko, A.Y. Fedorov, E.B. Galkina
      Computational Continuum Mechanics.2022; 15(3): 333.     CrossRef
    • Clinical Evaluation of Bioactive Restorative Material versus Resin Modified Glass Ionomer in Cervical Restorations: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
      Yehia Hafez Yehia, Amir Hafez Ibrahim, Eman Abou-auf, Amira Farid Elzogbhi
      Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences.2022; 10(D): 33.     CrossRef
    • Effects of Root Maturation and Thickness Variation in Coronal Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Plugs Under Traumatic Load on Stress Distribution in Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: A 3-dimensional Finite Element Analysis Study
      Akif Demirel, Tuğba Bezgin, Şaziye Sarı
      Journal of Endodontics.2021; 47(3): 492.     CrossRef
    • Finite element analysis of V-shaped tooth defects filled with universal nanohybrid composite using incremental technique
      Tsanka Dikova, Tihomir Vasilev, Vesela Hristova, Vladimir Panov
      Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials.2021; 118: 104425.     CrossRef
    • Are Increased Masticatory Forces Risk for Primary 2nd Molars without Successors? A 3D FEA Study
      Akif Demirel, Şaziye Sarı
      Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry.2019; 43(1): 64.     CrossRef
    • Finite element analysis of maxillary central incisors restored with various post-and-core applications
      MinSeock Seo, WonJun Shon, WooCheol Lee, Hyun-Mi Yoo, Byeong-Hoon Cho, Seung-Ho Baek
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(4): 324.     CrossRef
    • The influence of combining composite resins with different elastic modulus on the stress distribution of Class V restoration: a three-dimensional finite element study
      Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Sung-Kyo Kim
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(3): 184.     CrossRef
    • Stress analysis of maxillary premolars with composite resin restoration of notch-shaped class V cavity and access cavity; Three-dimensional finite element study
      Seon-Hwa Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Kwang-Hoon Kim, Kwon Son, Jeong-Kil Park
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2008; 33(6): 570.     CrossRef
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    EFFECT OF THE ADDITIONAL ETCHING PROCEDURE ON PUSH-OUT BOND STRENGTH OF ONE-STEP RESIN CEMENT
    Soon-Il Kang, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2008;33(5):443-451.   Published online January 14, 2008
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2008.33.5.443
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub
    Abstract

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of additional etching procedure prior to Maxcem resin cement application in indirect restoration cementation using push-out bonding strength.

    One hundred and two extracted human molars were used to make indirect resin restorations of gold inlay and Synfony. These restorations were cemented using Maxcem and Variolink II. Additional etching procedures were done for one group with Maxcem. Three groups have 17 specimens in both restoration types. Push-out bond strength was measured using multi-purpose tester and calculated for bonding strength per sqaure-millimeter area. The mean bonding strength values were compared using SPSS 12.0K program for one-way ANOVA and Scheffe's Test with 95% significance.

    Under the condition of this study, the additional etching procedure prior to usage of Maxcem resulted in reduced bond strength for both of restoration types.

    Citations

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    • Shear bond strength of a self-adhesive resin cement to resin-coated dentin
      Jee-Youn Hong, Cheol-Woo Park, Jeong-Uk Heo, Min-Ki Bang, Jae-Jun Ryu
      The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics.2013; 51(1): 27.     CrossRef
    • Effect of dentin surface wetness on tensile bond strength of self adhesive resin cements
      Sung-Young Yoon, Se-Hee Park, Jin-Woo Kim, Kyung-Mo Cho
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2009; 34(2): 113.     CrossRef
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    Surface roughness and color stability of various composite resins
    Sung-Yi Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Kim, Bock Hur, Jeong-Kil Park
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(6):542-549.   Published online November 30, 2007
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.6.542
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the difference in the surface roughness after polishing and to evaluate the difference in color stability after immersion in a dye solution among four types of composite resin materials. Four light-polymerized composite resins (Shade A2) with different sized filler content (a nanofilled, a hybrid, a microfilled, a flowble) were used. Average surface roughness (Ra) was measured with a surface roughness tester (Surftest Formtracer) before and after polishing with aluminum oxide abrasive discs (Super-Snap). Color of specimens before and after staining with 2% methylene blue solution were measured using spectrophotometer (CM-3700d) with SCI geometries. The results of Ra and ΔE were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), a Scheffe multiple comparison test and Student t-test (p = 0.05). After polishing, Ra values were decreased regardless of type of composite resins. In surface roughness after polishing and color stability after staining, nanofilled composite resin was not different with other composite resins except flowable resins.

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    • Effect of contemporary polishing systems on hardness and roughness of one-shaded dental composites
      Kivanc Dulger, Gencaga Purcek
      Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society.2025; 61(3): 841.     CrossRef
    • Physicomechanical properties and polymerization shrinkage of the newly developed radiopaque flowable composite derived from rice husk
      Nor Ain Fatihah Azlisham, Yanti Johari, Dasmawati Mohamad, Mohd Firdaus Yhaya, Zuliani Mahmood
      Polymer Composites.2025; 46(7): 5924.     CrossRef
    • Effect of immersion and thermocycling in different beverages on the surface roughness of single- and multi-shade resin composites
      Aiah A. El-Rashidy, Omar Shaalan, Rasha M. Abdelraouf, Nour A. Habib
      BMC Oral Health.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
    • Degree of conversion and physicomechanical properties of newly developed flowable composite derived from rice husk using urethane dimethacrylate monomer
      Nor Ain Fatihah Azlisham, Yanti Johari, Dasmawati Mohamad, Mohd Firdaus Yhaya, Zuliani Mahmood
      Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine.2023; 237(12): 1339.     CrossRef
    • Translucency and Color Stability of a Simplified Shade Nanohybrid Composite after Ultrasonic Scaling and Air-Powder Polishing
      Ksenia Babina, Maria Polyakova, Inna Sokhova, Vladlena Doroshina, Alexandr Zaytsev, Elena E. Nikonova, Gleb S. Budylin, Evgeny A. Shirshin, Christian Tantardini, Nina Novozhilova
      Nanomaterials.2022; 12(24): 4465.     CrossRef
    • Surface properties and color stability of dental flowable composites influenced by simulated toothbrushing
      Guangyun LAI, Liya ZHAO, Jun WANG, Karl-Heinz KUNZELMANN
      Dental Materials Journal.2018; 37(5): 717.     CrossRef
    • Topography and surface roughness of fluid resins used as bioprotectors of mini-implants
      Rogério Lacerda-Santos, Mirella de Fátima Liberato de Moura, Fabíola Galbiatti Carvalho, Hugo Lemes Carlo, Matheus Melo Pithon, Bruno Alessandro Silva Guedes de Lima, Tibério Andrade dos Passos
      Applied Adhesion Science.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Comparison of shaping ability using various Nickel-Titanium rotary files and hybrid technique
    Jung-Won Kim, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(6):530-541.   Published online November 30, 2007
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.6.530
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    Currently, various Nickel-Titanium rotary files are used in endodontic treatment, but there is no one perfect system that can be applied to any clinical situation. Therefore, the combined uses of various file systems which can emphasize the advantages of each system are introduced as hybrid instrumentation.

    The ProTaper system is efficient in body shaping and apical pre-enlargement but is reported to have more possibility of transportation and produce more aberrations and deformation in more or less severe curved canals. Recently, new ProTaper system (ProTaper Universal) with different configuration and cross-sectional design to overcome the week points of ProTaper have been marketed.

    The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the shaping abilities of ProTaper, ProTaper Universal system, and two hybrid methods using S-series of ProTaper Universal and Hero Shaper or ProFile.

    The time lapses for instrumentation were measured and the used files were inspected for distortion. The pre- and post-instrumented root canals were scanned and superimposed to evaluate the aberrations and reduction of root canal curvature and change of radius of canal curvature. The increased canal width and apical centering ratio were calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 mm levels from apical foramen.

    Under the conditions of this study, the ProTaper Universal seems to have better shaping ability than ProTaper in terms of instrumented width and instrumentation time. It may be suggested that the ProTaper Universal system is efficient as much as hybrid instrumentation using ProTaper and other constant-tapered NiTi file systems in highly experienced operators.

    Citations

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    • A survey of experience-based preference of Nickel-Titanium rotary files and incidence of fracture among general dentists
      WooCheol Lee, Minju Song, Euiseong Kim, Hyojin Lee, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
      Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics.2012; 37(4): 201.     CrossRef
    • Mechanical and geometric features of endodontic instruments and its clinical effect
      Hyeon-Cheol Kim
      Journal of Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry.2011; 36(1): 1.     CrossRef
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    Comparison of apical sealing ability of continuous wave of obturation technique using EndoTwinn and System B
    Hyun-Ju Shin, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(6):522-529.   Published online November 30, 2007
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.6.522
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to compare the apical leakage of the root canal filled with the System B and the EndoTwinn (the combined application of heat and ultrasonic vibration).

    Sixty extracted premolars with straight root were cleaned and shaped to size 35. Group SB was obturated using System B and Group ET was filled with EndoTwinn. A size 35 of 0.06 tapered gutta-percha and Adseal were used and the plugger which could be introduced to 4 mm short of working length was selected in the obturation procedure. As the positive control, Group PC was not filled. In Group SB, ET and PC, all external surfaces of each tooth were coated with nail varnish leaving only 1 mm area around the apical foramen. In the negative control of Group NSB and Group NET, all of external tooth surface including apical foramen was coated with the nail varnish. The specimens were immersed in methylene blue dye solution for 2 days. Then the specimens were sectioned at each 1 mm from apex to 5 mm level. The final score of one specimen was given by summing up of the points at all levels.

    The dye leakage of Group ET was significantly less than that observed in Group SB (p < 0.05). And the frequency of gutta-percha pulling out from root canal when the plugger was removed was more often with the System B than with EndoTwinn but there was no significant difference.

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    Comparison of apical sealing efficacies using different plugging depth in continuous wave of obturation technique
    Sang-Jin Lee, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(6):491-497.   Published online November 30, 2007
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.6.491
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The purpose of this study was to compare apical sealing ability of continuous wave canal filling technique according to various heat source plugging depths.

    Eighty one extracted human premolars with straight root were cleaned and shaped to size 35 using .06 taper rotary NiTi file. After cleansing and shaping, the teeth were divided into 5 groups following the heat source probing depths from the apex; 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 mm. All specimens were filled using E&Q plus with #35 / .06 tapered gutta-percha cone. The positive control teeth were not filled. All teeth were coated with nail varnish except the apical 1 mm around the apical foramen. Negative control teeth were completely sealed include the apical foramen. All specimens were immersed in 1% methylene blue solution for 72 hours. Then the specimens were sectioned horizontally at 1, 2 and 3 mm from the root apex. Each sectioned surface was photographed using a digital camera attached to the stereomicroscope at 12.5 × 2.5 fold magnification. All points at 1, 2 and 3 mm were summed as final score of one specimen. Statistical analysis of the collected data was performed.

    Under the condition of this study, there was no significant difference between the heat source plugging depths of 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 mm in apical sealing ability. All of apical heat source plugging depth from 3 to 7 mm including Buchanan's protocol -from 5 to 7 mm- seems to be acceptable in clinical application.

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    Comparison of shaping ability between single length technique and crown-down technique using Mtwo rotary file
    Yoo-Kyoung Lim, Jeong-Kil Park, Bock Hur, Hyeon-Cheol Kim
    J Korean Acad Conserv Dent 2007;32(4):385-396.   Published online July 31, 2007
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.5395/JKACD.2007.32.4.385
    AbstractAbstract PDFPubReaderePub

    The aims of this study were to compare the shaping effect and safety between single length technique recommended by manufacturer and crown-down technique using Mtwo rotary file and to present a modified method in use of Mtwo file.

    Sixty simulated root canal resin blocks were used. The canals were divided into three groups according to instrument and the manner of using methods. Each group had 20 specimens. Group MT was instrumented with single length technique of Mtwo, group MC was instrumented with crowndown technique of Mtwo and group PT was instrumented with crown-down technique of ProTaper. All of the rotary files used in this study were operated by an electric motor. The scanned canal images of before and after preparation were superimposed. These superimposed images were evaluated at apical 1 to 8 mm levels. Angle changes were calculated. The preparation time, weight loss, instrument failure and binding, canal aberrations, and centering ratio were measured. Statistical analysis of the three experimental groups was performed with ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range tests for post-hoc comparison and Fisher's exact test was done for the frequency comparison.

    In total preparation time, group MT and group MC were less than group PT. In the aberrations, group MT had more elbows than those of group MC and group PT. The binding of group MC was least and group MT was less than group PT (P < 0.05).

    Under the condition of this study, crown-down technique using Mtwo rotary file is better and safer method than single length technique recommended by the manufacturer.

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